Christian Martyrs Under Islam

Christian Martyrs Under Islam

Author: Christian C. Sahner

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2020-03-31

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13: 069120313X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

A look at the developing conflicts in Christian-Muslim relations during late antiquity and the early Islamic era How did the medieval Middle East transform from a majority-Christian world to a majority-Muslim world, and what role did violence play in this process? Christian Martyrs under Islam explains how Christians across the early Islamic caliphate slowly converted to the faith of the Arab conquerors and how small groups of individuals rejected this faith through dramatic acts of resistance, including apostasy and blasphemy. Using previously untapped sources in a range of Middle Eastern languages, Christian Sahner introduces an unknown group of martyrs who were executed at the hands of Muslim officials between the seventh and ninth centuries CE. Found in places as diverse as Syria, Spain, Egypt, and Armenia, they include an alleged descendant of Muhammad who converted to Christianity, high-ranking Christian secretaries of the Muslim state who viciously insulted the Prophet, and the children of mixed marriages between Muslims and Christians. Sahner argues that Christians never experienced systematic persecution under the early caliphs, and indeed, they remained the largest portion of the population in the greater Middle East for centuries after the Arab conquest. Still, episodes of ferocious violence contributed to the spread of Islam within Christian societies, and memories of this bloodshed played a key role in shaping Christian identity in the new Islamic empire. Christian Martyrs under Islam examines how violence against Christians ended the age of porous religious boundaries and laid the foundations for more antagonistic Muslim-Christian relations in the centuries to come.


The Future of Islam

The Future of Islam

Author: John L. Esposito

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2010-02-04

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 019974596X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

John L. Esposito is one of America's leading authorities on Islam. Now, in this brilliant portrait of Islam today--and tomorrow--he draws on a lifetime of thought and research to sweep away the negative stereotypes and provide an accurate, richly nuanced, and revelatory account of the fastest growing religion in the world. Here Esposito explores the major questions and issues that face Islam in the 21st century and that will deeply affect global politics. Are Islam and the West locked in a deadly clash of civilizations? Is Islam compatible with democracy and human rights? Will religious fundamentalism block the development of modern societies in the Islamic world? Will Islam overwhelm the Western societies in which so many Muslim immigrants now reside? Will Europe become Eurabia or will the Muslims assimilate? Which Muslim thinkers will be most influential in the years to come? To answer this last question he introduces the reader to a new generation of Muslim thinkers--Tariq Ramadan, Timothy Winter, Mustafa Ceric, Amina Wadud, and others--a diverse collection of Muslim men and women, both the "Martin Luthers" and the "Billy Grahams" of Islam. We meet religious leaders who condemn suicide bombing and who see the killing of unarmed men, women, and children as "worse than murder," who preach toleration and pluralism, who advocate for women's rights. The book often underscores the unexpected similarities between the Islamic world and the West and at times turns the mirror on the US, revealing how we appear to Muslims, all to highlight the crucial point that there is nothing exceptional about the Muslim faith. Recent decades have brought extraordinary changes in the Muslim world, and in addressing all of these issues, Esposito paints a complex picture of Islam in all its diversity--a picture of urgent importance as we face the challenges of the coming century.


What Muslims Did

What Muslims Did

Author: Yahya Mubashar

Publisher: New Generation Publishing

Published: 2016-09-30

Total Pages: 219

ISBN-13: 1787191435

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Islamic civilization and its achievements are a significant link and era during middle ages that had been intentionally or un-intentionally erased from common man's history. Now many western historians are reopening that chapter and are acknowledging the great contributions Islam and Muslims made in every field of life. Building on achievements of previous civilizations, research done during Muslim era (700 - 1500 CE) lead to the improvement and understanding in various fields of science, art and culture and not only benefited mankind but also formed the basis of modern research and European Renaissance. This account of various developments is aimed to provide the missing link between the middle ages and modern times. It provides a dynamic picture to not only Muslim generations but to generations of every faith and nation. It also highlights the fact that when achievements and potentials of different nations and cultures are put together and worked on, the knowledge becomes fruitful and generations make progress with it.


Encyclopaedia Britannica

Encyclopaedia Britannica

Author: Hugh Chisholm

Publisher:

Published: 1910

Total Pages: 1090

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style.


