Genomic Approaches to the Study of Breast Cancer
Genomic Approaches to the Study of Breast Cancer

Author: Jeffrey E. Green

Publisher: IOS Press

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 104

ISBN-13: 9781586034603

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Based on cutting-edge research with more than 1,000 married couples, "Love Me Slender" shows you how to bolster your resolve by strengthening your relationship, offering a fresh approach to weight loss that will turn your spouse from diet saboteur into your most loyal health ally. Eat right. Stay active. Good health follows from a few simple habits, yet millions of us struggle every day to put these habits into practice. "Love Me Slender" offers new solutions based on a remarkable insight: The powerful connection we share with our mate can influence what we eat, how much we exercise, how well we age, and ultimately how long we live. Strengthening this connection, and using it to influence our daily habits, holds the key to better health. Over the course of their twenty-year collaboration, Drs. Thomas Bradbury and Benjamin Karney have witnessed how difficult it is for partners to give each other the support they both really need--especially around emotionally loaded topics like unhealthy eating habits and weight loss. As codirectors of the Relationship Institute at UCLA, they have analyzed hundreds of conversations between partners seeking to change their eating and exercise habits, and they have identified the specific principles that determine whether couples struggle--or succeed--in their quest to improve their health. Featuring case studies, self-assessments, and sound practical advice, "Love Me Slender" is an eye-opening, uplifting guide that shows relationship partners how to discover the right ways--and avoid the pitfalls--of supporting one another in their lifelong pursuit of better health.

Genomic Approaches for Detection and Treatment of Breast Cancer
Genomic Approaches for Detection and Treatment of Breast Cancer

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 28

ISBN-13:

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The experiments carried out under this Innovator award allowed us to set up a genetic system to identify genes through loss of function (RNAi) or gain of function (over-expression) functional screens that are capable of influencing cells to acquire tumorlike properties. In this way we have identified many novel tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Many of these are found to be altered in breast cancer and other cancer types. Importantly, we developed the ability to identify genes whose inhibition is lethal in cancer cells but not in normal cells. We discovered that many genes cancer cells depend on are not oncogenes but genes never implicated or altered in cancers. This introduced the concept of non-oncogene addiction and opened many researchers to the idea that there are many different potential anti-tumor drug targets that are only going to be found through functional screens for cancer cell vulnerabilities. In addition we devised and tested a novel peptide display technology using synthetic biology to probe the auto-immune response of cancer patients to look for early diagnosis biomarkers. We have synthesized the human peptidome and developed methodology to determine what portions of human proteins are being recognized by auto-anibodies on a genomic scale.

Current Advances in Breast Cancer Research: A Molecular Approach
Current Advances in Breast Cancer Research: A Molecular Approach

Author: Shankar Suman

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Published: 2020-04-30

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 9811451427

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Breast cancer is a recognized disease around the world with varying patient outcomes based on the type of breast cancer, access to healthcare and other factors. Survival rates for breast cancer are significantly lower in metastatic cases than localized cases. Early diagnosis and effective treatments for the efficient management of breast cancer are now in demand , as they help to prolong patient life. There have been many breakthrough developments in the molecular biology of breast cancer research in recent times. Advancements in diagnostic techniques (imaging and biomarker detection) for breast cancer have improved the screening of the disease and have improved patient outcomes. Despite these enhancements, the disease is still lethal for patients and the search for a cure requires a complete understanding of the disease. Current Advances in Breast Cancer Research: A Molecular Approach presents a comprehensive overview of current basic and translational research on the subject. The 14 chapters of the book give emphasis to current knowledge about breast cancer, ongoing challenges, and innovative research findings by different research groups. Readers will find detailed information about breast cancer biology, genetics, clinical diagnostics and treatments. Additional information for advanced readers in life sciences, such as techniques relevant to genomics (including genetic fingerprinting), proteomics, metabolomics and medicine (such as imaging and molecular diagnostics) is also provided. The combination of both basic and advanced information makes this book a useful reference to the student and researcher, alike, seeking an understanding about breast cancer at a molecular level.

