Presenting current knowledge in the field of mudflows, this book includes both rheological mudflow aspects, and information on mudflow characteristics in open channels. It includes sections on: · physical properties of suspensions · shear rheometry with suspensions · rheology of clay-water mixtures · rheology of mud suspensions · gradually and rapidly varied free surface flows Part of the IAHR Monograph Series, this informative book also includes fundamental equations for viscoplastic flows and provides the reader with helpful introductions to all the aspects it covers.
Presenting current knowledge in the field of mudflows, this book includes both rheological mudflow aspects, and information on mudflow characteristics in open channels. It includes sections on: · physical properties of suspensions · shear rheometry with suspensions · rheology of clay-water mixtures · rheology of mud suspensions · gradually and rapidly varied free surface flows Part of the IAHR Monograph Series, this informative book also includes fundamental equations for viscoplastic flows and provides the reader with helpful introductions to all the aspects it covers.
Rheology: Concepts, Methods and Applications, Third Edition provides a thorough historical and theoretical grounding in the field, and introduces rheology as the method of solving many practical problems in materials science and engineering. The book is practical and relevant for industry, but is also consistent with rheology courses in academia, making it relevant to both academics and accomplished rheologists in industry. The first four chapters discuss various aspects of theoretical rheology and, through examples from numerous studies, show how particular theories, models, or equations can be used in solving different problems. The shared experience and insight contained in these chapters assists practitioners carrying out rheological studies in generating relevant data. This helps to avert costly errors in analysis which are common when data are generated under the wrong conditions, or are incorrectly used. The fifth chapter covers methods of measurement and treatment of raw data—eight groups of methods are discussed in this chapter, providing the reader with many options for experimentation, along with guidance on where and how to use them properly. The final chapter demonstrates how to use rheological methods for different groups of products and manufacturing methods. The usefulness of chemorheological (rheokinetical) measurements is also emphasized. The chapter has a particular emphasis on real-world applications of rheology, and gives practical guidance to enable materials scientists to gather data and solve problems using these methods. This book is a systematic presentation of the subject of rheology—written by two of the foremost researchers in the field—showing the subject as an interrelated system of concepts, principal phenomena, experimental methods, and directions of their application. It also links with other branches of theoretical and applied sciences. - Provides substantial experience and insight to assist rheologists working in a range of industries to generate relevant data, avoiding costly errors in analysis - Includes eight groups of measurement methods, providing the reader with options so they can choose the most effective for their situation - Offers thorough coverage of different applications of rheology, demonstrating how to use rheological methods for different products—from polymeric materials to food products, biological fluids, and electro and magnetic materials
There are few comprehensive books on the market on the subject of Rheology -- the complex science dealing with flow and deformation of matter -- and these are several years old. At least now there is a book that explains the meaning of a science that many scientists need to use but only a few can fully grasp. It does so by striking the balance between oversimplification and overload of theory in a very compelling and readable manner. The authors' systematic presentation enables the authors to include all components of Rheology in one volume. The first four chapters of this book discuss various aspects of theoretical Rheology and, by examples of many studies, show how particular theory, model, or equation can be used in solving different problems. The main emphasis is on liquids, but solid materials are discussed in one full chapter as well. Methods of measurement and raw data treatment are included in one large chapter which constitutes more than one quarter of the book. Eight groups of methods are discussed giving many choices for experimentation and guidance on where and how to use them properly. The final chapter shows how to use rheological methods in different groups of products and methods of their manufacture. Usefulness of chemorheological (rheokinetical) measurements is also emphasized. This chapter continues with examples of purposeful applications in practical matters.
The International Conference on Hydrodynamics is an increasingly important event at which academics, researchers and practitioners can exchange new ideas and their research findings. This volume contains papers from the 2004 conference covering a wide range of subjects within hydrodynamics, including traditional engineering, architectural and mechanical issues as well as significant new technologies and methodologies such as bio-fluid mechanics and computational fluid mechanics.
