Thermodynamic Data, Models, and Phase Diagrams in Multicomponent Oxide Systems
Thermodynamic Data, Models, and Phase Diagrams in Multicomponent Oxide Systems

Author: Olga Fabrichnaya

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-14

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13: 3662105047

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book involves application of the Calphad method for derivation of a self consistent thermodynamic database for the geologically important system Mg0- Fe0-Fe203-Alz03-Si02 at pressures and temperatures of Earth's upper mantle and the transition zone of that mantle for Earth. The created thermodynamic database reproduces phase relations at 1 bar and at pressures up to 30 GPa. The minerals are modelled by compound energy formalism, which gives realistic descriptions of their Gibbs energy and takes into account crystal structure data. It incorporates a detailed review of diverse types of experimental data which are used to derive the thermodynamic database: phase equilibria, calorimetric stud ies, and thermoelastic property measurements. The book also contains tables of thermodynamic properties at 1 bar (enthalpy and Gibbs energy of formation from the elements, entropy, and heat capacity, and equation of state data at pressures from 1 bar to 30 GPa. Mixing parameters of solid solutions are also provided by the book. Table of Contents Introduction to the Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI Co-Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XIII Vitae of Co-Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XV CODATA Task Group on Geothermodynamic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXIII Chapter 1. Thermodynamics and Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 2 Thermodynamic Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 3 Experimental Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. 4 Programs and Assessment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 System and Phases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 5 Chapter 2. Experimental Phase Equilibrium Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 The Si02 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2. 1 2. 2 The Fe-0 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2. 3 The Fe-Si-0 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2. 4 The Mg0-Si0 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Modeling of Solutions
Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Modeling of Solutions

Author: Arthur D. Pelton

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2018-09-19

Total Pages: 404

ISBN-13: 0128016698

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Modeling of Solutions provides readers with an understanding of thermodynamics and phase equilibria that is required to make full and efficient use of these tools. The book systematically discusses phase diagrams of all types, the thermodynamics behind them, their calculations from thermodynamic databases, and the structural models of solutions used in the development of these databases. Featuring examples from a wide range of systems including metals, salts, ceramics, refractories, and concentrated aqueous solutions, Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Modeling of Solutions is a vital resource for researchers and developers in materials science, metallurgy, combustion and energy, corrosion engineering, environmental engineering, geology, glass technology, nuclear engineering, and other fields of inorganic chemical and materials science and engineering. Additionally, experts involved in developing thermodynamic databases will find a comprehensive reference text of current solution models. Presents a rigorous and complete development of thermodynamics for readers who already have a basic understanding of chemical thermodynamics Provides an in-depth understanding of phase equilibria Includes information that can be used as a text for graduate courses on thermodynamics and phase diagrams, or on solution modeling Covers several types of phase diagrams (paraequilibrium, solidus projections, first-melting projections, Scheil diagrams, enthalpy diagrams), and more

Coupled Experimental and Thermodynamic Modeling of A12O3-CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-MgO-MnO-Mn2O3-SiO2- TiO3-TiO2 System
Coupled Experimental and Thermodynamic Modeling of A12O3-CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-MgO-MnO-Mn2O3-SiO2- TiO3-TiO2 System

Author: Sourav Panda

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

"The phase diagram and thermodynamic properties of the Al2O3-CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-MgO-MnO-Mn2O3-SiO2-Ti2O3-TiO2 system are important in various applications such as steelmaking, refractories, advanced ceramics, petrology and geochemistry. In the present work, the available thermodynamic database for the Al2O3-CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-MgO-SiO2 system was expanded toward the Mn and Ti oxide systems to develop an accurate thermodynamic database for the ten-component system. For this purpose, a complete literature review, critical evaluation and thermodynamic optimization of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of related systems at 1 atm was performed. As part of the thermodynamic study, key phase diagram experiments were performed in the Fe-Ti-O, Mn-Ti-O, Al-Ti-O, Fe-Mn-Ti-O, Mg-Mn-Ti-O, Mn-Si-Ti-O, and Mn-Al-Ti-O systems in air to obtain unknown phase equilibria between the liquid phase and complex solid solutions and resolve any inconsistencies among existing experimental data in the literature.Phase diagram experiments were performed using the classical equilibration and quenching technique. Phase analysis was performed using Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) on all the quenched samples. In the Al-Ti-O system, the solubility of Al2O3 in the rutile (TiO2) solid solution was measured at high temperature. In the Fe-Ti-O system, the liquidus, solubility of Fe2O3 in the rutile (TiO2) solution, and the homogeneity ranges of Fe2O3-FeTiO3 ilmenite and Fe2TiO5-Ti3O5 pseudobrookite solutions were determined at high temperature. In the Mn-Ti-O system, the liquidus, MnO solubility in rutile and the homogeneity range of Mn3O4-Mn2TiO4 spinel were measured. In the Mg-Mn-Ti-O, Fe-Mn-Ti-O and Mn-Si-Ti-O systems, the complex phase equilibria between liquid and solid solutions were experimentally elucidated for the first time in air atmosphere. For the thermodynamic optimization, the liquid phase was described using the Modified Quasichemical Model considering short-range ordering in the molten oxide and the Gibbs energies of the complex solid solutions pseudobrookite, ilmenite and spinel were described using the Compound Energy Formalism considering the crystal structure of each solid solution. Using the thermodynamic models with optimized model parameters in binary and ternary systems, the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of higher order systems in the Al2O3-CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-MgO-MnO-Mn2O3-SiO2-Ti2O3-TiO2 system were well calculated. The database containing the optimized model parameters in this study is compatible with the other FactSage thermodynamic databases and can be used to calculate any unexplored phase diagram and thermodynamic properties within the ten-component system. The database can be used for the complex thermodynamic calculations applicable to pyrometallurgy and advanced ceramics and used for the optimization of industrial processes and the development of new materials. " --

