The History of Barrios Unidos: Healing Community Violence
The History of Barrios Unidos: Healing Community Violence

Author: Frank de Jesús Acosta

Publisher: Arte Publico Press

Published: 2007-03-31

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13: 9781611920482

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This is the compelling story of Barrios Unidos, the Santa Cruz-based organization founded to prevent gang violence amongst inner-city ethnic youth. An evolving grass-roots organization that grew out of the Mexican-American civil rights and anti-war movements of the 1960s and 1970s, Barrios Unidos harnessed the power of culture and spirituality to rescue at-risk young people, provide avenues to quell gang warfare, and offer a promising model for building healthy and vibrant multicultural communities. Co-founder Daniel ñNaneî Alejandrez spent his childhood following the crops from state to state with his family. His earliest recollection of ñhomeî was a tent in a labor camp. Later, he was drafted in to the Army and sent to Vietnam. ñFlying bullets, cries of anguish and being surrounded by death have a way of giving fuel to epiphany. This war made as little sense to me as the war raging on the streets of the barrios back home.î He decided that when he returned home, he would dedicate himself to peace. Nane AlejandrezÍs story of personal transformation, from heroin-addicted gang banger to social activist and youth advocate, is closely tied to that of Barrios Unidos. Through interviews, written testimonies, and documents, Frank de Jesus Acosta re-constructs the development of Barrios Unidos„or literally, united neighborhoods„from its early influences and guiding principles to its larger connection to the on-going struggle to achieve civil rights in America. Today, Barrios Unidos chapters exist in several cities around the country, including San Francisco; Venice-Los Angeles; Salinas; San Diego; Washington, DC; Yakima; San Antonio; Phoenix; and Chicago. With a foreword by Luis Rodriguez, former gang member and author of La Vida Loca: Always Running, the book also includes historical photos and commentaries by leading civil rights activists Harry Belafonte, Dolores Huerta, Tom Hayden, Manuel Pastor, and Constance Rice. Mandatory reading for anyone interested in peace and social justice, The History of Barrios Unidos gives voice to contemporary inter-generational leaders of color and will lead to the continuation of necessary public dialogue about racism, poverty, and violence.

Bang For Freedom; A Brief History of Mexican Mafia, Nuestra Familia and Latino Activism in the U.S.
Bang For Freedom; A Brief History of Mexican Mafia, Nuestra Familia and Latino Activism in the U.S.

Author: Cesar Cruz

Publisher: Lulu.com

Published: 2015-03-19

Total Pages: 91

ISBN-13: 1329002687

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This powerful book details the history of Norteno & Sureno gangs and how their split came about. It serves as an empowering historical tool for young people caught up in gangs. Includes sections on the Brown Berets, Young Lords and many freedom fighters. It is an introductory history book on Latino activism.

My Demons Were Real
My Demons Were Real

Author: Bob Ybarra

Publisher: Arte Publico Press

Published: 2010-11-30

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 1611923697

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Even as a teenager, Joseph Albert Calamia understood the need to live by the rule of law. In high school, a class bullys continual harassment of a skinny Hispanic kid led Joseph to confront him. But he wisely did so with the coachs permission, challenging the boy to a boxing match. The tormentor went down quickly and Calamia settled the score under the jurisdiction of the high school coach. Calamia began his career as a criminal defense attorney in El Paso, Texas, in 1949. He was a crusader for justice, considered by many to be akin to Don Quixote, tilting at windmills. But he disagreed, "The big difference is that my demons were real." His demons were the institutionalized practices that favored expediency over the rights of individuals; he spent his lifetime fighting to ensure peoples rights were not trampled by law makers and enforcers. A World War II veteran, Calamia grew up in El Pasos Segundo Barrio, a few blocks from the Rio Grande River that separated Mexico from the United States. He grew up in a world that expected those of Mexican descent to maintain their inferior status. But he couldnt stand by and let injustice occur without a fight. Over the course of his long career, Calamia successfully challenged a host of attacks against civil liberties, including police undercover tactics and the constitutionality of searches and seizures in drug, immigration, and other cases. Published as part of Hispanic Civil Rights Series, this enlightening book documents the efforts of one man who devoted his life to protecting the Constitution and the Bill of Rights.