This book focuses on the fundamentals of sediment transport in surface waters. It covers sediment properties, open channel flows, sediment particle settling, incipient motion, bed forms, bed load, suspended load, total load, cohesive sediments, water-sediment two-phase flows, hyperconcentrated flows, debris flows, wave-induced sediment transport, turbidity currents, and physical modeling. Besides the primary context of river sedimentation, this book extensively covers sediment transport under coexisting waves and currents in coasts and estuaries, hyperconcentrated and debris flows in rivers, as well as turbidity currents in lakes, reservoirs, channels, and the ocean. It includes a chapter on the water-sediment two-phase flow theory, which is considered the basis of many sediment transport models. It introduces some special topics have that emerged in recent years, such as the transport of mixed cohesive and noncohesive sediments, biofilm-coated sediments, and infiltrated sand within gravel and cobble beds. The text merges classical and new knowledge of sediment transport from various sources in English and non-English literature and includes important contributions made by many scientists and engineers from all over the world. It balances the breadth, depth, fundamental importance, practical applicability, and future advancement of the covered knowledge, and can be used as a text and reference book. The chapters are arranged in a useful sequence for teaching purposes. Certain homework problems are prepared, which also highlight the important topics for instructors to select. Solutions to homework problems are available from the author by request.
Together with turbulence, multiphase flow remains one of the most challenging areas of computational mechanics and experimental methods and numerous problems remain unsolved to date. Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology, at all length scales and flow regimes. The fluids involved can be compressible or incompressible, linear or nonlinear. Because of the complexity of the problems, it is often essential to utilize advanced computational and experimental methods to solve the complex equations that describe them. Challenges in these simulations include modelling and tracking interfaces, dealing with multiple length scales, modelling nonlinear fluids, treating drop breakup and coalescence, characterizing phase structures, and many others. Experimental techniques, although expensive and difficult to perform, are essential to validate models. This book contains papers presented at the Fifth International Conference on Computational Methods in Multiphase Flow, which are grouped into the following topics: Multiphase Flow Simulation; Interaction of Gas, Liquids and Solids; Turbulent Flow; Environmental Multiphase Flow; Bubble and Drop Dynamics; Flow in Porous Media; Heat Transfer; Image Processing; Interfacial Behaviour.
This book contains papers presented at Second International Conference on Debris Flow including all aspects of Debris Flow Monitoring, Modelling, Hazard Assessment, Mitigation Measures, Case Studies and Extreme Events, Erosion, Slope Instability and Sediment Transport, held in the New Forest, UK in 2008 and organised by the Wessex Institute of Technology, with the co-sponsorship of EurAgEng (European Society of Agricultural Engineers) and CIGR (International Commission of Agricultural Engineering). Due to the increased frequency with which debris and hyper-concentrated flows occur and the impact they have on both the environment and human life, in recent years these extreme events and related processes have attracted increasing attention from research groups, land planning and management professionals The objective of the Meeting was to provide a forum for engineers, scientists and managers from laboratories, industry, government and academia to interchange knowledge and expertise in the field of dense and hyper-concentrated flows. A full understanding of these phenomena leads to a new integrated risk management approach which provides measures for preventing a hazard turning into a natural disaster.
The knowledge of the characteristics of the fluids and their ability to transport substances and physical properties is relevant for us. However, the quantification of the movements of fluids is a complex task, and when considering natural flows, occurring in large scales (rivers, lakes, oceans), this complexity is evidenced. This book presents conclusions about different aspects of flows in natural water bodies, such as the evolution of plumes, the transport of sediments, air-water mixtures, among others. It contains thirteen chapters, organized in four sections: Tidal and Wave Dynamics: Rivers, Lakes and Reservoirs, Tidal and Wave Dynamics: Seas and Oceans, Tidal and Wave Dynamics: Estuaries and Bays, and Multiphase Phenomena: Air-Water Flows and Sediments. The chapters present conceptual arguments, experimental and numerical results, showing practical applications of the methods and tools of Hydrodynamics.
This book covers a range of topics that are of increasing importance in engineering practice: natural hazards, pollution, and environmental protection through good practice. The first half of the book deals with natural risk factors, of both natural and human origin, that should be considered: subsidence, accidental infiltration, soil instability, rockslides and mudslides, debris flow, and degradation of buildings and monuments due to pollution and climactic effects, for example. These problems are highlighted and it is shown that a combination of sophisticated numerical techniques and extensive experimental investigations are necessary in order to effectively tackle these problems. The second half of the book is devoted to the use of polluted sites and associated problems, a topic of growing significance given the increasing reclamation of land from abandoned industrial sites for urban development over the last 20 years. Different types of oil pollution and decontamination methods are described, followed by a discussion of waste management and detailed coverage of confinement liners used in surface waste disposal.
