Paleogenetics of Northern Iberian from Neolithic to Chalcolithic Time

Paleogenetics of Northern Iberian from Neolithic to Chalcolithic Time

Author: Montserrat Hervella

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Dynamics of the Neolithic transition across Europe using ancient DNA datasets have established that Neolithic European populations received a limited amount of admixture from resident hunter-gatherers. However, the genetic diversity of Neolithic and Chalcolithic human populations was shaped predominantly by local processes. In the Iberian Peninsula, the Cantabrian fringe showed different proportions of local hunter-gatherers' ancestry through time. The objective of this chapter is to analyze the mitochondrial variation of populations from the northern Iberian Peninsula from Neolithic to Chalcolithic time using new data from El Aramo mine (Asturias), in the context of the debate about the origin and dispersion of the Beaker culture in Europe.


Prehistoric Iberia

Prehistoric Iberia

Author: Antonio Arnaiz-Villena

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 270

ISBN-13: 1461542316

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The symposium "Prehistoric Iberia: genetics, anthropology and linguistics" was held in the Circulo de Bellas Artes, Madrid on 16th -17th November 1998. The idea was bringing together specialists who could address not clearly resolved historic and prehistoric issues regarding ancient Iberian and Mediterranean populations, following a multidisciplinary approach. This was necessary in the light of the new bulk of genetic, archeological and linguistic data obtained with the new DNA technology and the recent discoverings in the other fields. Genes may now be easily studied in populations, particularly HLA genes and markers of the mitochondrial DNA and the Y chromosome. Basques, Iberians, North Africans, Berbers (Imazighen) and Mediterraneans have presently been widely studied. The genetic emerging picture is that Mediterraneans are closely related from West (Basque, Iberians, Berbers) to East (Jews, Lebanese, Cretans); however, Greeks are outliers in all the analyses done by using HLA genes. Anthropologists and archeologists showed how there was no people substitution during the revolutionary Mesolithic-Neolithic transition; in addition, cultural relationships were found between Iberia and predinastic Egypt (EI Badari culture). Basque language translation into Spanish has been the key for relating most Mediterranean extinct languages. The Usko-Mediterranean languages were once spoken in a wide African and European area, which also included parts of Asia. This was the "old language" that was slowly substituted by Eurasian languages starting approximately after the Bronze Age (or 2,000 years BC).


Mitochondrial DNA

Mitochondrial DNA

Author: Herve Seligmann

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2018-10-31

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 1789842654

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The very short genomes of mitochondria summarize the complexity of molecular biology and its interactions with cellular and whole organism biology. Studies of mitogenomes contribute to the understanding of molecular biology and evolution, and to health management. Despite or even due to their small sizes, mitogenomes continue to surprise us. Studies of mitogenomes reveal the details of molecular organization and its evolution under constraints for miniaturization.


Social Inequality in Iberian Late Prehistory

Social Inequality in Iberian Late Prehistory

Author: Pedro Díaz-del-Río

Publisher: BAR International Series

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13:

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This book includes papers from the session 'Social Inequality in Iberian Late Prehistory' presented at the Congress of Peninsular Archaeology, Faro, 2004.


The Origins of Complex Societies in Late Prehistoric Iberia

The Origins of Complex Societies in Late Prehistoric Iberia

Author: Katina T. Lillios

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13:

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This volume presents the fruits of recent research on the origins and evolution of social complexity in late prehistoric Iberia. It seeks to trace regional processes of cultural evolution between the Neolithic and Bronze Age, as well as to explore the articulation of social complexity with the environment, economy and technology.


Embracing Bell Beaker

Embracing Bell Beaker

Author: Jos Kleijne

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 306

ISBN-13:

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This book investigates how local communities across Europe adopt the Bell Beaker phenomenon during the 3rd millennium BC.


Analytical Chemistry for Cultural Heritage

Analytical Chemistry for Cultural Heritage

Author: Rocco Mazzeo

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-01-25

Total Pages: 370

ISBN-13: 3319528041

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The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience.Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.


