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Author: Marko Milivojević
Publisher: Berg Publishers
Published: 1990
Total Pages: 288
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA discussion of major aspects of Switzerland's position within Europe, and the repercussions on her defence, foreign and economic policies. Issues resulting from the security problems Switzerland faces in a rapidly changing European environment are covered.
Author: Urs Loeffel
Publisher:
Published: 2010
Total Pages: 119
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis thesis explains Swiss accession to collective security organizations by analyzing key domestic and international factors relating to Switzerland's permanent neutrality. The study provides historical and theoretical background regarding the concepts of neutrality and collective security before examining the positive vote in the referendum for accession to the League of Nations in 1920, the consequent adoption of differential neutrality, and the return to traditional neutrality in 1938. The study then considers Switzerland's refusal to join the United Nations (UN) in 1945, Swiss neutrality during the Cold War, the failed UN referendum in 1986, and Swiss accession to the UN after the successful referendum in 2002. The thesis concludes that international solidarity is an inherent part of Swiss neutrality in addition to its security function. These elements together constitute a flexible neutrality conception that is capable of contributing to collective security while enjoying the safety of traditional neutrality. Changes in the international system and the institutional character of Swiss politics have significantly influenced Swiss relations with collective security organizations. Neutrality will continue to be a major factor as long as the concept is linked to national identity and the idea of a Swiss "special role."
Author: Edgar Bonjour
Publisher:
Published: 1948
Total Pages: 144
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Franz Loetscher
Publisher:
Published: 1980
Total Pages: 96
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis study examines the dilemma of a traditional neutral country between independence and interdependence. The Swiss perception of seeing themselves as a "special case" is discussed in terms of Swiss federalism, land of minorities and sense for compromise, economic dependence and neutrality. Swiss Security Policy is confronted in a case study with the scenarios of General Sir John Hackett's The Third World War and General Robert Close's Europe Without Defense. In a worsening international situation, possible Swiss security assessments, options, and methods of crisis management are discussed in order to analyze the question of the feasibility of the policy of neutrality in a future war. In the final conclusions, it is anticipated that the concepts of Swiss neutrality and security are still the best option for a small state. Several constraints are discussed that force the Swiss to adapt their policy to the current world situation: economic interweaving, new forms of international threats, and, the problems of sophisticated military technology for a militia army. Finally, recommendations concerning Switzerland and the United Nations, developing aid, and defense spending are made.
Author: Bonjour Edgar
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2019-01-15
Total Pages: 97
ISBN-13: 1351253549
DOWNLOAD EBOOKUp to a generation ago, the Swiss citizen lived with a feeling of security in foreign relations which we can hardly credit today. Neutrality has come to be taken so much for granted as the fundamental principle of the Federal constitution, and had been so generally recognized in Europe, that it seemed unthreatened and even inviolable. It blended with the republican and democratic ideal to form a national myth of almost religious sanctity. As the axiom of Swiss foreign policy, it had certainly suffered attack both in theory and in fact, but since such crises had always been successfully overcome, Switzerland’s faith in the inviolability of her neutrality had merely been confirmed. It was as if the country were girdled with high, protecting ramparts, behind which its people could go about their lawful occasions unmolested. It was in this period of calm in Switzerland’s foreign relations that international law assiduously sought a formula for the theory of neutrality.
Author: David S. Brackett
Publisher:
Published: 1997
Total Pages: 84
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Heinz Gärtner
Publisher: Lexington Books
Published: 2017-02-08
Total Pages: 229
ISBN-13: 1498546196
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe notion that neutrality is a phenomenon only relevant to the Cold War is false in many ways. The Cold War was about building blocks, neutrality about staying out of them. From 1975 until the end of the Cold War, neutral states offered mediation and good offices and fought against the stagnation of the détente policy especially in the framework of the CSCE. After the end of the Cold War, neutral states became active in peace-operations outside of military alliances. The concept of neutrality has proven time and again that it can adapt to new situations. In many ways, small neutral states have more room to maneuver than members of alliances or big powers. They have more acceptance and fewer geopolitical interests. Neutrality has been declared obsolete many times in its long and layered history., yet it has also made many comebacks in varying forms and contexts. Neutrality in the 21st century does not involve to staying out but engaging. In contrast to disengagement and staying out, engaged neutrality entails active participation in the international security policy in general and in international peace operations in particular. Engaged neutrality means involvement whenever possible and staying out only if necessary.
