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Author: Patrick L.S. Connor
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: 2019-11-29
Total Pages: 325
ISBN-13: 3030343839
DOWNLOAD EBOOK^ 74 GeV and |y| 2.4; the b jets must contain a B hadron. The measurement has significant statistics up to p T ∼ O(TeV). Advanced methods of unfolding are performed to extract the signal. It is found that fixed-order calculations with underlying event describe the measurement well.
Author: Paolo Gunnellini
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2015-08-24
Total Pages: 290
ISBN-13: 3319222139
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis thesis addresses in a very new and elegant way several measurements and the extraction of so-called double parton scattering. The new and elegant way lies in the combination of measurements and a very smart extraction of double parton scattering results, which is easy to apply and overcomes many of the technical difficulties of older methods. Many new phenomena in particle physics can be observed when particles are collided at the highest energies; one of the highlights in recent years was the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Understanding the production mechanism of the Higgs boson at the LHC requires detailed knowledge of the physics of proton-proton collisions. When the density of partons in the protons becomes large, there is a non-negligible probability that more than one parton participates in the interaction and the so-called double parton scattering becomes important. In some cases very particular final state signatures can be observed, which can be regarded as an indication of such double partonic scattering and where the different interactions can be separated. Such multiple partonic interactions play an important role when precise predictions from known processes are required.
Author: Wei Wang
Publisher: World Scientific
Published: 2020-02-27
Total Pages: 576
ISBN-13: 9811207410
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe latest of the 'Lepton Photon' symposium, one of the well-established series of meetings in the high-energy physics community, was successfully organized at the South Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, from August 7-12, 2017, where physicists around the world gathered to discuss the latest advancements in the research field.This proceedings volume of the Lepton Photon 2017 collects contributions by the plenary session speakers and the posters' presenters, which cover the latest results in particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, cosmology, and plans for future facilities.
Author: John Campbell
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2018-01-19
Total Pages: 761
ISBN-13: 0191014990
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Black Book of Quantum Chromodynamics is an in-depth introduction to the particle physics of current and future experiments at particle accelerators. The book offers the reader an overview of practically all aspects of the strong interaction necessary to understand and appreciate modern particle phenomenology at the energy frontier. It assumes a working knowledge of quantum field theory at the level of introductory textbooks used for advanced undergraduate or in standard postgraduate lectures. The book expands this knowledge with an intuitive understanding of relevant physical concepts, an introduction to modern techniques, and their application to the phenomenology of the strong interaction at the highest energies. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, it also serves as a comprehensive reference for LHC experimenters and theorists. This book offers an exhaustive presentation of the technologies developed and used by practitioners in the field of fixed-order perturbation theory and an overview of results relevant for the ongoing research programme at the LHC. It includes an in-depth description of various analytic resummation techniques, which form the basis for our understanding of the QCD radiation pattern and how strong production processes manifest themselves in data, and a concise discussion of numerical resummation through parton showers, which form the basis of event generators for the simulation of LHC physics, and their matching and merging with fixed-order matrix elements. It also gives a detailed presentation of the physics behind the parton distribution functions, which are a necessary ingredient for every calculation relevant for physics at hadron colliders such as the LHC, and an introduction to non-perturbative aspects of the strong interaction, including inclusive observables such as total and elastic cross sections, and non-trivial effects such as multiple parton interactions and hadronization. The book concludes with a useful overview contextualising data from previous experiments such as the Tevatron and the Run I of the LHC which have shaped our understanding of QCD at hadron colliders.
Author: Alexei Prokudin
Publisher: World Scientific
Published: 2020-05-29
Total Pages: 342
ISBN-13: 9811214964
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book is indexed in Chemical Abstracts ServiceThis book contains proceedings of the 7-week INT program dedicated to the physics of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), the world's first polarized electron-nucleon (ep) and electron-nucleus (eA) collider to be constructed in the United States. The 2015 NSAC Long Range Plan recommended EIC as the 'highest priority for new facility construction following the completion of FRIB'. The primary goal of the EIC is to establish precise multi-dimensional imaging of quarks and gluons inside nucleons and nuclei. This includes (i) understanding the spatial and momentum space structure of the nucleon through the studies of TMDs (transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions), GPD (generalized parton distributions) and the Wigner distribution; (ii) determining the partonic origin of the nucleon spin; (iii) exploring the new quantum chromodynamics (QCD) frontier of ultra-strong gluon fields, with the potential to seal the discovery of a new form of dense gluon matter predicted to exist in all nuclei and nucleons at small Bjorken x — the parton saturation.The program brought together both theorists and experimentalists from Jefferson Lab (JLab), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) along with the national and international nuclear physics communities to assess and advance the EIC physics.
