Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods
Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2004-07-08

Total Pages: 254

ISBN-13: 0309166152

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Assists policymakers in evaluating the appropriate scientific methods for detecting unintended changes in food and assessing the potential for adverse health effects from genetically modified products. In this book, the committee recommended that greater scrutiny should be given to foods containing new compounds or unusual amounts of naturally occurring substances, regardless of the method used to create them. The book offers a framework to guide federal agencies in selecting the route of safety assessment. It identifies and recommends several pre- and post-market approaches to guide the assessment of unintended compositional changes that could result from genetically modified foods and research avenues to fill the knowledge gaps.

Genetically Engineered Crops
Genetically Engineered Crops

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-01-28

Total Pages: 607

ISBN-13: 0309437385

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Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.

Gene Drives on the Horizon
Gene Drives on the Horizon

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2016-08-28

Total Pages: 231

ISBN-13: 0309437873

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Research on gene drive systems is rapidly advancing. Many proposed applications of gene drive research aim to solve environmental and public health challenges, including the reduction of poverty and the burden of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria and dengue, which disproportionately impact low and middle income countries. However, due to their intrinsic qualities of rapid spread and irreversibility, gene drive systems raise many questions with respect to their safety relative to public and environmental health. Because gene drive systems are designed to alter the environments we share in ways that will be hard to anticipate and impossible to completely roll back, questions about the ethics surrounding use of this research are complex and will require very careful exploration. Gene Drives on the Horizon outlines the state of knowledge relative to the science, ethics, public engagement, and risk assessment as they pertain to research directions of gene drive systems and governance of the research process. This report offers principles for responsible practices of gene drive research and related applications for use by investigators, their institutions, the research funders, and regulators.

Performance Standards for Safely Conducting Research with Genetically Modified Fish and Shellfish
Performance Standards for Safely Conducting Research with Genetically Modified Fish and Shellfish

Author: Walter A. Hill

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 1998-08

Total Pages: 115

ISBN-13: 078817228X

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These Standards are intended to aid researchers and institutions in assessing the ecological and evolutionary safety of research involving genetically modified fish, and shellfish. Discusses the purpose and environmental safety of this research and provides an overview of the components of the Standards. Supporting text addresses applicability; survival and reproductive assessment; impact of deliberate gene changes, chromosomal manipulations, and interspecific hybridization; potential interference with natural reproduction; ecosystem effects; potential barriers associated with accessible ecosystem; and risk management. Charts and tables.

The Future of Genetically Modified Crops
The Future of Genetically Modified Crops

Author: Felicia Wu

Publisher: Rand Corporation

Published: 2004-08-13

Total Pages: 115

ISBN-13: 0833040510

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The world is now on the cusp of a new agricultural revolution, the so-called Gene Revolution, in which genetically modified (GM) crops are tailored to address chronic agricultural problems in certain regions of the world. This monograph report investigates the circumstances and processes that can induce and sustain this new agricultural revolution. The authors compare the Green Revolution of the 20th century with the GM crop movement to assess the agricultural, technological, sociological, and political differences between the two movements.

An Explanatory Guide to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
An Explanatory Guide to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

Author: Ruth Mackenzie

Publisher: IUCN

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 315

ISBN-13: 2831706718

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This guide has been prepared by the IUCN Environmental Law Programme and the Foundation for International Environmental Law and Development (FIELD), in cooperation with the World Resources Institute (WRI). The main goal of the guide is to facilitate the understanding of the obligations of Parties to the Protocol, by providing an information base on the content and origin of the Protocol provisions, accessible to the non-specialist and useful for those who will be involved in the development and implementation of national safety frameworks.