Ionospheric Morphology - Phase II.
Ionospheric Morphology - Phase II.

Author: R. Penndorf

Publisher:

Published: 1969

Total Pages: 381

ISBN-13:

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Phase II of an ionospheric morphology study provides further material leading to an improvement of HF prediction techniques. To simulate ionospheric conditions a numerical solution of the continuity equation for dN/dt=0 is obtained which gives reliable electron density cross-section between the equator and 60 degrees geomagnetic latitude. The variation of electron density during 7 disturbed time periods is investigated along the 75 degrees W. At night the peak of the F2 layer is higher by 50 to 100 km during the disturbed periods in comparison to quiet periods, but during the day it is more in the 25 to 50 km range or sometimes even smaller. The maximum electron density variations undergo seasonal and diurnal changes. Ray tracing through disturbed ionosphere shows the importance of changes in height and electron density on range and take-off angle. Changes in electron density during sunrise periods are regular on quiet days, but difficult to generalize for disturbed conditions. (Author).

Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations II
Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations II

Author: Jules Aarons

Publisher:

Published: 1975

Total Pages: 30

ISBN-13:

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Updating a review of the global morphology of ionospheric scintillations published in 1971, this study adds additional experimental studies on familiar topics to newer types of measurements of ionospheric irregularities, including in situ experiments and artificial heating of the F-layer.

Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations
Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations

Author: Jules Aarons

Publisher:

Published: 1970

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13:

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Amplitude fluctuations produced by small irregularities in electron density in the F-layer of the ionosphere (at 300 to 400 km height) can be a problem to communication and navigation systems in the VHF-UHF range. Recent measurements, primarily by AFCRL, are shown with emphasis on results at high and equatorial latitudes. At high latitudes an irregularity region exists whose lower boundary reaches 57 degrees invariant latitude near midnight. During magnetic storms the boundary descends to lower latitudes and the fading becomes deeper. Over the polar cap scintillations are somewhat diminished. When observing synchronous satellites through the irregularity region, deep and fast fading is frequently seen, with fade rates to one per second. Irregularities produce deep scintillations in the VHF range plus or minus 15 degrees from the geomagnetic equator. In equatorial regions maximum occurrence of high level scintillations takes place between 2100 and 2400 local time during the equinoxes; a minimum occurrence is observed during the solstices. When the sunspot number decreases, the equatorial irregularity region spreads and becomes larger. The data for various latitudes has been placed in statistical form, that is, distribution of amplitudes for 15-min samples as well as for periods of 1 yr and longer. (Author).

Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations II
Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations II

Author: Jules Aarons

Publisher:

Published: 1975

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Updating a review of the global morphology of ionospheric scintillations published in 1971, this study adds additional experimental studies on familiar topics to newer types of measurements of ionospheric irregularities, including in situ experiments and artificial heating of the F-layer.

The Morphology of Ionospheric F-Region Storms at Middle and Low Latitudes
The Morphology of Ionospheric F-Region Storms at Middle and Low Latitudes

Author: William F. McCullough

Publisher:

Published: 1972

Total Pages: 143

ISBN-13:

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The dependence of the onset time of the F-region electron density disturbance upon the local time of the geomagnetic storm commencement and main phase onset was investigated. Hourly value of the fractional deviations of foF2 from monthly median values at a world-wide network of ionosonde stations were examined during 29 geomagnetic storms occurring between July 1957 and December 1964 with main phase onset time lags of more than 2 hours and K-indices at Fredericksburg of t or greater. The relationship between the relative equatorial electrojet strength and the time rate of change of foF2 above Huancayo was investigated during eight geomagnetic storms. The structural morphology of the equatorial anomaly during two geomagnetic storms was also investigated. (Author).

Ionospheric Morphology
Ionospheric Morphology

Author: C. M. Rush

Publisher:

Published: 1968

Total Pages: 144

ISBN-13:

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The final report describes the results obtained during the first year of a research project, the aim of which is to predict ionospheric parameters in the vicinity of the North American continent. (Author).

Ionospheric Radio
Ionospheric Radio

Author: Kenneth Davies

Publisher: IET

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 612

ISBN-13: 9780863411861

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This introductory text replaces two earlier publications (Davies 1965, 1969). Among the topics: characteristics of waves and plasma, the solar-terrestrial system, the Appleton formula, radio soundings of the ionosphere, morphology of the ionosphere, oblique propagation, importance of amplitude and phase, earth-space propagation. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars
The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars

Author: Robert M. Haberle

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2017-06-29

Total Pages: 613

ISBN-13: 110817938X

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Humanity has long been fascinated by the planet Mars. Was its climate ever conducive to life? What is the atmosphere like today and why did it change so dramatically over time? Eleven spacecraft have successfully flown to Mars since the Viking mission of the 1970s and early 1980s. These orbiters, landers and rovers have generated vast amounts of data that now span a Martian decade (roughly eighteen years). This new volume brings together the many new ideas about the atmosphere and climate system that have emerged, including the complex interplay of the volatile and dust cycles, the atmosphere-surface interactions that connect them over time, and the diversity of the planet's environment and its complex history. Including tutorials and explanations of complicated ideas, students, researchers and non-specialists alike are able to use this resource to gain a thorough and up-to-date understanding of this most Earth-like of planetary neighbours.

Ionospheric Prediction and Forecasting
Ionospheric Prediction and Forecasting

Author: Bruno Zolesi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-09-25

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13: 3642384307

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This book describes how to predict and forecast the state of planet Earth’s ionosphere under quiet and disturbed conditions in terms of dynamical processes in the weakly ionized plasma media of the upper atmosphere and their relation to available modern measurements and modelling techniques. It explains the close relationship between the state of the media and the radio wave propagation conditions via this media. The prediction and forecasting algorithms, methods and models are oriented towards providing a practical approach to ionospherically dependent systems design and engineering. Proper understanding of the ionosphere is of fundamental practical importance because it is an essential part of telecommunication and navigation systems that use the ionosphere to function or would function much better in its nonappearance on the Earth and on any planet with an atmosphere.