The SAGE Encyclopedia of World Poverty
The SAGE Encyclopedia of World Poverty

Author: Mehmet Odekon

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Published: 2015-06-15

Total Pages: 2496

ISBN-13: 1483345718

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The SAGE Encyclopedia of World Poverty, Second Edition addresses the persistence of poverty across the globe while updating and expanding the landmark work, Encyclopedia of World Poverty, originally published in 2006 prior to the economic calamities of 2008. For instance, while continued high rates of income inequality might be unsurprising in developing countries such as Mexico, the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) reported in May 2013 even countries with historically low levels of income inequality have experienced significant increases over the past decade, including Denmark, Sweden, and Germany. The U.N. and the World Bank also emphasize the persistent nature of the problem. It is not all bad news. In March 2013, the Guardian newspaper reported, “Some of the poorest people in the world are becoming significantly less poor, according to a groundbreaking academic study which has taken a new approach to measuring deprivation. The report, by Oxford University’s poverty and human development initiative, predicts that countries among the most impoverished in the world could see acute poverty eradicated within 20 years if they continue at present rates.” On the other hand, the U.N. says environmental threats from climate change could push billions more into extreme poverty in coming decades. All of these points lead to the need for a revised, updated, and expanded edition of the Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Key Features: 775 evaluated and updated and 175 entirely new entries New Reader’s Guide categories Signed articles, with cross-references Further Readings will be accompanied by pedagogical elements Updated Chronology, Resource Guide, Glossary, and thorough new Index The SAGE Encyclopedia of World Poverty, Second Edition is a dependable source for students and researchers who are researching world poverty, making it a must-have reference for all academic libraries.

Latino Young Men and Boys in Search of Justice
Latino Young Men and Boys in Search of Justice

Author: Frank de Jesús Acosta

Publisher: Arte Público Press

Published: 2016-03-31

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 1518500358

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In “Message to My Seventeen-Year-Old Self,” Roberto Martínez, a California Correctional inmate, writes that he wishes he would have taken school more seriously. “Prison ain’t anything like the thug life lies romanticize it to be; it doesn’t make you a man.” In this compelling collection of first-person testimonials—essays, poetry and letters—Latino men and boys who have been or are incarcerated write movingly about their past and future. The book also incorporates essays by community advocates seeking criminal and juvenile justice system reform. Leaders of organizations including Barrios Unidos, Homeboy Industries, Communities United for Restorative Youth Justice and National Compadres Network contribute pieces that address issues such as culture-based healing and violence prevention. Many use artistic expression as a form of healing, and this volume includes a wide variety of art, from poetry to drawings, tattoos and murals. Acclaimed author and former gang member Luis J. Rodríguez writes in his foreword that the disproportionate number of young men of color in the justice system is rooted in economic, political and historical factors. He asserts that the United States’ punitive laws and practices—including three-strike laws, gang and gun enhancements, zero tolerance and school removals—have fueled a massive prison industrial complex, and ultimately, more gangs and violence. With the publication of this collection of first-person testimony and articles by system reform advocates, editors Frank de Jesús Acosta and Henry A.J. Ramos seek to humanize disadvantaged Latino young men and call attention to the need for a restorative rather than punitive justice system. This volume confirms that—for both the Latino community and the country as a whole—the “school-to-prison pipeline” must be closed now.

Quixote's Soldiers
Quixote's Soldiers

Author: David Montejano

Publisher: University of Texas Press

Published: 2010-06-23

Total Pages: 361

ISBN-13: 0292778643

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“Detail[s] the grassroots interplay among the variety of ideologies, individuals, and organizations that made up the Chicano movement in San Antonio, Texas.” –Journal of American History In the mid-1960s, San Antonio, Texas, was a segregated city governed by an entrenched Anglo social and business elite. The Mexican American barrios of the west and south sides were characterized by substandard housing and experienced seasonal flooding. Gang warfare broke out regularly. Then the striking farmworkers of South Texas marched through the city and set off a social movement that transformed the barrios and ultimately brought down the old Anglo oligarchy. In Quixote’s Soldiers, David Montejano uses a wealth of previously untapped sources, including the congressional papers of Henry B. Gonzalez, to present an intriguing and highly readable account of this turbulent period. Montejano divides the narrative into three parts. In the first part, he recounts how college student activists and politicized social workers mobilized barrio youth and mounted an aggressive challenge to both Anglo and Mexican American political elites. In the second part, Montejano looks at the dynamic evolution of the Chicano movement and the emergence of clear gender and class distinctions as women and ex-gang youth struggled to gain recognition as serious political actors. In the final part, Montejano analyzes the failures and successes of movement politics. He describes the work of second-generation movement organizations that made possible a new and more representative political order, symbolized by the election of Mayor Henry Cisneros in 1981. “A most welcome addition to the growing literature on the Chicana/o movement of the 1960s and 1970s.” –Pacific Historical Review

