From the sun's energy source to the formation of the solar system

From the sun's energy source to the formation of the solar system

Author: Dan Bar-Zohar

Publisher: Dan Bar Zohar

Published: 2006-12-04

Total Pages: 163

ISBN-13:

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The latest observation of hundreds of exoplanets and the discovery of supermassive black hole at the center of many galaxies set the foundation for the theory presented in this book. The theory suggest that the sun and stars energy source is not from fusion, but instead from magnetic fields spreads in the galaxy by the supermassive black hole at the center of every galaxy. This idea changes every aspect of astronomy and cosmology. The big bang is no longer necessary to explain the source of the mass in the universe and the expansion of the universe. According to this theory the matter in the universe is created in the cores of stars by conversion of energy to mass. The expansion of the universe is induced by the rapid formation of new galaxies. Stars grow slowly and gradually over tens of billion of years by conversion of energy to mass. The gradual growth of stars and the planet search programs that found hundreds of nearby planets indicate that stars are born from planets. This invalidates the solar nebula hypothesis as the source of the stars and the solar system. Stars fluctuate from a main sequence state to a red giant state. They stay in the main sequence when they receive strong magnetic fields and they turn into a red giant when the magnetic fields are weakened. The sun also fluctuated from a main sequence to a red giant. When the sun was a red giant it had strong solar wind that supplied the material to created the planets. The solar system contains hard evidence that the sun was a red giant, those are short lived isotopes and chondrules. The fact that there is hard evidenced to a red giant sun confirm this theory. Highlights of this theory include the following: 1. The sun energy source is from magnetic fields from the galactic center. 2. The heat induced by the magnetic fields leads to high energy collision between particle in the sun core that creates new particle and increase the sun mass. 3. All the stars in the galaxy create new mass so the total mass and the size of the galaxy is increasing. 4. The stars in the galaxy eject dust that freefall to the galactic center supermassive black hole. Thorough the dynamo effect the gravitational potential energy of the debris and dust is converted to magnetic fields. 5. As the galaxy mass and size increase, globular clusters are detached form the main galaxy to create new galaxies. 6. Galaxies spawn new galaxies and the total number of galaxies in the universe increase. 7. The universe expands and accelerates from the increase in the number of the galaxies. 8. The Big Bang cosmological model is replaced by a new cosmological model that resembles the steady state theory. 9. Stars grow gradually from conversion of energy to mass. 10.Stars are born from planets, they first grow by accretion and then by conversion of energy to mass. 11.Stars fluctuate from main sequence to a red giant. When the magnetic fields are strong the star is in the main sequence, when the magnetic fields are weakened the star turn to a red giant. 12.The sun was a red giant 4.6 billions years ago. 13.The planets were created from the strong solar wind of the red giant sun.


Formation Of The Solar System, The: Theories Old And New (2nd Edition)

Formation Of The Solar System, The: Theories Old And New (2nd Edition)

Author: Michael Mark Woolfson

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2014-09-11

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 1783265248

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This fully-updated second edition remains the only truly detailed exploration of the origins of our Solar System, written by an authority in the field. Unlike other authors, Michael Woolfson focuses on the formation of the solar system, engaging the reader in an intelligent yet accessible discussion of the development of ideas about how the Solar System formed from ancient times to the present.Within the last five decades new observations and new theoretical advances have transformed the way scientists think about the problem of finding a plausible theory. Spacecraft and landers have explored the planets of the Solar System, observations have been made of Solar-System bodies outside the region of the planets and planets have been detected and observed around many solar-type stars. This new edition brings in the most recent discoveries, including the establishment of dwarf planets and challenges to the ‘standard model’ of planet formation — the Solar Nebula Theory.While presenting the most up-to-date material and the underlying science of the theories described, the book avoids technical jargon and terminology. It thus remains a digestible read for the non-expert interested reader, whilst being detailed and comprehensive enough to be used as an undergraduate physics and astronomy textbook, where the formation of the solar system is a key part of the course.Michael Woolfson is Emeritus Professor of Theoretical Physics at University of York and is an award-winning crystallographer and astronomer.


The Structure of the Sun

The Structure of the Sun

Author: T. Roca Cortes

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1996-08-28

Total Pages: 422

ISBN-13: 9780521563079

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The complex internal structure of the Sun can now be studied in detail through helioseismology and neutrino astronomy. The VI Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics was dedicated to examining these powerful new techniques. Based on this meeting, eight specially-written chapters by world-experts are presented in this timely volume. We are shown how the internal composition and dynamical structure of the Sun can be deduced through helioseismology; and how the central temperature can be determined from the flux of solar neutrinos. This volume provides an excellent introduction for graduate students and an up-to-date overview for researchers working on the Sun, neutrino astronomy and helio- and asteroseismology.