DNA Genealogy

DNA Genealogy

Author: Anatole A. Klyosov

Publisher: Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA

Published: 2018-12-29

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13: 1618966197

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DNA genealogy is a new field of science which considers patterns of mutations, which are different in different human lineages, in the DNA of present-day humans and of our ancient ancestors. Since the DNA is often preserved in ancient excavated bones, including those in archaeological burials, and can be recovered and studied, this approach allows us to compare the mutation patterns in the course of centuries and millennia. This in turn provides us with a knowledge of how often the mutations occur, that they are gradually changed over centuries and millennia, and, hence, calibrate the rate of mutations in various sites of the DNA in terms of time. In other words, it gives us a “molecular tool” aiming at establishing chronology of events along the ancient history of the humankind. Since the DNA is a molecule, DNA genealogy is also called the “Molecular History”. This is a subject of this book. The book begins with an explanation of what is a nature of mutations in the DNA, why the mutations are random, how to measure their rates, in terms of how many mutations occur in the DNA over centuries and millennia, therefore, to calculate their mutation rate constants. This first part of the book provides the reader with many examples of how DNA genealogy employs the mutation rates to uncover hidden puzzles of ancient human history, such as when Homo sapiens first appeared, who were ancient Europeans, Asians, Africans, Americans compared with their present-day descendants in terms of their DNA lineages, and introduces a rather simple calculator which everyone can run on their personal computer devices, iPhones, etc. to conduct such calculations of ancient chronology. Subsequent chapters of the book consider such controversial issues as whether early people came “out of Africa” or “into Africa” (both hypotheses have their supporters among scientists), who were the ancient Aryans and why their language obtained – much later – a name “Indo-European”, where was a homeland of a majority of nowadays Europeans and Native Americans (a hint – South Siberia), who were ancient Jews and Arabs and when their actual common ancestor lived, what DNA was revealed from a few Khazar burials, why look-alike ancient ceramics, made many thousand years ago, was found both in Europe and Asia, how ancient and contemporary languages are connected with the DNA of people, both ancient and contemporary. The book is targeted for multidisciplinary scientists as well as students and advanced general readership.


Biomolecular Archaeology

Biomolecular Archaeology

Author: T. A. Brown

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2011-02-08

Total Pages: 388

ISBN-13: 1444392433

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Illustrated thoroughly, Biomolecular Archaeology is the first book to clearly guide students through the study of ancient DNA: how to analyze biomolecular evidence (DNA, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates) to address important archaeological questions. The first book to address the scope and methods of this new cross-disciplinary area of research for archaeologists Offers a completely up-to-date overview of the latest research in this innovative subject Guides students who wish to become biomolecular archaeologists through the complexities of both the scientific methods and archaeological goals. Provides an essential component to undergraduate and graduate archaeological research


The Prehistory of Iberia

The Prehistory of Iberia

Author: María Cruz Berrocal

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-03-05

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 1135098018

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The origin and early development of social stratification is essentially an archaeological problem. The impressive advance of archaeological research has revealed that, first and foremost, the pre-eminence of stratified or class society in today’s world is the result of a long social struggle. This volume advances the archaeological study of social organisation in Prehistory, and more specifically the rise of social complexity in European Prehistory. Within the wider context of world Prehistory, in the last 30 years the subject of early social stratification and state formation has been a key subject on interest in Iberian Prehistory. This book illustrates the differing forms of resistances, the interplay between change and continuity, the multiple paths to and from social complexity, and the ‘failures’ of states to form in Prehistory. It also engages with broader questions, such as: when did social stratification appear in western European Prehistory? What factors contributed to its emergence and consolidation? What are the relationships between the notions of social complexity, social inequality, social stratification and statehood? And what are the archaeological indicators for the empirical analysis of these issues? Focusing on Iberia, but with a permanent connection to the wider geographical framework, this book presents, for the first time, a chronologically comprehensive, up-to-date approach to the issue of state formation in prehistoric Europe.