Primum non nocere... The fact that a surgical procedure can leave any kind of pain casts a shadow over this tenet, which is seen as the basis of medical practice and anchor of its principle ethic... It is all the more surprising in that medicine has only paid attention to this paradoxical chronic pain situation for the past few years. Clarifying the knowledge acquired in this field has become all the more urgent for any care-giver today confronted by a legitimate request from patients: Why and how can a surgical procedure, which is supposed to bring relief, leave behind an unacceptable sequela? This is the approach which the contributors to this new subject of major clinical interest invite you to follow as you work your way through this book.
Motivation is key to substance use behavior change. Counselors can support clients' movement toward positive changes in their substance use by identifying and enhancing motivation that already exists. Motivational approaches are based on the principles of person-centered counseling. Counselors' use of empathy, not authority and power, is key to enhancing clients' motivation to change. Clients are experts in their own recovery from SUDs. Counselors should engage them in collaborative partnerships. Ambivalence about change is normal. Resistance to change is an expression of ambivalence about change, not a client trait or characteristic. Confrontational approaches increase client resistance and discord in the counseling relationship. Motivational approaches explore ambivalence in a nonjudgmental and compassionate way.
Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.
Designed to save time and assist busy practitioners, this book guides standardized assessment and documentation of a patient's condition by providing ready-to-use forms that represent the 'gold standard' of current practice.
Language is crucial in child development. Therefore, general questions such as what are the possible challenges in language acquisition or such as how well the/my child is doing, are commonly present for researchers, clinicians, teachers, and parents. Parent-child interaction offers a privileged setting to observe children’s behavior in multiple communicative situations, which often is only available to the parents/caregivers. For this reason, within the broad range of methods used to assess children’s development, parental questionnaires are widely used being a non-invasive and inexpensive instrument to obtain information which is otherwise difficult to obtain. Data obtained with the many questionnaires covering various aspects of child development and communicative competence are equally relevant for basic research and everyday clinical practice. Development and use of parental questionnaires as well as data interpretation frequently require an interdisciplinary and cross-sector approach, bringing together developmental psychologists and practitioners. This interdisciplinarity is assumed but rarely addressed directly.
Geriatric assessment is an integral part of geriatric care throughout the world. The frail elderly often have multiple chronic illnesses, functional disabilities and psychosocial problems, their needs therefore extending far beyond the treatment of a single medical condition. Comprehensive assessment of such patients requires a multidisciplinary team approach and the use of an organized, efficient set of guidelines and procedures with which to identify and address potentially 'reversible' problems. The ultimate goal is then to systematically restore and maintain the functions essential to preserve quality of life. Practical Geriatric Assessment is structured for ease of quick reference. The background to each application of geriatric assessment is given first, and this is then placed in its practical context, thus providing an essential guide to the principles and methods of effective geriatric assessment.
This CD-Rom is part of the Ages & Stages Questionnaires (ASQ), a flexible, culturally sensitive system for screening infants and young children for developmental delays or concerns in the crucial first 5 years of life. The CD-Rom includes all 19 questionnaires and scoring sheets translated into Spanish, plus a Spanish translation of the intervention activity sheets found in The ASQ User's Guide. Each questionnaire covers 5 key developmental areas: communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem solving, and personal-social. Users can print an unlimited number of forms in PDF format. Some restrictions apply; ASQ is a registered trademark of Brookes Publishing Co.
This book is the first of a new series which will present the proceedings of the newly established Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series: Clinical & Performance Programme aimed at adult nutrition. Undernutrition is a common phenomenon in elderly people, and malnutrition reaches significant levels in those being in hospital, nursing homes or home care programs. Consequences of malnutrition often go unrecognised owing to the lack of specific validated instruments to assess nutritional status in frail elderly persons. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) provides a single, rapid assessment of nutritional status in the elderly of different degrees of independence, allowing the prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition to be determined and to evaluate the efficacy of nutritional intervention and strategies. Easy, quick and economical to perform, it enables staff to check the nutritional status of elderly people when they enter hospitals or institutions and to monitor changes occurring during their stay. Moreover, the MNA is predictive of the cost of care and length of stay in hospital. This publication will be of immense assistance to heads of geriatric teaching units, teachers in nutrition, clinicians general practitioners and dieticians, enabling them to better detect, recognise and start treatment of malnutrition in the elderly.
