Nitrogen Isotope Techniques
Nitrogen Isotope Techniques

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 324

ISBN-13: 0080924077

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This book is the first laboratory manual to bring together basic procedures for measurement of stable and radioactive isotopes of nitrogen, with specific applications to plant, soil, and aquatic biology. This bench-top reference gives practical coverage of mass and emission spectrometry, nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and identification, organic nitrogen, and the radioactive isotope 13N. Methods are described so that researchers can adapt them, without the aid of outside references, to virtually any task they may encounter in investigations of nitrogen transformation processes. Serves as a practical guide for nitrogen isotope techniques Features studies of nitrogen transformations in terrestrial and aquatic systems Includes basic measurement techniques plus specific applications for stable and radioactive nitrogen isotopes Presents detailed protocols, overviews, and key references Includes fifty figures and sixteen tables Hands-on reference for both students and researchers

Nitrogen Isotope Techniques
Nitrogen Isotope Techniques

Author: Roger Knowles

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 1992-10

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13:

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This book is the first laboratory manual to bring together basic procedures for measurement of stable and radioactive isotopes of nitrogen, with specific applications to plant, soil, and aquatic biology. This bench-top reference gives practical coverage of mass and emission spectrometry, nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and identification, organic nitrogen, and the radioactive isotope 13N. Methods are described so that researchers can adapt them, without the aid of outside references, to virtually any task they may encounter in investigations of nitrogen transformation processes. Serves as a practical guide for nitrogen isotope techniques Features studies of nitrogen transformations in terrestrial and aquatic systems Includes basic measurement techniques plus specific applications for stable and radioactive nitrogen isotopes Presents detailed protocols, overviews, and key references Includes fifty figures and sixteen tables Hands-on reference for both students and researchers

Stable Isotope Techniques in the Study of Biological Processes and Functioning of Ecosystems
Stable Isotope Techniques in the Study of Biological Processes and Functioning of Ecosystems

Author: M.J. Unkovich

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-14

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13: 940159841X

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In the last two decades technological advances in isotope ratio mass spectrometry have been very rapid, opening up new possibilities for analysis of biological and environmental materials. The new instrumentation has facilitated faster analysis of samples via automated sample preparation and multi-isotope analysis of single samples, resulting in considerable cost savings, and enabling access to isotope analysis for many more researchers. These changes are reflected in the rapidly growing international literature on stable isotopes. While there have been some excellent books and review papers aimed at interpreting isotope signals in biology and environmental science, there have been fewer attempts to provide practical tools for researchers making forays into this exciting new arena. This book aims to address this inadequacy by providing a set of practical guidelines for the application of a range of novel and well proven stable isotope techniques to the fields of plant physiological ecology, agriculture, marine ecology and palaeoecology. The book is the outcome of a weeklong workshop held under the auspices of the Cooperative Research Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture (CLIMA 1992 - 2000) at The University of Western Australia and the CSIRO Floreat Laboratories, Perth, Western Australia, in February 1999. The workshop was designed to provide practical tools and experiences for researchers and students concerned with how one goes about using stable isotopes in field investigations.

Nitrogen Isotope Analysis of Ammonium and Glycine
Nitrogen Isotope Analysis of Ammonium and Glycine

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Publisher:

Published:

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Stable isotope techniques can be used as a tool in nitrogen cycling studies of different ecosystems. The studies are based on measurement of the heavy (15N)- to- light (14N) isotopic ratios of nitrogen in different biospheric pools. Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is the most precise technique to use for analysis of nitrogen isotopic ratios. This thesis deals with the development of methods for compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis of ammonium and glycine in aqueous solutions and soil extracts using Gas Chromatography - Combustion (GC-C) - IRMS. For ammonium, three different techniques were developed: equilibrium headspace analysis, solid phase microextraction (SPME) and the purge and trap (P & T) technique, which were all based on conversion of ammonium to ammonia with subsequent separation of ammonia for analysis. In the SPME and P & T approaches, custom-made absorbents were used for pre-concentration, followed by thermal desorption into the GC-C-IRMS system. For the equilibrium headspace technique, high precision measurements of the nitrogen isotopic ratio were obtained for concentrations above 420 mg N L-1. With further improvements and the use of suitable equipment, the method has the potential to be used for solutions containing ammonium in the low mg N L-1 range. The SPME technique increased the sensitivity by a factor of » 3 compared to the headspace technique, but was less precise. In addition, the NafionÒ material used for absorption showed a memory effect in the desorption step. With the P & T technique a large variation in the measured isotopic value was observed (using solutions containing 2 mg N L-1) which was due to a non-quantitative thermal desorption. However, with further improvements, the P & T technique has the potential to be used for samples containing below 1.0 µg N, which is a much lower amount than that possible with any method used today. A method for determination of the nitrogen isotopic ratio in free glycine in soil extract

Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques
Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques

Author: Pier A. de Groot

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2004-10-27

Total Pages: 1265

ISBN-13: 0080533272

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(Parent with price) Volume I contains subjective reviews, specialized and novel technique descriptions by guest authors. Part 1 includes contributions on purely analytical techniques and Part 2 includes matters such as development of mass spectrometers, stability of ion sources, standards and calibration, correction procedures and experimental methods to obtain isotopic fractionation factors.Volume II will be available in 2005.

Application of Isotope Techniques for Assessing Nutrient Dynamics in River Basins
Application of Isotope Techniques for Assessing Nutrient Dynamics in River Basins

Author: International Atomic Energy Agency

Publisher: IAEA Tecdoc

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789201388100

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Presents the application of isotope techniques as a tool for evaluating nutrient dynamics in river systems. The book shows that the application of isotope techniques could enable or facilitate the examination of sources, pathways, transformations, and fates of nutrients in river systems, contributing to integrated water resource management.

Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes
Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes

Author: K.A. Malik

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2012-10-13

Total Pages: 362

ISBN-13: 9789401062022

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Diazotrophic bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen to plant-useable form and this input of nitrogen through biological fixation is of great agronomic importance. The contributions presented in this volume relate to free-living nitrogen fixers and the diazotrophs associated with plants. Symbiotic association of Frankia with non-legumes and cyanobacterial associations are also discussed. Research topics covered in this volume include the biochemistry and genetics of diazotrophs, recent developments in improvement of plant-microbe interactions and their molecular basis, the use of molecular probes in taxonomy and ecology of diazotrophs and reports on field applications, agronomic importance and improvement in methodologies for assessing their contribution to plants. This book provides valuable information not only for researchers working in the field of biological nitrogen fixation but also for biochemistry, molecular biologists, microbiologists and agronomists.