Environmental science integrates physical and biological sciences to the study of the environment, with the goal of solving today’s environmental challenges. Many of these challenges tie into a greater concept of using the earth’s resources sustainably. This collection brings together some very important advances in environmental science, including how climate change affects plant disease, how to keep birds and bats away from wind turbines, disinfecting polluted water for drinking, how climate policy impacts natural habitats, cancer risk due to ecological issues, and much more.
Scientists have long sought to unravel the fundamental mysteries of the land, life, water, and air that surround us. But as the consequences of humanity's impact on the planet become increasingly evident, governments are realizing the critical importance of understanding these environmental systemsâ€"and investing billions of dollars in research to do so. To identify high-priority environmental science projects, Grand Challenges in Environmental Sciences explores the most important areas of research for the next generation. The book's goal is not to list the world's biggest environmental problems. Rather it is to determine areas of opportunity thatâ€"with a concerted investmentâ€"could yield significant new findings. Nominations for environmental science's "grand" challenges were solicited from thousands of scientists worldwide. Based on their responses, eight major areas of focus were identifiedâ€"areas that offer the potential for a major scientific breakthrough of practical importance to humankind, and that are feasible if given major new funding. The book further pinpoints four areas for immediate action and investment.
There is a growing global concern about rapidly changing environmental conditions, which is, in turn, linked closely with human health. This book focuses on environmental health issues, scientific understanding of causes, and promising future approaches to control the foremost environmental problems in developed and developing countries. This book emphasizes on the broad spectrum of information resources required in the field of environmental health and provides a detailed review of manenvironmenthealth interrelationships and a basic background for scientists working in the area of environmental health. It offers an overview of the methodology and paradigms of the inter-related, dynamic, evolving fields, ranging from ecology to epidemiology and from environmental health to toxicology. The main features of the book are an evaluation of environmental parameters (such as air quality, water quality, environmental emission) in the perspective of human health deterioration and an improvement of awareness on public health status as a component of human welfare. The chapters include the response of human body to environmental pollutants and also encompass the effects of different environmental factors: physical, chemical, and biological agents of environmental contamination; vectors for dissemination (air, water, soil); solid and hazardous waste, and susceptible populations; bio-markers and risk analysis; the scientific basis for policy decision; occupational health and safety issues; emerging global environmental problems like dissemination of antibiotics in environment and other important areas such as metagenomics application for environmental health. This book is a fundamental text for policy- makers requiring a scientific explanation, for the development of innovative environmental regulations and exposure reduction strategies, scientists researching public health and environmental contamination, and members of the community concerned in human health issues.
Meeting today’s environmental challenges requires a new way of thinking about the intricate dependencies between humans and nature. Ecology and Ecosystem Conservation provides students and other readers with a basic understanding of the fundamental principles of ecological science and their applications, offering an essential overview of the way ecology can be used to devise strategies to conserve the health and functioning of ecosystems. The book begins by exploring the need for ecological science in understanding current environmental issues and briefly discussing what ecology is and isn’t. Subsequent chapters address critical issues in conservation and show how ecological science can be applied to them. The book explores questions such as: • What is the role of ecological science in decision making? • What factors govern the assembly of ecosystems and determine their response to various stressors? • How does Earth’s climate system function and determine the distribution of life on Earth? • What factors control the size of populations? • How does fragmentation of the landscape affect the persistence of species on the landscape? • How does biological diversity influence ecosystem processes? The book closes with a final chapter that addresses the need not only to understand ecological science, but to put that science into an ecosystem conservation ethics perspective.
High-Arctic Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Climate is based on data collected during the past 10 years by Zackenberg Ecological Research Operations (ZERO) at Zackenberg Research Station in Northeast Greenland. This volume covers the function of Arctic ecosystems based on the most comprehensive long-term data set in the world from a well-defined Arctic ecosystem. Editors offer a comprehensive and authoritative analysis of how climate variability is influencing an Arctic ecosystem and how the Arctic ecosystems have inherent feedback mechanisms interacting with climate variability or change. - The latest research on the functioning of Arctic ecosystems - Supplements current books on arctic climate impact assessment as a case study for ecological specialists - Discusses the complex perpetuating effects on Earth - Vital information on modeling ecosystem responses to understand future climates
This book consists of full research papers submitted by scientists/faculty/research scholars who attended the conference on "Earth and Environment: Pollution and Prevention" held at Amity University, Noida from January 28-30, 2014 and had their abstracts published in the conference proceedings. The selected contributions mainly address contemporary issues related to environmental contamination such as industrial wastewater characterization and treatment, microplastics, temporal mount of air pollutants, atmospheric EC, ecofriendly catalytic technology for textile waste, dairy industry, waste water treatment, industrial air pollution, and plant isoprene emissions. The eight studies in the book will be of interest to environmental pollution researchers and students, as well as scientists interested in the proceedings from the" Earth and Environment: Pollution and Prevention" meeting.
The need to understand and address large-scale environmental problems that are difficult to study in controlled environments—issues ranging from climate change to overfishing to invasive species—is driving the field of ecology in new and important directions. Observation and Ecology documents that transformation, exploring how scientists and researchers are expanding their methodological toolbox to incorporate an array of new and reexamined observational approaches—from traditional ecological knowledge to animal-borne sensors to genomic and remote-sensing technologies—to track, study, and understand current environmental problems and their implications. The authors paint a clear picture of what observational approaches to ecology are and where they fit in the context of ecological science. They consider the full range of observational abilities we have available to us and explore the challenges and practical difficulties of using a primarily observational approach to achieve scientific understanding. They also show how observations can be a bridge from ecological science to education, environmental policy, and resource management. Observations in ecology can play a key role in understanding our changing planet and the consequences of human activities on ecological processes. This book will serve as an important resource for future scientists and conservation leaders who are seeking a more holistic and applicable approach to ecological science.
This book presents the proceedings of the First National Conference on “Sustainable Management of Environment & Natural Resource through Innovation in Science and Technology” (SMTST2020). The book highlights the latest development and innovations in the fields of sustainability, natural resource management, ecology and its environmental fields, geosciences and geology, atmospheric sciences, sustainability, climate change, and extreme weather, global warming, and global change, the effect of climate change on the ecosystem, environment, and pollution, as well as putting a strong emphasis on the multidisciplinary studies.
