The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) produced a 2011 report on women in agriculture with a clear and urgent message: agriculture underperforms because half of all farmers—women—lack equal access to the resources and opportunities they need to be more productive. This book builds on the report’s conclusions by providing, for a non-specialist audience, a compendium of what we know now about gender gaps in agriculture.
Pays tribute to the women behind the local, sustainable, and quality foods of northwestern Michigan. Northern Harvest: Twenty Michigan Women in Food and Farminglooks at the female culinary pioneers who have put northern Michigan on the map for food, drink, and farming. Emita Brady Hill interviews women who share their own stories of becoming the cooks, bakers, chefs, and farmers that they are today—each even sharing a delicious recipe or two. These stories are as important to tracing the gastronomic landscape in America as they are to honoring the history, agriculture, and community of Michigan. Divided into six sections, Northern Harvest celebrates very different women who converged in an important region of Michigan and helped transform it into the flourishing culinary Eden it is today. Hill speaks with orchardists and farmers about planting their own fruit trees and making the decision to transition their farms over to organic. She hears from growers who have been challenged by the northern climate and have made exclusive use of fair trade products in their business. Readers are introduced to the first-ever cheesemaker in the Leelanau area and a pastry chef who is doing it all from scratch. Readers also get a sneak peek into the origins of Traverse City institutions such as Folgarelli’s Market and Wine Shop and Trattoria Stella. Hill catches up with local cookbook authors and nationally known food writers. She interviews the founder of two historic homesteads that introduce visitors to a way of living many of us only know from history books. These oral histories allow each woman to tell her story as she chooses, in her own words, with her own emphasis, and her own discretion or indiscretions. Northern Harvest is a celebration of northern Michigan’s rich culinary tradition and the women who made it so. Hungry readers will swallow this book whole.
Using nationally representative survey data from rural Bangladesh, this paper examines the relationship between women’s empowerment in agriculture and indicators of individual dietary quality. Our findings suggest that women’s empowerment is associated with better dietary quality for individuals within the household, with varying effects across the life course. Women’s empowerment is associated with more diverse diets for children younger than five years, but empowerment measures are not consistently associated with increases in nutrient intake for this age group. Women’s empowerment is positively and significantly associated with adult men’s and women’s dietary diversity and nutrient intakes. Different empowerment domains may have different impacts on nutrition, but other characteristics, such as maternal schooling and household socioeconomic status, may play a more important role for younger children. The importance of maternal education in the dietary quality of young children, and the relatively greater importance of women’s empowerment for older children and adults, imply that policies designed to empower women and improve nutritional status should be informed by knowledge of which specific domains of women’s empowerment matter for particular nutritional outcomes at specific stages of the life course.
In the 21st century, even after more than two decades have passed, the challenge of work division persists. Even if participation in work is achieved, the main cause of economic oppression seems to be unequal wages based on gender. For rural Indian women, the complexity generated during employment creates more problems than the availability of job opportunities itself. If these complexities are examined impartially, it's not just about unequal wages; rather, numerous factors emerge on social, political, religious, gender, and traditional bases that complicate their access to available opportunities and hinder easy living. Understanding these enigmas of employment, the subtle level of work performed by rural women is attempted to be explained in this book through detailed analysis. For this purpose, a survey and interview of women from various villages in the development block of Devkali in the Ghazipur district of Uttar Pradesh have been conducted. The effort to comprehend this reality with clarity has been carried out in different phases. In the inaugural chapter, an in- depth exploration of rural working women is undertaken, delving into their introduction and conceptual framework. This sets the stage for a comprehensive examination of their experiences and challenges. The second chapter delves into the extensive body of literature surrounding employment opportunities for rural women, offering a meticulous analysis that unravels the complexities of their professional landscape. This rigorous examination illuminates key trends and patterns. Chapter three provides a panoramic view of the study area, offering insights into its historical and geophysical background. By contextualizing the region, a deeper understanding of the dynamics shaping the employment landscape for rural women emerges. Moving forward, the fourth chapter meticulously scrutinizes the myriad obstacles and fluctuations that impact employment opportunities for rural women. Through a discerning lens, this chapter dissects the challenges that these women encounter on their professional journey. Chapter Five navigates the intricate terrain of familial dynamics and societal attitudes toward women's workforce participation. By shedding light on these multifaceted aspects, a nuanced understanding of the broader ecosystem in which rural women operate is attained. In the ensuing chapter, the focus shifts to the formidable barriers posed by entrenched traditional values, virility, and patriarchal hegemony. These entrenched forces pose significant challenges to the advancement of rural women in the workforce, making this chapter a critical exploration of the prevailing socio-cultural context. The final chapter turns its attention towards wages, work performance, and the imperative work of safeguarding the rights of rural working women. By dissecting these crucial facets, this chapter seeks to fortify the foundations upon which the empowerment of rural women in the workforce stands.
