Negative Affective States and Cognitive Impairments in Nicotine Dependence

Negative Affective States and Cognitive Impairments in Nicotine Dependence

Author: F. Scott Hall

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2016-08-17

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 0128026693

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Negative Affective States and Cognitive Impairments in Nicotine Dependence is the only book of its kind that addresses nicotine use and abuse in the context of negative reinforcement mechanisms. Written and edited by leading investigators in addiction, affective, genetic, and cognitive research, it provides researchers and advanced students with an overview of the clinical bases of these effects, allowing them to fully understand the various underlying dysfunctions that drive nicotine use in different individuals. In addition, this book examines animal models that researchers have utilized to investigate the biological bases of these dysfunctions. The combination of clinical and preclinical approaches to understanding nicotine dependence makes this book an invaluable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to develop targeted treatments aimed at ameliorating symptoms of nicotine dependence, as well as identifying premorbid differences in affective or cognitive function. - Provides a unique perspective on nicotine dependence that emphasizes negative reinforcement rather than positive reinforcement - Examines psychiatric comorbidities and alleviation of withdrawal states as motivation for continued tobacco use - Includes both clinical and preclinical perspectives - Includes genetic and multi-neurotransmitter perspectives on nicotine use and withdrawal - Emphasizes heterogeneity of underlying reasons for smoking, the need for multiple animal models to understand this heterogeneity, and the expectation of heterogeneous responses to potential treatments, underscoring the need for personalized therapeutics


Principles of Psychiatric Genetics

Principles of Psychiatric Genetics

Author: John I. Nurnberger

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2012-09-13

Total Pages: 415

ISBN-13: 0521896495

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A comprehensive, up-to-date resource providing information about genetic influences on disorders of behavior.


How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 728

ISBN-13:

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This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.


Tobacco and Health

Tobacco and Health

Author: K. Slama

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 1080

ISBN-13: 9780306451119

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Over 1,100 delegates from a hundred countries attended the 9th World Conference onTobaccoandHealth. Afterfivedaysofdebate, severalimportantresolutionswereadopted unanimously and will be landmarks in the fight against tobacco. This great success is due to three facts which emerged from the discussions: 1. Itappears clearlynowthattherisksassociated withtobaccoaremuchgreaterthan previously assumed. Out of two regular smokers, one will die from a tobacco­ related disease. 2. Reducing tobacco consumption can be achieved but the data collected in several countriesshowthatitrequiresaglobalstrategy.Thisstrategywasmuchdebatedduring theconference. Theresolutionsadoptedemphasizetheagreementofthedelegateson themainpoints. Actionto fight thegrowingepidemicoftobacco-attributabledisease and death involves convincing the general public, the medical community and decision-makers ofthe need to act for tobacco control. The most efficient tools for helping individuals never to start or successfully to stop using tobacco should be developed; effective tobacco control endeavors are required to counteractthe actions ofthe powerful and influential tobacco manufacturers. With the help and under the aegis ofWHO, DICC, IUATLD, ISFC, IOCD, and IUHPE, an international alliance for health and against tobacco shouldunite all those who are engaged in this fight.


Nicotine in Psychiatry

Nicotine in Psychiatry

Author: Melissa P. Piasecki

Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub

Published: 2008-11-01

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 1585628298

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Today, 25% of Americans smoke and 50% of smokers die from tobacco-related illnesses. Meanwhile, little attention has been given to implementing cessation therapies for our patients who smoke. Nicotine in Psychiatry: Psychopathology and Emerging Therapeutics examines this timely subject. The book's contributors, subject matter experts in the growing field of nicotine neurobiology andclinical pharmacology, cover the latest knowledge on The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nicotine The effect of nicotinic receptors on the central nervous system (CNS), the recent advances made in understanding the normal function of these receptors, and how this knowledge transfers to the clinical treatment of many CNS disorders Behavioral factors influencing the effects of nicotine and nicotine's addictive capacity The association between smoking and specific mental disorders and the association between nicotine and mood Clinical applications of nicotine as a potential therapeutic agent for a variety of disorders, such as attention deficit, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, epilepsy, inflammatory bowel disease, schizophrenia, and Tourette's syndrome Nicotine replacement therapies and various smoking-cessation strategies This book makes fascinating reading for anyone interested in the recent tobacco public policy debates, as well as clinicians and researchers looking for current information on nicotine and its clinical applications.


