The report presents a numerical study of attached interacting supersonic turbulent boundary layers over a two-dimensional protuberance. Results are presented in terms of surface pressure, heat transfer and skin-friction distributions. These results indicate a strong effect of the size of the protuberance, Mach number, but a weak effect of Reynolds number and the ratio of wall-to-recovery temperature. The peak heating rates from a set of test cases compare well to a semi-empirical prediction method. In contradistinction to the laminar case, the turbulent recovery zone downstream of the protuberance is very short. (Author).
It was on a proposal of the late Professor Maurice Roy, member of the French Academy of Sciences, that in 1982, the General Assembly of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics decided to sponsor a symposium on Turbulent Shear-Layer/Shock-Wave Interactions. This sympo sium might be arranged in Paris -or in its immediate vicinity-during the year 1985. Upon request of Professor Robert Legendre, member of the French Academy of Sciences, the organization of the symposium might be provided by the Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales (ONERA). The request was very favorably received by Monsieur l'Ingenieur General Andre Auriol, then General Director of ONERA. The subject of interactions between shock-waves and turbulent dissipative layers is of considerable importance for many practical devices and has a wide range of engineering applications. Such phenomena occur almost inevitably in any transonic or supersonic flow and the subject has given rise to an important research effort since the advent of high speed fluid mechanics, more than forty years ago. However, with the coming of age of modern computers and the development of new sophisticated measurement techniques, considerable progress has been made in the field over the past fifteen years. The aim of the symposium was to provide an updated status of the research effort devoted to shear layer/shock-wave interactions and to present the most significant results obtained recently.
This entry describes the experimental work conducted in the Department of Aeronautics at Imperial College in connection with Test Problems 1 and 2 of the "Workshop on Hypersonic Flows for Reentry Problems, Part I". These are defined as follows: Test Problem 1 Flow Over a Slender Cone Test Problem 2 Turbulent Base Flow The main requirement of this text is to present the experimental data for direct comparison with the predictions of CFD codes. We have therefore concentrated mainly on a factual statement of measuring techniques and results, together with an assessment of experimental accuracy. Future publications will be devoted to more extensive physical interpretations and discussions of the results. We have produced a large volume of data, some of which were categorised as "MANDATORY" and some as "OPTIONAL" for the purposes of CFD validation. However, only the "MANDATORY" data are presented here, although the other data are available and will be published separately later. 2. EXPERIMENTAL ARRANGEMENT 2. 1 The Test Facility The experiments were conducted in the Imperial College No. 2 Gun tunnel. This facility is a conventional intermittent blowdown tunnel with a contoured Mach 9 (nominal) axisymmetric nozzle fed by a free piston compression heater. The operating condition under which the data contained in this report were obtained is presented in Table 1. Test 2 T (oK) M b. Mlm Po (N/m ) Re/m T (oK) IX) IX) Case IX) w 1. 1 7 7 +0. 14 9. 16 6. 67x10 5. 5xl0 59.
This book presents experimental and numerical findings on reducing shock-induced separation by applying transition upstream the shock wave. The purpose is to find out how close to the shock wave the transition should be located in order to obtain favorable turbulent boundary layer interaction. The book shares findings obtained using advanced flow measurement methods and concerning e.g. the transition location, boundary layer characteristics, and the detection of shock wave configurations. It includes a number of experimental case studies and CFD simulations that offer valuable insights into the flow structure. It covers RANS/URANS methods for the experimental test section design, as well as more advanced techniques, such as LES, hybrid methods and DNS for studying the transition and shock wave interaction in detail. The experimental and numerical investigations presented here were conducted by sixteen different partners in the context of the TFAST Project. The general focus is on determining if and how it is possible to improve flow performance in comparison to laminar interaction. The book mainly addresses academics and professionals whose work involves the aerodynamics of internal and external flows, as well as experimentalists working with compressible flows. It will also be of benefit for CFD developers and users, and for students of aviation and propulsion systems alike.