Innovation in Small-Farm Agriculture: Improving Livelihoods and Sustainability is an invaluable resource focussing on the current state of knowledge and scientific advances about the complex and intertwined issues of innovation and how they relate to livelihood of small-scale farmers. This book exposes readers with a holistic overview on how agriculture is most associated with the development and transfer of technologies to farmers and their participation in research and development initiatives to improve the relevancy and usefulness of its outputs and innovation which is not well documented. The book offers comprehensive coverage of the most essential topics, including: Recent scientific advances on agricultural innovations for small farmers. Emphasizes on opportunities and constraints of techno-institutional paradigms. Highlight low-cost and eco-friendly interventions. Case studies on various innovations in agriculture spanning the different agricultural gamut.
Traditionally women's role in agriculture is staggering with nearly half of the population involved in agriculture and its related activities. Most of the agricultural activities are women specific but tragically worldwide women mostly end up as hired agricultural labourers with substantial gender disparity in wages earning far less than men in the same job. To add to her economic woes, inadequate education, less than satisfactory dissemination of technology, globalization, economic liberalization, commercialization, urbanization, political instability, natural disasters, mechanization of agriculture, decreased agriculture, migration of men to urban areas, and occupational health hazards such as prolonged hours of physical labour resulting in musculo-skeletal injuries, pesticide poisoning also make the life of rural women miserable. True, there are policies and programmes of central and state government to alleviate their problems but they are proportionately insufficient and their execution far from satisfactory. Much needs to be done in disseminating gender segregated data and gender bias in all aspects of agriculture, access to resources including land and natural resources, drudgery reduction, assuring nutritional security, diversification of activities of Self Health Groups and Street Shakti groups with emphasis on productivity including post harvest technology, creation of marketing facilities, ownership to land and other allied resources rural electrification, outreach from the media, collectives of women and inter linking of SHGs, adult literacy, health awareness, gender sensitization of extension functionaries and financials institutions, awareness about pesticide hazard etc. Tragically rural women are not vociferous on issues like foetal killing of female unborn, high rate of female mortality, creation of Special Economic Zones replacing productive lands, farmer's suicide and the plight of their widows, fate of pavement vendors and petty shop keepers replaced by retail outlets of big business houses, etc. The struggle cannot be won by only educated and Non Government Organizations on their behalf. The affected and victimized have to fight directly against the injustice they are facing. Extension workers and NGOs need to help them to become aware of their rights and government programmes specially designed for them and motivate them to redress their problems on their own. This needs scientifically collected information on their problems and relief measures available. The book, Women in Agriculture and Rural Development is a sincere attempt in this endeavour. It has valuable chapters on gender inequality in agriculture, technological and economic empowerment of women, poverty alleviation and training programmes, role of SHGs and Street Shakti Groups in rural development, capacity building, nutritional profile of rural women, drudgery and its reduction, natural resources conservation and food security
This book is a compilation of papers presented in the International Ergonomics Conference, HWWE-2007held at Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal during Decemeber 10-12, 2007. The proceedings of HWWE 2007 titled "Developments in Agricultural and Industrial Ergonomics" has been brought out in two volumes, Vol. 1(General Studies) and Vol-2 (Women at Work). This volume contains two sections namely Women in Agriculture and Women at Work and Home.