This book of essays is a hodgepodge of topics. It contains essays on education, ethics, animal rights, Common Core State Standards, and government, among others.
A companion volume to Free Will: A Philosophical Study, this new anthology collects influential essays on free will, including both well-known contemporary classics and exciting recent work. Agency and Responsibility: Essays on the Metaphysics of Freedom is divided into three parts. The essays in the first section address metaphysical issues concerning free will and causal determinism. The second section groups papers presenting a positive account of the nature of free action, including competing compatibilist and incompatibilist analyses. The third section concerns free will and moral responsibility, including theories of moral responsibility and the challenge to an alternative possibilities condition posed by Frankurt-type scenarios. Distinguished by its balance and consistently high quality, the volume presents papers selected for their significance, innovation, and clarity of expression. Contributors include Harry Frankfurt, Peter van Inwagen, David Lewis, Elizabeth Anscombe, John Martin Fischer, Michael Bratman, Roderick Chisholm, Robert Kane, Peter Strawson, and Susan Wolf. The anthology serves as an up-to-date resource for scholars as well as a useful text for courses in ethics, philosophy of religion, or metaphysics. In addition, paired with Free Will: A Philosophical Study, it would form an excellent upper-level undergraduate or graduate-level course in free will, responsibility, motivation, or action theory.
1 Historical Introduction INTRODUCTION This chapter is mainly about the history of medicine and its ethics. As usually c- ceived, history is retrograde: It is what happened yesterday, and, much as we may try, it is what happened yesterday seen with a set of today’s eyes. Trying to understand yesterday’s culture may help us put on a pair of corrective glasses, but it fails in - tirely correcting our vision. Contemporary cultural anthropology may likewise help us understand the way today’s events and cultural habits shape what we call history tomorrow. Past events and the kaleidoscopic pattern of today’s cultures may help guide us into a future that in at least some respects is ours to forge. Learning about ethics yesterday and thinking about ethics as it expresses itself in various cultures today can help us shape the ethics of tomorrow: This is true whether we are speaking of that part of social ethics called “medical” or of any other part of social ethics. The social aspects of medical practice—how the institution called medicine fits into and works within the greater society called culture—shape the way its ethics ultimately must play itself out.
This book is the scientific summary of the authors treatment experience on oncology surgery during his 50 years of oncology surgical practice and of the author's research achievement during his 20 years of animal cancer experimentation and clinical research. The book is divided into 38 chapters in which the author demonstrates innovative concepts of cancer therapy including a new cognition of cancer etiology and pathogenesis, new concepts and methods of cancer therapy and anti-cancer metastasis and recurrence. The author also demonstrates experimental information and analysis of clinically testified results and new ways of conquering the cancers from many aspects. The cancer existing in the human body has three forms: the two points and a line, and eight steps and three stages of carcinoma metastasis, the third field of anti-carcinoma-metastasis and recurrence treatment, three Steps of therapy of carcinoma metastasis, etc. It includes both the review and recall of traditional surgical and chemotherapy and radioactive therapy and the summary and analysis of the experimental information and clinical testifying results for XZ-C immunologic regulation and control anti-carcinoma traditional Chineses medicine which the author purified from the Chinese herbs. In addition, in this book the author added the scientific methods of the cancer therapy and the strategies and suggests for the overcoming the cancer development. Some part contents of this book have generated great attention in the international field of oncology. In this book the contents are creative and the ideas are new and the theories are related to the practices. There are extremely high scientific value and clinical application, which is a value reference for clinical oncologist, oncology specialists and oncology scientific researcher and the family and caregivers of the cancer patients.
Charging Interest explores the explosive tract written by Martin Luther which summarizes his views on poverty caused by an economic system that stopped caring for the well-being of God's children. Luther exhorts clergy to ex-communicate those causing poverty through their ruthless economic behavior or risk God's judgment alongside the perpetrators.
Available in a new digital edition with reflowable text suitable for e-readers This collection contains twenty-one thought-provoking essays on the controversies surrounding the moral and legal distinctions between euthanasia and "letting die." Since public awareness of this issue has increased this second edition includes nine entirely new essays which bring the treatment of the subject up-to-date. The urgency of this issue can be gauged in recent developments such as the legalization of physician-assisted suicide in the Netherlands, "how-to" manuals topping the bestseller charts in the United States, and the many headlines devoted to Dr. Jack Kevorkian, who has assisted dozens of patients to die. The essays address the range of questions involved in this issue pertaining especially to the fields of medical ethics, public policymaking, and social philosophy. The discussions consider the decisions facing medical and public policymakers, how those decisions will affect the elderly and terminally ill, and the medical and legal ramifications for patients in a permanently vegetative state, as well as issues of parent/infant rights. The book is divided into two sections. The first, "Euthanasia and the Termination of Life-Prolonging Treatment" includes an examination of the 1976 Karen Quinlan Supreme Court decision and selections from the 1990 Supreme Court decision in the case of Nancy Cruzan. Featured are articles by law professor George Fletcher and philosophers Michael Tooley, James Rachels, and Bonnie Steinbock, with new articles by Rachels, and Thomas Sullivan. The second section, "Philosophical Considerations," probes more deeply into the theoretical issues raised by the killing/letting die controversy, illustrating exceptionally well the dispute between two rival theories of ethics, consequentialism and deontology. It also includes a corpus of the standard thought on the debate by Jonathan Bennet, Daniel Dinello, Jeffrie Murphy, John Harris, Philipa Foot, Richard Trammell, and N. Ann Davis, and adds articles new to this edition by Bennett, Foot, Warren Quinn, Jeff McMahan, and Judith Lichtenberg.
In this provocative book, philosopher Nicholas Agar defends the idea that parents should be allowed to enhance their children’s characteristics. Gets away from fears of a Huxleyan ‘Brave New World’ or a return to the fascist eugenics of the past Written from a philosophically and scientifically informed point of view Considers real contemporary cases of parents choosing what kind of child to have Uses ‘moral images’ as a way to get readers with no background in philosophy to think about moral dilemmas Provides an authoritative account of the science involved, making the book suitable for readers with no knowledge of genetics Creates a moral framework for assessing all new technologies
Marshall, a physician and author, details the five steps that can be taken at grass-roots levels in order to prevent wars. One of those keys is the enforcement worldwide of Dr. Marshall's "Peace Law," which makes the serious advocacy or initiation of violence illegal.