The Bakassi Dispute and the International Court of Justice
The Bakassi Dispute and the International Court of Justice

Author: Edwin Egede

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-12-14

Total Pages: 303

ISBN-13: 1317040740

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On the 10th of October 2002 the International Court of Justice delivered the Bakassi decision, which, amongst other things, excised the resource rich land and maritime territory of Bakassi from Nigeria and transferred its legal title to Cameroon. These two countries under the auspices of the United Nations established the mechanism of the Cameroon-Nigeria Mixed Commission to honour and implement their obligations under the ICJ decision. Over a decade after the ICJ decision this volume brings together academics and practitioners to assess the impact of this decision and the challenges and issues that have been raised in the course of its implementation. Hailed by some as a model of preventive diplomacy and a blueprint for the future, this timely assessment illuminates the difficulties in imposing such controversial decisions and considers whether this type of Mixed Commission is an adequate mechanism for implementing them.

Bakassi Peninsula
Bakassi Peninsula

Author: Okon Edet

Publisher: Partridge Publishing Singapore

Published: 2015-05-05

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 1482830973

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Bakassi Peninsula: The Untold Story of a People Betrayed essentially narrates the struggle of a people to retain ownership of their homeland; Bakassi Peninsula and the challenges encountered on that tortuous road, following the outbreak of hostilities between the Federation of Nigeria and the Republic of Cameroon over ownership of the Bakassi peninsula. The book provides a brief history of the Usakedet people; customary owners of the peninsula as well as presents a critical view of the administrative, legal and political measures taken by governments including Great Britain that have proved to be detrimental to the interest of customary owners of the peninsula. Bakassi Peninsula: The Untold Story of a People Betrayed equally takes a look at the ownership controversy between Cameroon and Nigeria and provides select legal opinions on the conflict before presenting the reader with un-edited extract of the judgment of the Internal Court of Justice at The Hague. The book finally presents reactions to that judgment by Cameroonians and Nigerians and concludes with a look at what the future might hold for the Bakassi Peninsula and its native population; the Usakedet people.

Ethnicity, Economy and Historical Deconstruction in the Bakassi Borderland
Ethnicity, Economy and Historical Deconstruction in the Bakassi Borderland

Author: Olukoya Ogen

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 77

ISBN-13: 3656152136

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Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2012 in the subject History - Africa, grade: none, course: African Borderland History, language: English, abstract: This study offers a compelling revision of the meagre Nigerian historiography on the Bakassi Peninsula. It argues that Nigeria's claim of ownership of the Peninsula is logically indefensible and historically unsustainable. It contends further that Efik irredentism which found its expression in Nigeria's attempt to forcefully annex the Bakassi Peninsula is based on historical claims that are in reality largely ahistorical. The study is of the opinion that Nigeria's occupation of, and attempts to exercise sovereignty over the Peninsula emanated from the predictable desire of the Nigerian ruling elite to appropriate Bakassi's abundant natural resources and the strategic advantage that the Peninsula holds for Nigeria's oil interests in the Gulf of Guinea. This study further analyses the border-cum-migration problematics that prevail in the Peninsula. It argues that patterns of migrant life rooted in historic and still functioning socio-cultural and economic networks persist in defiance equally of national and international agreements and political claims to ethnic solidarity. The study concludes that peace can only be guaranteed in the Bakassi Peninsula, and indeed in virtually all conflict prone African borderlands, if African governments respect the old 'glass houses rule' (i.e. the 1964 Cairo Declaration by the OAU) and acknowledge that colonial treaties and national borders, irrespective of their arbitrariness and artificiality, constitute the foundation of all modern African state structures.

Crossing the Line in Africa
Crossing the Line in Africa

Author: Ngwa, Canute Ambe

Publisher: Langaa RPCIG

Published: 2019-01-06

Total Pages: 502

ISBN-13: 9956550892

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This book explores a collective understanding of the perception and treatment of borders in Africa. The notion of boundary is universal as boundaries are also an important part of human social organization. Through the ages, boundaries have remained the ‘container’ by which national space is delineated and ‘contained’. For as long as there has been human society based on territoriality and space, there have been boundaries. With their dual character of exclusivism and inclusivism, states have proven to adopt a more structural approach to the respect of the former in consciousness of the esteem of international law governing sovereignty and territorial integrity. However, frontier peoples and their realities have often opted for the latter situation, imposing a more functionalist perception of these imaginary lines and prompting a border opinion shift to a more blurring form of representation and meaning in most African communities. This collective multidisciplinary effort of understanding how tangible and intangible borders have influenced Africa’s attitude and existence for ages is worthy in its own rights. The difference between what borders are and what they are not to a people is the mere product of their own estimations and practices, a disposition that leads the contributors to this book to study borders beyond states or nations and how borders are crossed or transferred from one point to the other for the convenience of their histories and being.

Every Household Its Own Government
Every Household Its Own Government

Author: Daniel Jordan Smith

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2022-03-08

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 0691229902

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Empty pipes and H2O entrepreneurs: boreholes, cart pushers, and "pure water" -- Problem has changed name": electric power and consumer citizenship -- Okadas and danfos: "public transportation" in Nigeria -- "Be what you want to be": cell phones and social inequality -- "They don't know what i have not taught them": the privatization of public schooling -- "Sleeping with one eye open": infrastructural insecurity.

Irregular Armed Forces and their Role in Politics and State Formation
Irregular Armed Forces and their Role in Politics and State Formation

Author: Diane E. Davis

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2003-01-13

Total Pages: 431

ISBN-13: 1139439987

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Existing models of state formation are derived primarily from early Western European experience, and are misleading when applied to nation-states struggling to consolidate their dominion in the present period. In this volume, scholars suggest that the Western European model of armies waging war on behalf of sovereign states does not hold universally. The importance of 'irregular' armed forces - militias, guerrillas, paramilitaries, mercenaries, bandits, vigilantes, police, and so on - has been seriously neglected in the literature on this subject. The case studies in this book suggest, among other things, that the creation of the nation-state as a secure political entity rests as much on 'irregular' as regular armed forces. For most of the 'developing' world, the state's legitimacy has been difficult to achieve, constantly eroding or challenged by irregular armed forces within a country's borders. No account of modern state formation can be considered complete without attending to irregular forces.

Political Economy of Colonial Relations and Crisis of Contemporary African Diplomacy
Political Economy of Colonial Relations and Crisis of Contemporary African Diplomacy

Author: Kelechi Johnmary Ani

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-07-25

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 9819902452

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The book presents a historical account of the colonial foundation of African economy and diplomacy. It reveals how the colonial companies and their agents penetrated different parts of Africa and entrenched Western colonialism and imperialism. Ironically, the arrival of these colonial companies became a driver of colonial labour migration as the educated and few privileged African people have to move towards the location of the colonial companies in order to eke-out improved standard of living. It presents the dynamics of import and export trade as promoted by the colonial companies. Consequently, the second part of the book raised the nature of relations amongst some independent African states. First, it reveals the deep-rooted challenge of poverty, migration problem, xenophobia in South Africa and resource conflicts within sovereign border areas of Nigeria and Cameroon as well as the Ethiopian dam crisis with Egypt, as some negative effects of colonialism on some African states. Secondly, it advocated for the advancement of African sports diplomacy, balancing of Chinese African trade diplomacy and improved labour migration within Africa as some paths to sustainable diplomacy in continent.