Architecture des plantes et production végétale
Architecture des plantes et production végétale

Author: Philippe de Reffye

Publisher: Editions Quae

Published: 2018-05-15

Total Pages: 362

ISBN-13: 2759226204

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Comment modéliser la production végétale en utilisant les concepts de l’architecture des plantes ? Rédigé par des botanistes, des agronomes, des mathématiciens et des informaticiens, cet ouvrage considère l’architecture d’une plante comme le résultat de la dynamique de ses organes, en lien avec la particularité du modèle architectural propre à son espèce. Il rend compte des principaux fondements de la modélisation des plantes et décrit les principales applications de cette démarche.

From Models to Simulations
From Models to Simulations

Author: Franck Varenne

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-09-03

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 1351660934

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This book analyses the impact computerization has had on contemporary science and explains the origins, technical nature and epistemological consequences of the current decisive interplay between technology and science: an intertwining of formalism, computation, data acquisition, data and visualization and how these factors have led to the spread of simulation models since the 1950s. Using historical, comparative and interpretative case studies from a range of disciplines, with a particular emphasis on the case of plant studies, the author shows how and why computers, data treatment devices and programming languages have occasioned a gradual but irresistible and massive shift from mathematical models to computer simulations. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

REPRESENTATION ET SIMULATION DE CROISSANCE DES VEGETAUX
REPRESENTATION ET SIMULATION DE CROISSANCE DES VEGETAUX

Author: Marc Jaeger

Publisher:

Published: 1987

Total Pages: 167

ISBN-13:

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L'IMAGE DE SYNTHESE SE HEURTE A LA REPRESENTATION DES VEGETAUX, ETRES COMPLEXES, VARIES ET EVOLUTIFS. LE MODELE DEVELOPPE ICI UTILISE UNE MODELISATION FINE DE L'ARCHITECTURE DES VEGETAUX A PARTIR DE DEUX APPROCHES COMPLEMEZNTAIRES. LA PREMIERE, BOTANIQUE, DECRIT LES HIERARCHIES ET PROCESSUS INTERVENANT DANS L'ELABORATION DE L'ARCHITECTURE DES VEGETAUX: LA DEUXIEME, DE NATURE MATHEMATIQUE, DEFINIT L'ARCHITECTURE D'UNE PLANTE PRECISE PAR DES LOIS STOCHASTIQUES DE CROISSANCE, DE VIABILITE ET DE RAMIFICATION DES BOURGEONS. LA TRADUCTION INFORMATIQUE DU MODELE ABOUTIT A UN GENERATEUR DE VEGETAUX COMPOSE D'UN MOTEUR DE CROISSANCE (QUI DETERMINE L'EVOLUTION TOPOLOGIQUE DE LA PLANTE) ET DE FONCTIONS GEOMETRIQUE (QUI DEFINISSENT LES DIRECTIONS DE DEVELOPPEMENT ET L'EFFET DE LA PESANTEUR)

Agroforestry: Science, Policy and Practice
Agroforestry: Science, Policy and Practice

Author: Fergus L. Sinclair

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 9401706816

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Agroforestry research is central to developing methods for the sustainable use of natural renewable resources, evolving to address the needs of the coming century. It is now necessary to consolidate the scientific gains now being made in process-oriented research and to develop a policy framework to encourage the adoption of sustainable land use practices. Agroforestry plays an important role in conserving forest resources, reducing the need for deforestation. Further, if `forest' is broadly defined as tree cover, agroforestry will also increase the proportion of woody biomass in farming landscapes. The papers selected for inclusion in Agroforestry: Science, Policy, and Practice establish agroforestry as an interdisciplinary science focused on the practical imperative of assisting farmers, forest dwellers and landscape-level planners to achieve sustainable food, fuel and timber production into the 21st century.

The Supporting Roots of Trees and Woody Plants: Form, Function and Physiology
The Supporting Roots of Trees and Woody Plants: Form, Function and Physiology