Thermodynamic Modeling of MgO-P2O5, MnO-P2O5 and CaO-MgO-P2O5 Systems
Thermodynamic Modeling of MgO-P2O5, MnO-P2O5 and CaO-MgO-P2O5 Systems

Author: Gabriel Garcia Curiel

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

"As part of a sustained effort to model and simulate the thermodynamic behavior of steelmaking slag, binary and ternary phase diagram systems have been modeled using the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) approach. The understanding, modeling and thermodynamic simulation of oxide systems including phosphorus oxide are of special importance to the steelmaking industry given requirements for steels with ever lower phosphorus contents while facing the processing of ores with increasing phosphorus content.In this project, two binary systems (MgO-P2O5 and MnO-P2O5) and one ternary system (CaO-MgO-P2O5) were modeled to extend the oxide database of the Factsage thermodynamic simulation software package. This present study is part of a broader effort conducted to develop a comprehensive thermodynamic database for the CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-Na2O-P2O5 / Fe Liq. system and allow the thermodynamic simulation of steelmaking processes such as dephosphorization. All available experimental data in the literature were critically assessed and a set of thermodynamic model parameters were developed to simulate reliably the experimental results within experimental error limits. The properties of liquid oxides and solid P2O5 compounds were described by thermodynamic models and standard Gibbs energy functions.The thermodynamic property of the liquid solution (or slag) were described using the Modified Quasi-Chemical Model (MQM) developed by Pelton et. al. (2000). This model allows to simulate short range ordering (SRO). Thermodynamic properties of solid solution phases are described using the Compound Energy Formalism (CEF) by Hillert (2000) which considers the crystal structure of each solid solution." --

Computational Thermodynamics of Materials
Computational Thermodynamics of Materials

Author: Zi-Kui Liu

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2016-06-30

Total Pages: 261

ISBN-13: 0521198968

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Integrates fundamental concepts with experimental data and practical applications, including worked examples and end-of-chapter problems.

Thermodynamic Modeling of the Na2O –,CaO –, MgO – As2O5 Binary Systems
Thermodynamic Modeling of the Na2O –,CaO –, MgO – As2O5 Binary Systems

Author: Jun-Hyung Lee

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

"Arsenic is a highly toxic element found associated with certain minerals and in the drinking water in some parts of the world. Not only is arsenic dangerous, but handling it is difficult due to its volatility and tendency to absorb water. The copper industry accesses more and more arsenic containing mineral deposits due to the depletion of copper ores. Even in the gold industry, ore bodies containing significant levels of arsenic are under consideration. In pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes of such minerals, arsenic becomes a major environmental issue to be resolved for sustainable processing. One possible industrial route to minimize the environmental arsenic problem is the stabilization of arsenic oxide into a glass phase. In order to understand the fundamentals of such a stabilization process and to design the proper glass composition and operating conditions, the thermodynamic knowledge of arsenic oxides in multicomponent oxide systems is indispensable. As part of a larger thermodynamic database for the understanding of thermodynamic behavior of arsenic oxide (arsenate, As2O5) in solid and liquid state, thermodynamic modeling of binary Na2O-As2O5, CaO-As2O5 and MgO-As2O5 systems were performed in the present study. The Gibbs energies of all available phases in each binary system were determined based on the critical evaluation and optimization of existing thermodynamic and phase diagram data. As thermodynamic data of solid compounds and liquid solution available in literature were insufficient, the general trends in each binary arsenate systems were evaluated and used for the estimation of unknown thermodynamic properties in the course of the present thermodynamic optimization process. The Gibbs energy of the liquid solution of each binary arsenate system was described using the Modified Quasichemical Model to capture the effects short-range ordering. All thermodynamic calculations in this study were made using the FactSage thermodynamic software"--

Thermodynamic Properties of Some Metal Oxide-zirconia Systems
Thermodynamic Properties of Some Metal Oxide-zirconia Systems

Author: Nathan S. Jacobson

Publisher:

Published: 1989

Total Pages: 66

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Metal oxide-zirconia systems are a potential class of materials for use as structural materials at temperatures above 1900 K. These materials must have no destructive phase changes and low vapor pressures. Both alkaline earth oxide (MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO)-zirconia and some rare earth oxide (Y2O3, Sc2O3, La2O3, CeO2, Sm2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, Dy2O3, Ho2O3, and Er2O3)-zirconia system are examined. For each system, the phase diagram is discussed and the vapor pressure for each vapor specie is calculated via a free energy minimization procedure. The available thermodynamic literature on each system is also surveyed. Some of the systems look promising for high temperature structural materials.