The Sun, the Earth, and Near-earth Space

The Sun, the Earth, and Near-earth Space

Author: John A. Eddy

Publisher: Government Printing Office

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 9780160838088

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" ... Concise explanations and descriptions - easily read and readily understood - of what we know of the chain of events and processes that connect the Sun to the Earth, with special emphasis on space weather and Sun-Climate."--Dear Reader.


The Sun, Energy, and Climate Change

The Sun, Energy, and Climate Change

Author: Eklas Hossain

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-01-01

Total Pages: 416

ISBN-13: 3031221966

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The Sun, Energy, and Climate Change conveys one central idea – that we can utilize energy without continuing to harm the planet by increasing our reliance on energy from the sun. This accessible guide stresses the sun’s importance as our ultimate energy source by focusing on climate change from an energy perspective and explains the naturally balanced energy transfer from the sun to the earth and society’s consumption of this energy. This book is for anyone worried about environmental damage from our reliance on fossil fuels and the global fight against climate change. The key message being we do not have to accept the inevitable and can work to prevent the worst.


Alternative and Unconventional Energy Sources

Alternative and Unconventional Energy Sources

Author: Anurodh M. Dayal

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2024-01-24

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 1119500591

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A timely volume for understanding our future energy landscape and for creating a bridge towards a decarbonized energy system Alternative and Unconventional Energy Sources discusses various alternative energy sources and their present usage, including wind, solar, ocean, and geothermal energy, along with unconventional fossil energy sources, such as shale gas. The text covers the development and global adoption of each energy source, along with their environmental and economic impacts, resulting in a comprehensive and in-depth treatment of the subject. This approach provides the reader with a one-stop reference for each particular energy source, making the information accessible to all, regardless of discipline or current level of experience with each energy source. Specific topics covered in Alternative and Unconventional Energy Sources include: The controversial perception of shale gas and its future potential as an energy source Technologies to reduce harmful emissions of CO2 and other waste gases and their potential to cause less global warming Downsides of commonly accepted alternative energy sources, such as the disposal of nuclear waste and land requirements for solar panels How undeveloped countries can make use of local energy sources to become more efficient and competitive Alternative and Unconventional Energy Sources is a highly accessible and useful resource for geographers, geologists, petroleum engineers, renewable energy specialists, and policy makers who wish to understand the current state of global energy production and where the industry may turn in the coming years.


CliffsNotes Praxis II: Middle School Science (0439)

CliffsNotes Praxis II: Middle School Science (0439)

Author: Glen Moulton

Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Published: 2013-05-21

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 0544183495

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Your complete guide to a higher score on Praxis II: Middle School Science The Praxis II Middle School Science (0439) exam is designed to measure the knowledge and competencies necessary for a beginning teacher of middle school science. The 2-hour Praxis II Middle School Science (0439) exam consists of three constructed-response essays and 90 multiple-choice questions divided into the following content categories: scientific methodology, basic principles of science, physical sciences, life sciences, earth/space sciences, and science/technology/society. In CliffsNotese Praxis II: Middle School Science, two practice tests with complete answers and explanations help you pinpoint areas for further study, while reviews and exercises address all of the test topics you'll encounter on exam day. Plus, proven test-taking strategies help you score higher. Two full-length practice tests Subject reviews of every topic covered on the test Practice questions for every subject review If you're an aspiring teacher looking to take the Praxis II Middle School Science exam, CliffsNotes is your ticket to scoring high at exam time.


Solar Power Generation

Solar Power Generation

Author: Paul Breeze

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2016-06-13

Total Pages: 101

ISBN-13: 0128040548

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Solar Power Generation is a concise, up-to-date, and readable guide providing an introduction to the leading renewable power generation technology. It includes detailed descriptions of solar photovoltaic and solar thermal generation systems, and demystifies the relevant solar energy technology functions in practice while also exploring economic and environmental risk factors. Engineers, managers, policymakers, and those involved in planning and delivering energy resources will find this reference a valuable guide to help establish a reliable power supply to address social and economic objectives. - Focuses on the evolution and developments in solar energy generation - Evaluates the economic and environmental viability of the systems with concise diagrams and accessible explanations - Demystifies the relevant solar energy technology functions in practice - Explores economic and environmental risk factors


Solar and Space Physics

Solar and Space Physics

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2014-09-25

Total Pages: 37

ISBN-13: 0309313953

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In 2010, NASA and the National Science Foundation asked the National Research Council to assemble a committee of experts to develop an integrated national strategy that would guide agency investments in solar and space physics for the years 2013-2022. That strategy, the result of nearly 2 years of effort by the survey committee, which worked with more than 100 scientists and engineers on eight supporting study panels, is presented in the 2013 publication, Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. This booklet, designed to be accessible to a broader audience of policymakers and the interested public, summarizes the content of that report.