Techniques and Methodological Approaches in Breast Cancer Research
Techniques and Methodological Approaches in Breast Cancer Research

Author: Jose Russo

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-05-14

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 1493907182

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This volume explores the myriad of techniques and methodological approaches that are being used in breast cancer research. The authors critically evaluate of the advantages and disadvantages of current methodologies, starting with the tools available for understanding the architecture of the human breast, including its tissue and cellular composition. The volume discusses the importance of functional studies in breast cancer research, especially with the help of laser capture microdissection, which allows the separation of small amounts of tissue, as well as specific cells, for biochemical analysis. In addition, the authors address methodologies including stem cell separation, which has helped in significantly understanding their role in normal breast development, but also further the understanding of breast cancer and its therapeutic management. The use of in vitro techniques and established cell lines for mechanistic studies in chemotherapeutic approaches have been invaluable will be discussed. Imaging techniques for evaluating in vitro and in vivo behavior of normal and cancerous breast tissue will be explored, as it provides a better understanding of the physiopathology of cancer. The volume will also discuss the molecular analysis of gene function in breast cancer through the transcriptomic and epigenomic profile. More importantly, the advancement of more refined techniques in sequencing will be covered. This monograph will be a comprehensive, authoritative and timely, as it addresses the emerging approaches used in breast cancer research.

Cancer Genomics
Cancer Genomics

Author: Moamen Bydoun

Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters

Published: 2013-11-21

Total Pages: 52

ISBN-13: 0128061103

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Although early diagnosis, outcome prediction and treatment options are the ultimate objectives when assessing breast cancer patients, the methodology behind this clinical assessment varies and has gradually evolved from using standard clinical criteria into incorporating high-throughput genome-wide analysis. Early methods involved evaluating tumor size and spread as well as histological assessment (tumor grade). Later, the expression of hormone/growth receptors (ER, PR, and HER2) was added to the standard stratification of breast cancer patients. More recently, molecular approaches, which are based on the expression of a well-defined set of genes, have subdivided patients into five clinically relevant subtypes which not only predict prognosis and dictate treatment choice but also complement standard assessment. The advent of genome-wide analysis has produced the most robust classification system of breast cancers by coupling specific genetic aberrations (single nucleotide mutations and gene copy number variations) with gene expression profiles. Although these genome-wide approaches offer a promising future for breast cancer prognosis and treatment options, they are still not clinically feasible for standard population-based screening. Nonetheless, these approaches are becoming faster and more reliable in understanding the molecular architecture of breast cancer and are slowly paving the way towards personalized treatments which are tailored to individual patients. In the light of a rapidly evolving field of breast cancer genomics, this chapter highlights key standard and upcoming approaches for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment and discusses the feasibility of genome-oriented personalized treatments.

Assessing the Mutational Spectrum and Prevalence of Breast Cancer Risk Genes in an Unselected Hispanic Breast Cancer Cohort Using Population Genetic and Genomic Approaches
Assessing the Mutational Spectrum and Prevalence of Breast Cancer Risk Genes in an Unselected Hispanic Breast Cancer Cohort Using Population Genetic and Genomic Approaches