Overcoming Disparity
Overcoming Disparity

Author: Frank de Jesús Acosta

Publisher: Arte Público Press

Published: 2016-09-30

Total Pages: 173

ISBN-13: 1518500919

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Research clearly demonstrates that poverty, discrimination and related disparities such as educational attainment lead to diminished life chances for young men and boys of color. This in turn brings about an increased likelihood of at-risk behaviors, including gang involvement, violence and substance abuse. Overcoming Disparity highlights evidence-based best practices developed and employed by community-based institutions to keep low-income, Latino youth from engaging in risky behavior that leads to school dropout and involvement with the criminal justice system. Focusing on the work of a variety of expert practitioners and organizations, most notably the non-profits Communities United for Restorative Youth Justice, La Plazita Institute and National Compadres Network, this wide-ranging collection shares strategies, tools and resources used to effectively deal with the challenges faced by boys of color and empower them to lead productive lives. Based on the culturally grounded model called La Cultura Cura (or The Healing Culture), the practices outlined emphasize Chicano/Latino history and use cultural expression and ritual to educate and create self-awareness, develop community programs and advance socially focused business ventures that encourage youth and community economic development. Editors Frank de Jesús Acosta and Henry Ramos assert it is imperative that the nation’s fastest-growing community—including millions of impoverished Latino young men and boys—must be successful. “Our very future as a functioning democracy and global economic leader hangs in the balance if we cannot find a way to better harness the presently underutilized and under-resourced capacities of this population.” Including a curated sampling of leading tools, models and evaluations, Overcoming Disparity is a critically important text for policy makers, community builders, researchers, investors and others concerned about American social policy and its impact on the economy and the lives of its citizens.

Healing Movements
Healing Movements

Author: Megan S. Raschig

Publisher: NYU Press

Published: 2024-06-04

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 1479827096

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How a grassroots abolitionist project of cultural healing counters the carceral state in a Chicanx community in California For many, gang involvement can be a guaranteed life sentence, a force which traps them in an inescapable cycle of violence even if it does not lead to actual prison time. Healing Movements explores the work of formerly gang-involved Chicanx men and women in California who draw on the social connections made during their gang-involved years to forge new pathways for cultural healing and countering the carceral system. Known colloquially as the “movement of healing,” this Chicanx-Indigenous abolitionist project based in Salinas, California, was spurred on by a series of four police homicides of Latino men in 2014. Organizing around such issues as police brutality and mass incarceration, these collectives—two of which are discussed in this book, one mixed-gender, and the other women-only—turned to their often obscured Mesoamerican ancestry to find new resources for building a different future for themselves and subsequent generations. Drawing on extensive fieldwork conducted in Salinas, Healing Movements reveals how these communities have taken shape in large part through a conscious effort to uplift Chicanx-Indigenous culture and ceremonial practices. By tapping into their Indigeneity, the members of these collectives access a wealth of new resources to shape their future, opening up novel ways to organize and build strong relational ties that are noteworthy to anyone invested in abolitionist work.

Latinx Experiences
Latinx Experiences

Author: Maria J. Villasenor

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Published: 2023-09-05

Total Pages: 505

ISBN-13: 1071849492

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This contributed reader introduces students to the variety and complexity of Latinxs′ experiences in the U.S., examining a wide range of topics including immigration, citizenship, and deportation; racial identities; political participation and power; educational and economic achievement; family; religion; media and popular culture.

Beyond Machismo
Beyond Machismo

Author: Aída Hurtado

Publisher: University of Texas Press

Published: 2016-03-29

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 1477308776

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Long considered a pervasive value of Latino cultures both south and north of the US border, machismo—a hypermasculinity that obliterates any other possible influences on men’s attitudes and behavior—is still used to define Latino men and boys in the larger social narrative. Yet a closer look reveals young, educated Latino men who are going beyond machismo to a deeper understanding of women’s experiences and a commitment to ending gender oppression. This new Latino manhood is the subject of Beyond Machismo. Applying and expanding the concept of intersectionality developed by Chicana feminists, Aída Hurtado and Mrinal Sinha explain how the influences of race, class, ethnicity, sexuality, and gender shape Latinos’ views of manhood, masculinity, and gender issues in Latino communities and their acceptance or rejection of feminism. In particular, the authors show how encountering Chicana feminist writings in college, as well as witnessing the horrors of sexist oppression in the United States and Latin America, propels young Latino men to a feminist consciousness. By focusing on young, high-achieving Latinos, Beyond Machismo elucidates this social group’s internal diversity, thereby providing a more nuanced understanding of the processes by which Latino men can overcome structural obstacles, form coalitions across lines of difference, and contribute to movements for social justice.