Author: Diego Aristizabal Sierra
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2020-01-13
Total Pages: 293
ISBN-13: 2889633519
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Author: Kiran Joshi
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2015-06-12
Total Pages: 188
ISBN-13: 3319196537
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis thesis contains new research in both experimental and theoretical particle physics, making important contributions in each. Two analyses of collision data from the ATLAS experiment at the LHC are presented, as well as two phenomenological studies of heavy coloured resonances that could be produced at the LHC. The first data analysis was the measurement of top quark-antiquark production with a veto on additional jet activity. As the first detector-corrected measurement of jet activity in top-antitop events it played an important role in constraining the theoretical modelling, and ultimately reduced these uncertainties for ATLAS's other top-quark measurements by a factor of two. The second data analysis was the measurement of Z+2jet production and the observation of the electroweak vector boson fusion (VBF) component. As the first observation of VBF at a hadron collider, this measurement demonstrated new techniques to reliably extract VBF processes and paved the way for future VBF Higgs measurements. The first phenomenological study developed a new technique for identifying the colour of heavy resonances produced in proton-proton collisions. As a by-product of this study an unexpected and previously unnoticed correlation was discovered between the probability of correctly identifying a high-energy top and the colour structure of the event it was produced in. The second phenomenological study explored this relationship in more detail, and could have important consequences for the identification of new particles that decay to top quarks.
Author: R. G. Roberts
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 1993-11-26
Total Pages: 200
ISBN-13: 9780521449441
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis graduate/research level book describes our present knowledge of protons and neutrons, the particles which make up the nucleus of the atom. Experiments using high energy electrons, muons and neutrinos reveal the proton as being made up of point-like constituents, quarks. The strong forces which bind the quarks together are described in terms of the modern theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the â€~glue' binding the quarks being mediated by new constituents called gluons. Larger and new particle accelerators probe the interactions between quarks and gluons at shorter distances. The understanding of this detailed substructure and of the fundamental forces responsible is one of the keys to unravelling the physics of the structure of matter. This book will be of interest to all theoretical and experimental particle physicists.
Author: Paolo Bartalini
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing
Published: 2018-11-02
Total Pages: 471
ISBN-13: 981322777X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMany high-energy collider experiments (including the current Large Hadron Collider at CERN) involve the collision of hadrons. Hadrons are composite particles consisting of partons (quarks and gluons), and this means that in any hadron-hadron collision there will typically be multiple collisions of the constituents — i.e. multiple parton interactions (MPI). Understanding the nature of the MPI is important in terms of searching for new physics in the products of the scatters, and also in its own right to gain a greater understanding of hadron structure. This book aims at providing a pedagogical introduction and a comprehensive review of different research lines linked by an involvement of MPI phenomena. It is written by pioneers as well as young leading scientists, and reviews both experimental findings and theoretical developments, discussing also the remaining open issues.
Author: Kurt Brendlinger
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2018-01-30
Total Pages: 261
ISBN-13: 3319739301
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis thesis presents two production cross-section measurements of pairs of massive bosons using final states with leptons, made with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The first measurement, performed using data collected in 2012 at center-of-mass energy √ s = 8 TeV, is the first fiducial and differential cross-section measurement of the production of the Higgs Boson when it decays to four charged leptons (electrons or muons). The second measurement is the first fiducial and inclusive production cross-section measurement of WZ pairs at center-of-mass energy √ s = 13 TeV using final states with three charged leptons. A significant portion of the thesis focuses on the methods used to identify electrons from massive boson decay—important for many flagship measurements—and on assessing the efficiency of these particle identification techniques. The chapter discussing the WZ pair cross-section measurement provides a detailed example of an estimate of lepton background in the context of an analysis with three leptons in the final state.