Author: A. Stokes

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-04-17

Total Pages: 411

ISBN-13: 9401734690

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This publication comprises the proceedings of the first International Conference devoted to the structural roots of trees and woody plants. 'The Supporting Roots - Structure and Function,' 20-24 July 1998, Bordeaux, France. The meeting was held under the auspices ofIUFRO WPS 2. 01. 13 'Root Physiology and Symbiosis,' and its aim was to bring together scientific researchers, foresters and arboriculturalists, to discuss current problems in structural root research and disseminate knowledge to an audience from a wide disciplinary background. For the first time in an international conference, emphasis was placed on presenting recent reseach in the field of tree anchorage mechanics and root biomechanics. The way in which tree stability can be affected by root system symmetry and architecture was addressed, as well as how movement during wind sway can influence the development and shape of woody roots. The role of different nursery and planting techniques was discussed, in relation to effects on root system form and development. Root response to different environmental stresses, including water, temperature, nutrient and mechanical stress was addressed in detail. The structure and function of woody roots was also considered at different levels, from coarse to fine roots, with several papers discussing the interaction between roots and the rhizosphere. One of the conference highlights was the presentation of new methods in root research, by a series of workshops held at LRBB-INRA, Pierroton, on the northern border of the Gascony forest.

Cyberworlds
Cyberworlds

Author: Tosiyasu L. Kunii

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 4431679413

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The worlds synthesized in the cyberspaces of networked computers are the theme of Cyberworlds. Cyberspaces have come into prominence with the de velopment of the Internet and are expected to expand drastically with the emergence of national and international information systems. The purpose is to discover the architecture and design of cy of the book Cyberworlds berworlds by synthesizing worlds in cyberspaces. The underlying philosophy is crucial to the success of the architecture, and an initial effort is made to delineate it at the beginning of the book. The book's topics are selected to clarify the issues of the philosophy, architecture, and design of cyberworlds through a wide variety of case studies. The approach presented in the book is thus characterized as synthetic rather than analytic. There already are numbers of books with observations and analyses of cyberworlds. They warn of the danger of widespread crimes and accidents in the cyberworlds, for instance. Without a philosophy and methodologies of how to architecturally design and synthesize the cyber worlds, the worlds in cyberspaces tend to be arbitrarily extended, disordered, and, in extreme cases, criminal. This book is intended to benefit readers by providing them with a possible direction to take in deciding how to synthesize worlds in cyberspaces. Cre ating new worlds in new spaces with almost unlimited dimension and scale is an immense challenge. In principle, anyone at any moment can participate in the creation. The book serves as a creator's reference and also as a design guidebook.

Savanna Woody Plants and Large Herbivores
Savanna Woody Plants and Large Herbivores

Author: Peter Frank Scogings

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2019-07-25

Total Pages: 782

ISBN-13: 1119081122

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Insights on current research and recent developments in understanding global savanna systems Increasingly recognized as synonymous with tropical grassy biomes, savannas are found in tropical and sub-tropical climates as well as warm, temperate regions of North America. Savanna Woody Plants and Large Herbivores examines the interactions between woody plants and browsing mammals in global savannas—focusing primarily on the C4 grassy ecosystems with woody components that constitute the majority of global savannas—and discusses contemporary savanna management models and applications. This much-needed addition to current research examines topics including the varying behavior of browsing mammals, the response to browsing by woody species, and the factors that inhibit forage intake. Contributions from an international team of active researchers and experts compare and contrast different savanna ecosystems, offering a global perspective on savanna functioning, the roles of soil and climate in resource availability and organism interaction, and the possible impacts of climate change across global savannas. Fills a gap in literature on savanna management issues, including biodiversity conservation and animal production Applies concepts developed in other biomes to future savanna research Complements contemporary books on savanna or large herbivore ecology Focuses on the woody component of savanna ecosystems and large herbivore interactions in savannas Compares tree-mammal systems of savannas and other eco-systems of temperate and boreal regions Provides numerous case studies of plant-mammal interactions from various savanna ecosystems Savanna Woody Plants and Large Herbivores is a valuable addition to those in fields such as ecology, wildlife and conservation biology, natural resource management, and environmental science.

Modelling Complex Ecological Dynamics
Modelling Complex Ecological Dynamics

Author: Fred Jopp

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-02-11

Total Pages: 400

ISBN-13: 3642050298

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Model development is of vital importance for understanding and management of ecological processes. Identifying the complex relationships between ecological patterns and processes is a crucial task. Ecological modelling—both qualitatively and quantitatively—plays a vital role in analysing ecological phenomena and for ecological theory. This textbook provides a unique overview of modelling approaches. Representing the state-of-the-art in modern ecology, it shows how to construct and work with various different model types. It introduces the background of each approach and its application in ecology. Differential equations, matrix approaches, individual-based models and many other relevant modelling techniques are explained and demonstrated with their use. The authors provide links to software tools and course materials. With chapters written by leading specialists, “Modelling Complex Ecological Dynamics” is an essential contribution to expand the qualification of students, teachers and scientists alike.