Treatment Strategies for Patients with Psychiatric Comorbidity

Treatment Strategies for Patients with Psychiatric Comorbidity

Author: Scott Wetzler

Publisher:

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13:

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While many psychiatrists and psychologists tend to diagnose and treat a principle disorder, most psychiatric patients have more than one disorder. This book deals with treatment needs of psychiatric patients who meet diagnostic criteria for more than one disorder concurrently.


Contemporary Issues in Modeling Psychopathology

Contemporary Issues in Modeling Psychopathology

Author: Michael S. Myslobodsky

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 350

ISBN-13: 1475748604

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Despite considerable progress in clinical and basic neurosciences, the cure of psychiatric disorders is still remote, little is known about their prevention, and the etiology and molecular mechanisms of mental disorders are still obscure. Diagnoses are still guided by patients' stories. The mission of animal models is to bridge the gap between `the story and the synapse.' Contemporary Issues in Modeling of Psychopathology attempts to do this by examining such questions as `What good might come from such a model? Are we wasting our time? How far can we carry results from model animals, such as rats and mice, without causing a highly distorted view of the field and its goals?' This book serves as the opening volume for a new series, Neurobiological Foundation of Aberrant Behaviors.


WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2019

WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2019

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher:

Published: 2020-01-10

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 9789241516204

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The report "Offering help to quit tobacco use" tracks the status of the tobacco epidemic and interventions to combat it. The report finds that more countries have implemented tobacco control policies, ranging from graphic pack warnings and advertising bans to no smoking areas. About 5 billion people - 65% of the world's population - are covered by at least one comprehensive tobacco control measure, which has more than quadrupled since 2007 when only 1 billion people and 15% of the world's population were covered.


Neuroscience of Nicotine

Neuroscience of Nicotine

Author: Victor R Preedy

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2019-03-20

Total Pages: 568

ISBN-13: 0128130369

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Neuroscience of Nicotine: Mechanisms and Treatment presents the fundamental information necessary for a thorough understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of nicotine addiction and its effects on the brain. Offering thorough coverage of all aspects of nicotine research, treatment, policy and prevention, and containing contributions from internationally recognized experts, the book provides students, early-career researchers, and investigators at all levels with a fundamental introduction to all aspects of nicotine misuse. With an estimated one billion individuals worldwide classified as tobacco users—and tobacco use often being synonymous with nicotine addiction—nicotine is one of the world's most common addictive substances, and a frequent comorbidity of misuse of other common addictive substances. Nicotine alters a variety of neurological processes, from molecular biology, to cognition, and quitting is exceedingly difficult because of the number of withdrawal symptoms that accompany the process. - Integrates cutting-edge research on the pharmacological, cellular and molecular aspects of nicotine use, along with its effects on neurobiological function - Discusses nicotine use as a component of dual-use and poly addictions and outlines numerous screening and treatment strategies for misuse - Covers both the physical and psychological effects of nicotine use and withdrawal to provide a fully-formed view of nicotine dependency and its effects


Combating Tobacco Use in Military and Veteran Populations

Combating Tobacco Use in Military and Veteran Populations

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2009-10-21

Total Pages: 381

ISBN-13: 0309146844

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The health and economic costs of tobacco use in military and veteran populations are high. In 2007, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) make recommendations on how to reduce tobacco initiation and encourage cessation in both military and veteran populations. In its 2009 report, Combating Tobacco in Military and Veteran Populations, the authoring committee concludes that to prevent tobacco initiation and encourage cessation, both DoD and VA should implement comprehensive tobacco-control programs.