Lykophron: Alexandra

Lykophron: Alexandra

Author: Lykophron

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2022-11-03

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 0198863349

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'In requital for one man's sin, all Greece/ shall mourn the empty tombs of ten thousand of its children'. These lines from a powerful but neglected Greek poem, Lykophron's Alexandra, were admiringly imitated by Virgil. Priam's beautiful daughter, prophetic Kassandra, foresees her rape in Athena's temple by the hateful Greek Ajax at Troy's fall, and warns of disastrous returns (nostoi) for all the Greek 'heroes'. But Troy will rise again as Rome, founded by Trojan refugees. The Alexandra (also known as Kassandra) narrates Mediterranean foundation myths as failed Greek nostoi, and culminates in 'prophecies-after-the-event' of Roman rule over land and sea. This pseudonymous poem, a generic mix but closest to tragedy, is an ingeniously constructed masterpiece. It is ascribed to a third-century BCE tragedian, but was probably written c.190, when Rome had defeated Carthaginian Hannibal and was poised to humble the Seleukid king Antiochos III. The Alexandra anticipates, by over two millennia, modern Trojan War novels which adopt bitterly disillusioned female perspectives.


Lykophron: Alexandra

Lykophron: Alexandra

Author: Lykophron

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2022-10-06

Total Pages: 175

ISBN-13: 0192608452

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Traditionally ascribed to the early third-century BCE tragedian Lykophron, the Alexandra is a powerful Greek poem by an unknown author, probably written c. 190, when Rome had defeated Hannibal and the Carthaginians and was poised to humble the Seleukid king Antiochos III. The poem is an ingeniously constructed masterpiece, a generic mix with elements of tragedy, epic, and history. Priam's beautiful daughter, the prophetic Kassandra, foresees her rape in Athena's temple by the hateful Greek warrior Ajax after Troy's fall, and warns of disastrous returns (nostoi) for all the Greek 'heroes'. But Troy will rise again as Rome, founded by Trojan refugees. Alexandra (another name for Kassandra), narrates these Mediterranean foundation myths, adopting a bitterly disillusioned female perspective, but culminating in prophecies of Roman rule over land and sea.


Lykophron's Alexandra, Rome, and the Hellenistic World

Lykophron's Alexandra, Rome, and the Hellenistic World

Author: Simon Hornblower

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 279

ISBN-13: 0198723687

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The 'Alexandra' attributed to Lykophron is a notoriously difficult poem but one that sheds crucial light on Greek religion, foundation myths, and myths of colonial identity. This book asserts its importance as a strongly political and historical document, and argues that the probable decade of its composition was a turning-point in Roman history.


The Alexandra of Lycophron

The Alexandra of Lycophron

Author: Charles McNelis

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13: 0199601895

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This monograph is a literary study of Lycophron's Alexandra. Individual chapters are designed to be accessible and explore major aspects of the poem, including not only its imagery and style, but also its treatment of the gods, heroes, and the Trojan War.


The Greek World, 479-323 BC

The Greek World, 479-323 BC

Author: Simon Hornblower

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13: 9780415163262

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The Greek World479'¬ ;323 BChas been an indispensable guide to classical Greek history since its first publication. Simon Hornblower has comprehensively re-written and revised his original text, bringing it up-to-date for a new generation of readers. The extensive changes include: two important new chapters '¬ ;Argos, and the Peloponnesian War the incorporation of further primary sources more than thirty new illustrations the insertion of user-friendly subheadings a completely updated bibliography. With valuable coverage of the broader Mediterranean world in which Greek culture flourished, as well as close examination of Athens, Sparta, and the other great city-states of Greece itself, this third edition of a classic work is a more essential read than ever before.


Literature in the Greek and Roman Worlds

Literature in the Greek and Roman Worlds

Author: Oliver Taplin

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 620

ISBN-13: 9780192100207

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The focus of this book--its new perspective--is on the 'receivers' of literature: readers, spectators, and audiences. Twelve contributors, drawn from both sides of the Atlantic, explore the various and changing interactions between the makers of literature and their audiences or readers from the earliest Greek poetry to the end of the Roman empires in the Western and Eastern Mediterranean. From the heights of Athens to the hellenistic Greek diaspora, from the great Augustans to the irresistible tide of Christianity, the contributors deploy fresh insights to map out lively and provocative, yet accessible, surveys. They cover the kinds of literature which have shaped western culture--epic, lyric, tragedy, comedy, history, philosophy, rhetoric, epigram, elegy, pastoral, satire, biography, epistle, declamation, and panegyric. Who were the audiences, and why did they regard their literature as so important? --jacket.


Empire of Letters

Empire of Letters

Author: Stephanie Ann Frampton

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2019-01-03

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 0190915412

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Shedding new light on the history of the book in antiquity, Empire of Letters tells the story of writing at Rome at the pivotal moment of transition from Republic to Empire (c. 55 BCE-15 CE). By uniting close readings of the period's major authors with detailed analysis of material texts, it argues that the physical embodiments of writing were essential to the worldviews and self-fashioning of authors whose works took shape in them. Whether in wooden tablets, papyrus bookrolls, monumental writing in stone and bronze, or through the alphabet itself, Roman authors both idealized and competed with writing's textual forms. The academic study of the history of the book has arisen largely out of the textual abundance of the age of print, focusing on the Renaissance and after. But fewer than fifty fragments of classical Roman bookrolls survive, and even fewer lines of poetry. Understanding the history of the ancient Roman book requires us to think differently about this evidence, placing it into the context of other kinds of textual forms that survive in greater numbers, from the fragments of Greek papyri preserved in the garbage heaps of Egypt to the Latin graffiti still visible on the walls of the cities destroyed by Vesuvius. By attending carefully to this kind of material in conjunction with the rich literary testimony of the period, Empire of Letters exposes the importance of textuality itself to Roman authors, and puts the written word back at the center of Roman literature.


On the Soul

On the Soul

Author: Aristotle

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2018-05-11

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 0191026433

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'. . . the more honourable animals have been allotted a more honourable soul. . . ' What is the nature of the soul? It is this question that Aristotle sought to answer in De Anima (On the Soul). In doing so he offers a psychological theory that encompasses not only human beings but all living beings. Its basic thesis, that the soul is the form of an organic body, sets it in sharp contrast with both Pre-Socratic physicalism and Platonic dualism. On the Soul contains Aristotle's definition of the soul, and his explanations of nutrition, perception, cognition, and animal self-motion. The general theory in De Anima is augmented in the shorter works of Parva Naturalia, which deal with perception, memory and recollection, sleep and dreams, longevity, life-cycles, and psycho-physiology. This new translation brings together all of Aristotle's extant and complementary psychological works, and adds as a supplement ancient testimony concerning his lost writings dealing with the soul. The introduction by Fred D. Miller, Jr. explains the central place of the soul in Aristotle's natural science, the unifying themes of his psychological theory, and his continuing relevance for modern philosophy and psychology.