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Author: John Franklin Ault
Publisher:
Published: 1986
Total Pages: 230
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: James Austin
Publisher:
Published: 2000
Total Pages: 144
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPrepared by the Institute on Crime, Justice and Corrections at the George Washington University and the National Council on Crime and Delinquency.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2001-06-05
Total Pages: 405
ISBN-13: 0309172357
DOWNLOAD EBOOKEven though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Author: United States Sentencing Commission
Publisher:
Published: 1988
Total Pages: 556
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Allison Frankel
Publisher:
Published: 2020
Total Pages: 225
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK"[The report] finds that supervision -– probation and parole -– drives high numbers of people, disproportionately those who are Black and brown, right back to jail or prison, while in large part failing to help them get needed services and resources. In states examined in the report, people are often incarcerated for violating the rules of their supervision or for low-level crimes, and receive disproportionate punishment following proceedings that fail to adequately protect their fair trial rights."--Publisher website.
Author: James Austin
Publisher:
Published: 2001
Total Pages: 83
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis report discusses the findings of a nationwide study on the use of private prisons in the United States. The number of these prisons grew enormously between 1987 and 1998, with proponents suggesting that allowing facilities to be operated by the private sector could result in cost reductions of 20%. The study examined the historical factors that gave rise to the higher incarceration rates, fueling the privatization movement, and the role played by the private sector in the prison system. It outlines the arguments, both in support of and opposition to, privatized prisons, reviews current literature on the subject, and examines issues that will have an impact on future privatizations. The report concludes that, rather than the projected 20-percent savings, the average saving from privatization was only about 1 percent, and most of that was achieved through lower labor costs. Nevertheless, there were indications that the mere prospect of privatization had a positive effect on prison administration, making it more responsive to reform.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 1992
Total Pages: 56
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn discussing the management of prison gangs and disruptive groups, the manual advises that the strategy should be to respond to the specific nature of the problem. Where gang activity is rare and a gang culture is not in place, the transfer of gang members out of State may be an effective preventive mechanism. Where gang membership is large, but is only a small proportion of the inmate population, effective control may be achieved by housing known gang members in separate facilities. Where gangs are already entrenched in the institutional culture, prisons must find strategies, such as gang intelligence programs and prosecutorial units, to lessen the impact of gang activities on the nongang inmate population and to reduce gang influence. In examining institutional disturbances, the manual addresses the causes of disturbances, stages in the development of a major disturbance, early warning systems, the management of institutional disturbances, specialized resources for institutional control, and a return to normalcy. A section on staff training discusses general legal considerations in training, the role of the training academy versus the role of the institution, training exercises, and training for special units. Other sections of the manual address post-disturbance activities, case studies, and legal aspects of the management of prison gangs and disturbances.
Author: Doris L. MacKenzie
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Published: 1996
Total Pages: 320
ISBN-13: 0788135112
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIncludes: historical perspective; an overview of boot camp goals, components, and results; state correctional programs in N.Y. State, Illinois, and Georgia; the Federal system; boot camps in county jails (Santa Clara County, CA); juvenile boot camps (California and Florida); different program models (discipline in Georgia; substance abuse programming in adult correctional boot camps; boot camps as an alternative for women); program design and planning (multisite studies; boot camps and prison crowding); and the future of boot camps. Charts, tables and photos.
Author: United States. President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice
Publisher:
Published: 1967
Total Pages: 368
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis report of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice -- established by President Lyndon Johnson on July 23, 1965 -- addresses the causes of crime and delinquency and recommends how to prevent crime and delinquency and improve law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice. In developing its findings and recommendations, the Commission held three national conferences, conducted five national surveys, held hundreds of meetings, and interviewed tens of thousands of individuals. Separate chapters of this report discuss crime in America, juvenile delinquency, the police, the courts, corrections, organized crime, narcotics and drug abuse, drunkenness offenses, gun control, science and technology, and research as an instrument for reform. Significant data were generated by the Commission's National Survey of Criminal Victims, the first of its kind conducted on such a scope. The survey found that not only do Americans experience far more crime than they report to the police, but they talk about crime and the reports of crime engender such fear among citizens that the basic quality of life of many Americans has eroded. The core conclusion of the Commission, however, is that a significant reduction in crime can be achieved if the Commission's recommendations (some 200) are implemented. The recommendations call for a cooperative attack on crime by the Federal Government, the States, the counties, the cities, civic organizations, religious institutions, business groups, and individual citizens. They propose basic changes in the operations of police, schools, prosecutors, employment agencies, defenders, social workers, prisons, housing authorities, and probation and parole officers.
Author: American Bar Association. House of Delegates
Publisher: American Bar Association
Published: 2007
Total Pages: 216
ISBN-13: 9781590318737
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