Author: Florian Ramos
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Published: 2022-08-12
Total Pages: 21
ISBN-13: 3346694127
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSeminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 2.0, Catholic University Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, language: English, abstract: This paper aims to examine the role of neutrality in Swiss foreign policy as some cases of foreign policy behaviour raises questions left to be answered. Focus is given on EU-foreign policy decisions concerning economic sanctions. The role of neutrality in this particular context would suggest not to follow EU sanctions since the country neither is a member of the Euro-pean Union, nor of the European Economic Area (EEA). Switzerland, furthermore, is not bound by international law to join economic sanctions of the EU. Yet, the country’s interest involves a broader spectrum of factors to be considered within its role of neutrality. The main puzzle this paper further tries to solve is concerned with economic sanctions of the EU which have been implemented by the Swiss federal government. Those sanctions mostly originate from external factors that pose threats to international, regional or domestic security. Violations of international law or aggressive foreign policy behavior also represent causes to enforce sanctions as a form of protest. Economic sanctions, thus, either target a national economy as a whole and/or certain individuals, enterprises and/or institutions in order to weaken economic or political positions. Establishing trade embargos, cutting financial aid or seizing foreign assets are named as examples. This approach is often used as a non-violent means in modern foreign policy. The EU as a political union established norms to meet common foreign policy decisions in which economic sanctions are regularly enforced. The above-mentioned EU sanctions, adopted by Switzerland, leave the following questions concerning the Swiss role of neutrality: 1. What is the definition of neutrality? 2. Does the role of neutrality implicate restrictions in joining other countries’ foreign policy stances? 3. On what grounds did Switzerland enforce economic sanctions originally established by the EU? The Swiss foreign policy stance on neutrality has long played a crucial in the nation’s history. Since the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Swiss neutrality has officially been recognized by in-ternational law. This particular foreign policy stance may have contributed to the economic and democratic development of the nation as Switzerland stayed neutral in both World Wars. The exact role of neutrality, however, has experienced frequent adjustments as the term might not indicate a clear strategy in foreign policy behavior.
Author: Peter Candidus Stocker (Historiker)
Publisher:
Published: 2000-06-01
Total Pages: 157
ISBN-13: 9781423536949
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSwitzerland was a member of the League of Nations, but has never joined the United Nations (UN). Switzerland nonetheless works closely with the UN, and the Swiss are active in the OSCE. The Swiss never tried to join NATO, but there is growing engagement in Partnership for Peace (PfP). Switzerland is an island surrounded by the European Union (EU), and still resists membership. The Swiss Government wants to join the UN and the EU, but the Swiss public, in 1986 and in 1992, said "no" to such entries, because it wants to remain neutral and to keep its political rights. The thesis examines the proposition that the new policy of "Security through Cooperation," as written in sever governmental reports, is compatible with Swiss neutrality. Therefore, the thesis examines Swiss history, the country's system, an its relationship to the UN, the OSCE, NATO, and the EU. In every step, where the Swiss Government followed the Swiss history the Good Offices, the Swiss public said "yes," in all other steps "no." The thesis shows the reasons for this development.
Author: Georges André Chevallaz
Publisher: Lexington Books
Published: 2001
Total Pages: 312
ISBN-13: 9780739102749
DOWNLOAD EBOOKProminent historian and former President of the Swiss Confederation Georges-Andr Chevallaz begins his study of Swiss neutrality during World War II with two essential questions: Why, in the face of German imperialism ”with its authoritarian, totalitarian, and racist ideology ”did Switzerland declare neutrality? Why did it not join the "camp of democracies," or the other European nations who resolved to hold firm against the Germans? Chevallaz's provocative and insightful book, presented here for the first time in English, attempts to answer these questions. Chevallaz further offers an even-handed reevaluation of the role of the principal actors in Swiss politics of the time, notably Marcel Pilet-Golaz, head of the Department of Foreign Affairs, and General Henri Guisan.
