Genetic Diversity and Human Behavior
Genetic Diversity and Human Behavior

Author: J.N. Spuhler

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-09-05

Total Pages: 566

ISBN-13: 1351517929

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Genetic differences in humans, like those between individuals of any animal or plant species and those between species, are all products of the evolutionary development of the living world. These differences, with their behavioral consequences, can only be understood in the light of evolution. Our understanding of evolution, however, has itself evolved. The Darwin- Wallace theory of evolution appeared in the nineteenth century. Since then, development of evolutionary thought has gone through several stages. The contributions in this volume describe those stages.

The Harvard List of Books in Psychology
The Harvard List of Books in Psychology

Author: Harvard University

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 1971

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13: 9780674376014

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The Harvard List of Books in Psychology was first compiled in the 1930s, when each student in the department enjoyed the luxury of an individual tutorial. Together tutor and student could map out a course of reading. By 1938, the list had proved so useful that its 349 titles were annotated and printed, though mainly for local consumption. Growth of an outside demand from students, librarians, and the reading public led to a supplement in 1944 and a number of successive editions bearing the present title. The present edition updates the List without expanding it beyond useful size: for each new title the compilers have faithfully tried to delete one, and new entries account for almost half of the present total of 744. Each title is annotated with descriptive and evaluative material.

Introduction to Scientific Psychology
Introduction to Scientific Psychology

Author: Henry D. Jr. Schlinger

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-21

Total Pages: 395

ISBN-13: 1489918930

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We humans are faced with an interesting problem: That which we think we un derstand the most-our own behavior-we probably understand the least. On the eve of a new millennium. the planet is beset by a host of problems that are. for the most part. caused by human behavior. Ironically. although it seems that the greatest impact of our behavior is on the planet and its other inhabitants. we may actually be threatening our own future the most. For example. we have caused untold harm to the air we breathe. to the water we drink. and. by exten sion. to much of the food we eat. More important perhaps. we have created a so ciety in which. among other things. many people are anxious and depressed. young women starve themselves. and alcohol and cigarette use are responsible for hundreds of thousands of cases of illness and death every year. And humans still murder one another at an astounding rate. while at the same time continu ing to affirm the value of human life. At a time when it is critical that our chil dren become educated. more and more children are not learning the basic skills they will need to think logically so that they can begin to solve the world's problems. The question may be not "Can the planet survive?" but. rather. "Can we humans survive and change our own destructive actions?" Although many scholars. philosophers.

Physique and Delinquent Behavior
Physique and Delinquent Behavior

Author: Emil M. Hartl

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 603

ISBN-13: 1483264629

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Physique and Delinquent Behavior: A Thirty-year Follow-Up of William H. Sheldon's Varieties of Delinquent Youth is a progress report on the lives of 200 men. The men detailed in this book started as boys in the middle 1930s that included runaways, truants, and delinquents. They became adults during the fluid socioeconomic, political and cultural times in the Unites States. The book defines the psychiatric variables and presents brief biographies of these men. The authors then apply a statistical review of the careers of these men that included 20 cases in a normal group, 90 cases in a second-order psychopathic groups, 12 cases in a borderline psychopathy group, 11 cases in a first order psychopathy group, and 16 cases of alcoholism. The rest are also classified in other groups such as gynephrenosis, criminality, or medical insufficiency. The authors point that an increasing probability of gynephrenotic difficulty in men whose ratings diverge far from that of the male mean. The authors also note that the constitutional approach they applied can explain some complex relation between biology and sex-related behavior. This book is suitable for behavioral scientists, psychiatrists, psychologists, students and professors in the sciences of human behavior.

Human Motivation
Human Motivation

Author: David C. McClelland

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1988-01-29

Total Pages: 694

ISBN-13: 1316101681

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Human Motivation, originally published in 1987, offers a broad overview of theory and research from the perspective of a distinguished psychologist whose creative empirical studies of human motives span forty years. David McClelland describes methods for measuring motives, the development of motives out of natural incentives and the relationship of motives to emotions, to values and to performance under a variety of conditions. He examines four major motive systems - achievement, power, affiliation and avoidance - reviewing and evaluating research on how these motive systems affect behaviour. Scientific understanding of motives and their interaction, he argues, contributes to understanding of such diverse and important phenomena as the rise and fall of civilisations, the underlying causes of war, the rate of economic development, the nature of leadership, the reasons for authoritarian or democratic governing styles, the determinants of success in management and the factors responsible for health and illness. Students and instructors alike will find this book an exciting and readable presentation of the psychology of human motivation.

Empirical Direction in Design and Analysis
Empirical Direction in Design and Analysis

Author: Norman H. Anderson

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2001-07-01

Total Pages: 879

ISBN-13: 1135643393

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The goal of Norman H. Anderson's new book is to help students develop skills of scientific inference. To accomplish this he organized the book around the "Experimental Pyramid"--six levels that represent a hierarchy of considerations in empirical investigation--conceptual framework, phenomena, behavior, measurement, design, and statistical inference. To facilitate conceptual and empirical understanding, Anderson de-emphasizes computational formulas and null hypothesis testing. Other features include: *emphasis on visual inspection as a basic skill in experimental analysis to help students develop an intuitive appreciation of data patterns; *exercises that emphasize development of conceptual and empirical application of methods of design and analysis and de-emphasize formulas and calculations; and *heavier emphasis on confidence intervals than significance tests. The book is intended for use in graduate-level experimental design/research methods or statistics courses in psychology, education, and other applied social sciences, as well as a professional resource for active researchers. The first 12 chapters present the core concepts graduate students must understand. The next nine chapters serve as a reference handbook by focusing on specialized topics with a minimum of technicalities.

The Criminal Brain, Second Edition
The Criminal Brain, Second Edition

Author: Nicole Rafter

Publisher: NYU Press

Published: 2016-08-30

Total Pages: 395

ISBN-13: 1479825743

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A lively, up-to-date overview of the newest research in biosocial criminology What is the relationship between criminality and biology? Nineteenth-century phrenologists insisted that criminality was innate, inherent in the offender’s brain matter. While they were eventually repudiated as pseudo-scientists, today the pendulum has swung back. Both criminologists and biologists have begun to speak of a tantalizing but disturbing possibility: that criminality may be inherited as a set of genetic deficits that place one at risk to commit theft, violence, or acts of sexual deviance. But what do these new theories really assert? Are they as dangerous as their forerunners, which the Nazis and other eugenicists used to sterilize, incarcerate, and even execute thousands of supposed “born” criminals? How can we prepare for a future in which leaders may propose crime-control programs based on biology? In this second edition of The Criminal Brain, Nicole Rafter, Chad Posick, and Michael Rocque describe early biological theories of crime and provide a lively, up-to-date overview of the newest research in biosocial criminology. New chapters introduce the theories of the latter part of the 20th century; apply and critically assess current biosocial and evolutionary theories, the developments in neuro-imaging, and recent progressions in fields such as epigenetics; and finally, provide a vision for the future of criminology and crime policy from a biosocial perspective. The book is a careful, critical examination of each research approach and conclusion. Both compiling and analyzing the body of scholarship devoted to understanding the criminal brain, this volume serves as a condensed, accessible, and contemporary exploration of biological theories of crime and their everyday relevance.