Author: Anna Marie de Asis Tuazon

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781369795776

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Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality among Hispanic women. The research described here aimed to assess the mutation prevalence in three breast cancer genes (BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2) in unselected Hispanic breast cancer cases. Unselected cases with invasive breast cancer, recruited through a multi-center study in Colombia, were screened for BRCA1/2 and PALB2 mutations using genotyping and Illumina sequencing. Analyses focused on mutation prevalence and clinical characteristics of the mutation carriers. We identified 67 cases with a pathogenic or likely-pathogenic mutation in BRCA1 (n=42), BRCA2 (n=18), and PALB2 (n=7). Eighty-eight percent of these mutations were founder mutations. Remarkably, we found that 10.4% of the cohort, regardless of family history of cancer, carried a pathogenic mutation. The high mutation prevalence in this cohort, and the lack of family history in >60% of the mutation carriers, suggests that population-based genetic analysis can identify most Hispanic carriers who would otherwise be ineligible for testing. Additionally, among the high prevalence of founder mutations was the BRCA1 c.3331_3334delCAAG mutation. This particular mutation has been reported previously in other parts of the world. Mutation carriers from Colombia, Spain, Portugal, Brazil, Chile, and Angola, were subjected to haplotype analysis. Significantly, mutation carriers from these diverse countries share a common core haplotype, likely originating from Iberia (Spain and Portugal). The estimated age of the mutation in Colombia and Spain was consistent with the European colonization, and this story illustrates trans-continental immigration of an important breast cancer-associated mutation, highlighting the significance of studying diverse populations.

Breast Cancer in the Post-Genomic Era
Breast Cancer in the Post-Genomic Era

Author: Antonio Giordano

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-06-22

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 1603279458

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Breast Cancer is the most common tumor in women and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Due to breakthroughs in gene profiling, the knowledge of the pathophysiology of the mammary gland had greatly increased over the last decade. In Breast Cancer in the Post Genomic Era, Antonio Giordano, Nicola Normanno, and a panel of international authorities in their field provide a comprehensive approach to the biology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of human breast carcinoma. The book provides a comprehensive approach to breast cancer, describing the use of gene profiling techniques to distinguish specific features of individual carcinomas, as well as emerging novel therapeutic approaches to treatment. Additional chapters cover the use of transgenic mice to model human breast cancer and the role of the EGF-CFC family in mammary gland development and neoplasia. Breast Cancer in the Post Genomic-Era succeeds in looking at breast cancer pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment under a more comprehensive light, and is a valuable resource for any Radiation or Surgical Oncologist, Cancer Biologist or Pathologist.

Mammography and Beyond
Mammography and Beyond

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2001-06-04

Total Pages: 34

ISBN-13: 0309075505

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X-ray mammography screening is the current mainstay for early breast cancer detection. It has been proven to detect breast cancer at an earlier stage and to reduce the number of women dying from the disease. However, it has a number of limitations. These current limitations in early breast cancer detection technology are driving a surge of new technological developments, from modifications of x-ray mammography such as computer programs that can indicate suspicious areas, to newer methods of detection such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or biochemical tests on breast fluids. To explore the merits and drawbacks of these new breast cancer detection techniques, the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences convened a committee of experts. During its year of operation, the committee examined the peer-reviewed literature, consulted with other experts in the field, and held two public workshops. In addition to identifying promising new technologies for early detection, the committee explored potential barriers that might prevent the development of new detection methods and their common usage. Such barriers could include lack of funding from agencies that support research and lack of investment in the commercial sector; complicated, inconsistent, or unpredictable federal regulations; inadequate insurance reimbursement; and limited access to or unacceptability of breast cancer detection technology for women and their doctors. Based on the findings of their study, the committee prepared a report entitled Mammography and Beyond: Developing Technology for Early Detection of Breast Cancer, which was published in the spring of 2001. This is a non-technical summary of that report.

Translational Research in Breast Cancer
Translational Research in Breast Cancer

Author: Erwei Song

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-12-11

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789811355509

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This book offers a comprehensive introduction to translational efforts in breast cancer, addressing the latest approaches to precision medicine based on the current state of understanding of breast cancer. With the latest developments in breast cancer research, our understanding of the genomic changes and the oncogenic signaling cascade of breast cancer has made considerable strides. Further, the immuno-environment has been demonstrated as the barrier to clinical cancer. In addition, major advances in cancer biology, immunology, genomics and metabolism have broken new ground for designing therapeutic approaches and selecting appropriate treatments on the basis of more precise information on the individual patient. As a result of these two trends, a clearer picture of the molecular landscape of breast cancers has facilitated the development of diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers for clinical oncology. All these aspects are addressed in this volume, which offers a comprehensive resource for researchers, graduate students and oncologists in cancer research.