Solvent Neurotoxicity
Solvent Neurotoxicity

Author: Peter Arlien-Soborg

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1991-12-18

Total Pages: 404

ISBN-13: 9780849362347

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Solvent Neurotoxicity presents a comprehensive summary of the latest information available regarding acute and chronic neurotoxicity of a number of solvents. Ten solvents (Chloromethane; Dichloromethane; N-Hexane; Methyl Ethyl Ketone; Methyln N-Butyl Ketone; Styrene; Toluene; 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Trichloroethylene, and Xylene) and two mixtures of solvents (White Spirit, Mixed solvent exposure) have been selected based on their widespread use, as well as the mounting evidence from research concerning the neurotoxicity of these particular solvents. Evidence is presented from animal and human experiments, clinical observations, and epidemiological studies. The various methods used to establish a neurological diagnosis are described as well, and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are discussed. Researchers involved in solvent neurotoxicological studies, occupational hygiene specialists, epidemiologists, and trade unions and industries whose members and employees work with organic solvents will find this book to be essential in determining methods for preventing chronic toxic neuropathy, encephalopathy, and other solvent-related disorders.

Behavioral Measures of Neurotoxicity
Behavioral Measures of Neurotoxicity

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1990-02-01

Total Pages: 449

ISBN-13: 0309040477

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Exposure to toxic chemicalsâ€"in the workplace and at homeâ€"is increasing every day. Human behavior can be affected by such exposure and can give important clues that a person or population is in danger. If we can understand the mechanisms of these changes, we can develop better ways of testing for toxic chemical exposure and, most important, better prevention programs. This volume explores the emerging field of neurobehavioral toxicology and the potential of behavior studies as a noninvasive and economical means for risk assessment and monitoring. Pioneers in this field explore its promise for detecting environmental toxins, protecting us from exposure, and treating those who are exposed.

Environmental Neurotoxicology
Environmental Neurotoxicology

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1992-02-01

Total Pages: 167

ISBN-13: 0309045312

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Scientists agree that exposure to toxic agents in the environment can cause neurological and psychiatric illnesses ranging from headaches and depression to syndromes resembling parkinsonism. It can even result in death at high exposure levels. The emergence of subclinical neurotoxicity-the concept that long-term impairments can escape clinical detection-makes the need for risk assessment even more critical. This volume paves the way toward definitive solutions, presenting the current consensus on risk assessment and environmental toxicants and offering specific recommendations. The book covers: The biologic basis of neurotoxicity. Progress in the application of biologic markers. Reviews of a wide range of in vitro and in vivo testing techniques. The use of surveillance and epidemiology to identify neurotoxic hazards that escape premarket screening. Research needs. This volume will be an important resource for policymakers, health specialists, researchers, and students.

Toxicologic Assessment of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8
Toxicologic Assessment of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2003-02-14

Total Pages: 229

ISBN-13: 0309168708

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This report provides a critical review of toxicologic, epidemiologic, and other relevant data on jet-propulsion fuel 8, a type of fuel in wide use by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), and an evaluation of the scientific basis of DOD's interim permissible exposure level of 350 mg/m3

Relationships of Blood and Brain Halocarbon Solvent Concentrations to Neurobehavioral Toxicity
Relationships of Blood and Brain Halocarbon Solvent Concentrations to Neurobehavioral Toxicity

Author: David Alan Warren

Publisher:

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13:

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Time-courses of blood and brain concentrations and neurobehavioral toxicity were determined for two halocarbon solvents in two rodent species. Based on these data, quantitative relationships, or the lack thereof, have been reported between the degree of neurobehavioral toxicity and internal measures of dose. In the case of orally- administered perchloroethylene (PCE), relationships between blood and brain concentrations and operant performance were not discernable, due in part to an acute adaptation of rats to PCE's response suppressing effect. For inhaled 1,1,1- trichloroethane (TRI), blood and brain concentrations were strongly correlated with the rate of operant responding in rats.

Clinical Environmental Health and Toxic Exposures
Clinical Environmental Health and Toxic Exposures

Author: John Burke Sullivan

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 1348

ISBN-13: 9780683080278

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Now in its revised and updated Second Edition, this volume is the most comprehensive and authoritative text in the rapidly evolving field of environmental toxicology. The book provides the objective information that health professionals need to prevent environmental health problems, plan for emergencies, and evaluate toxic exposures in patients.Coverage includes safety, regulatory, and legal issues; clinical toxicology of specific organ systems; emergency medical response to hazardous materials releases; and hazards of specific industries and locations. Nearly half of the book examines all known toxins and environmental health hazards. A Brandon-Hill recommended title.

Environmental Medicine
Environmental Medicine

Author: Committee on Curriculum Development in Environmental Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1995-05-12

Total Pages: 988

ISBN-13: 0309568722

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People are increasingly concerned about potential environmental health hazards and often ask their physicians questions such as: "Is the tap water safe to drink?" "Is it safe to live near power lines?" Unfortunately, physicians often lack the information and training related to environmental health risks needed to answer such questions. This book discusses six competency based learning objectives for all medical school students, discusses the relevance of environmental health to specific courses and clerkships, and demonstrates how to integrate environmental health into the curriculum through published case studies, some of which are included in one of the book's three appendices. Also included is a guide on where to obtain additional information for treatment, referral, and follow-up for diseases with possible environmental and/or occupational origins.