Speaking Qur'an

Speaking Qur'an

Author: Timur R. Yuskaev

Publisher: Univ of South Carolina Press

Published: 2017-10-18

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 1611177952

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

An exploration of how Muslims in the United States have interpreted the Qur'an in ways that make it speak to their American realities In Speaking Qur'an: An American Scripture, Timur R. Yuskaev examines how Muslim Americans have been participating in their country's cultural, social, religious, and political life. Essential to this process, he shows, is how the Qur'an has become an evermore deeply American text that speaks to central issues in the lives of American Muslims through the spoken-word interpretations of Muslim preachers, scholars,and activists. Yuskaev illustrates this process with four major case studies that highlight dialogues between American Muslim public intellectuals and their audiences. First, through an examination of the work of Fazlur Rahman, he addresses the question of how the premodern Qur'an is translated across time into modern, American settings. Next the author contemplates the application of contemporary concepts of gender to renditions of the Qur'an alongside Amina Wadud's American Muslim discourses on justice.Then he demonstrates how the Qur'an becomes a text of redemption in W. D. Mohammed's oral interpretation of the Qur'an as speaking directly to the African American experience. Finally he shows how, before and after 9/11, Hamza Yusuf invoked the Qur'an as a guide to the political life of American Muslims. Set within the rapidly transforming contexts of the last half century, and central to the volume, are the issues of cultural translation and embodiment of sacred texts that Yuskaev explores by focusing on the Qur'an as a spoken scripture. The process of the Qur'an becoming an American sacred text, he argues, is ongoing. It comes to life when the Qur'an is spoken and embodied by its American faithful.


Islam and Colonialism

Islam and Colonialism

Author: Muhamad Ali

Publisher: Edinburgh University Press

Published: 2015-12-08

Total Pages: 358

ISBN-13: 1474409210

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book offers a comparative and cross-cultural history of Islamic reform and European colonialism as both dependent and independent factors in shaping the multiple ways of becoming modern in Indonesia and Malaya during the first half of the twentieth century.


Muhammad and the Believers

Muhammad and the Believers

Author: Fred M. Donner

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2012-05-07

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 0674064143

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Looks at the history of Islam, arguing that its origins began with the "Believers" movement that emphasized strict monotheism and righteous behavior that included both Christians and Jews in its early years.


Why did they become muslims?

Why did they become muslims?

Author: M. Sıddık Gümüş

Publisher: Hakikat Kitabevi

Published: 2011-12-20

Total Pages: 398

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The book Why Did They Become Muslims consists of 3 sections. Section I is a book of Islam and Christianity. Information about Prophets, books, religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) is given, conditions of being a true Muslim are explained, the words of those filled with admiration for Islam and the lives of 42 people who being a member of other religions chose Islam are narrated. Section II is a book of the Qur’an-ı Karîm and the Torah and the Bibles as of Today. Information about today’s Torah and Bibles is given, errors in the Bible are explained; that the Qur’an-ı Karîm is the last and unchangeable book is explained scientifically. Besides, explained are miracles, virtues, moral practices and habits of Muhammad ´alayhissalâm. Section III is a book of Islam and Other Religions. That Islam is not a religion of savageness, that a true Muslim is not ignorant, that there can be no philosophy in Islam are explained along with explanations of primitive religions and celestial religions.


What Is Islam?

What Is Islam?

Author: Shahab Ahmed

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2015-11-17

Total Pages: 629

ISBN-13: 1400873584

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

A bold new conceptualization of Islam that reflects its contradictions and rich diversity What is Islam? How do we grasp a human and historical phenomenon characterized by such variety and contradiction? What is "Islamic" about Islamic philosophy or Islamic art? Should we speak of Islam or of islams? Should we distinguish the Islamic (the religious) from the Islamicate (the cultural)? Or should we abandon "Islamic" altogether as an analytical term? In What Is Islam?, Shahab Ahmed presents a bold new conceptualization of Islam that challenges dominant understandings grounded in the categories of "religion" and "culture" or those that privilege law and scripture. He argues that these modes of thinking obstruct us from understanding Islam, distorting it, diminishing it, and rendering it incoherent. What Is Islam? formulates a new conceptual language for analyzing Islam. It presents a new paradigm of how Muslims have historically understood divine revelation—one that enables us to understand how and why Muslims through history have embraced values such as exploration, ambiguity, aestheticization, polyvalence, and relativism, as well as practices such as figural art, music, and even wine drinking as Islamic. It also puts forward a new understanding of the historical constitution of Islamic law and its relationship to philosophical ethics and political theory. A book that is certain to provoke debate and significantly alter our understanding of Islam, What Is Islam? reveals how Muslims have historically conceived of and lived with Islam as norms and truths that are at once contradictory yet coherent.