Flashing Yellow Arrow Traffic Signal Operation
Flashing Yellow Arrow Traffic Signal Operation

Author: Susan Elizabeth Chambers

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13:

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ABSTRACTThis study examines the methodology for converting protected, permissive, and protected/permissive left-turn operation to flashing yellow arrow left-turn operation. This study addresses construction-related considerations, including negative offsets, lateral traffic signal head position, left-turn accident rates, crash modification factors and crash reductions factors. A total of 85 intersections in Glendale, Arizona were chosen for this study. These intersections included 45 "arterial to arterial" intersections (a major road intersecting with a major road) and 40 "arterial to collector" intersections (a major road intersecting with a minor road). This thesis is a clinical study of the field conversion to flashing yellow arrow traffic signals and is not a study of the merits of flashing yellow arrow operation. This study included six categories: 1. High accident intersections (for inclusion in Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) funding); 2. Signal head modifications only; 3. Signal head replacement with median modifications; 4. Signal head and mast arm replacement; 5. Signal head, signal pole and mast arm replacement; and 6. Intersections where flashing yellow arrow operation is not recommended. Compliance with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) played a large part in determining conversion costs because the standard for lateral position of the left-turn traffic signal greatly influenced the construction effort. Additionally, the left-turning vehicles sight distance factored into cost considerations. Its important for agencies to utilize this study to understand all of the financial commitments and construction requirements for conversion to flashing yellow arrow operation, and ultimately to appreciate that the process is not purely a matter of swapping traffic signal heads.

Traffic Signal Timing Manual
Traffic Signal Timing Manual

Author: U.s. Department of Transportation

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-02-20

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 9781508557173

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This report serves as a comprehensive guide to traffic signal timing and documents the tasks completed in association with its development. The focus of this document is on traffic signal control principles, practices, and procedures. It describes the relationship between traffic signal timing and transportation policy and addresses maintenance and operations of traffic signals. It represents a synthesis of traffic signal timing concepts and their application and focuses on the use of detection, related timing parameters, and resulting effects to users at the intersection. It discusses advanced topics briefly to raise awareness related to their use and application. The purpose of the Signal Timing Manual is to provide direction and guidance to managers, supervisors, and practitioners based on sound practice to proactively and comprehensively improve signal timing. The outcome of properly training staff and proactively operating and maintaining traffic signals is signal timing that reduces congestion and fuel consumption ultimately improving our quality of life and the air we breathe. This manual provides an easy-to-use concise, practical and modular guide on signal timing. The elements of signal timing from policy and funding considerations to timing plan development, assessment, and maintenance are covered in the manual. The manual is the culmination of research into practices across North America and serves as a reference for a range of practitioners, from those involved in the day to day management, operation and maintenance of traffic signals to those that plan, design, operate and maintain these systems.

Evaluation of Flashing Yellow Arrow Traffic Signals in Indiana
Evaluation of Flashing Yellow Arrow Traffic Signals in Indiana

Author: Robert Rescot

Publisher:

Published: 2015-09-01

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781622603480

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The evaluation of Flashing Yellow Arrow signals for widespread implementation was evaluated. Through the collection of field driver performance data, survey data, crash data, at two test sites in the State, it was concluded that this is a worthwhile practice to be considered for a larger scale deployment. The return on investment includes both increased safety, and improved mobility. Given Indiana's widespread usage of span and catenary signal supports, installation could be simplified to place a larger four section flashing yellow head in a horizontal orientation while leaving adjacent through lane three section signal heads in a vertical alignment, and not decrease the standard of care provided to the public, given proper engineering judgment.indeed

Traffic Control Systems Handbook
Traffic Control Systems Handbook

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1976

Total Pages: 670

ISBN-13:

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This handbook, which was developed in recognition of the need for the compilation and dissemination of information on advanced traffic control systems, presents the basic principles for the planning, design, and implementation of such systems for urban streets and freeways. The presentation concept and organization of this handbook is developed from the viewpoint of systems engineering. Traffic control studies are described, and traffic control and surveillance concepts are reviewed. Hardware components are outlined, and computer concepts, and communication concepts are stated. Local and central controllers are described, as well as display, television and driver information systems. Available systems technology and candidate system definition, evaluation and implementation are also covered. The management of traffic control systems is discussed.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Conversion of Traditional Five Section Head Signal to Flashing Yellow Arrow (FYA) Signal
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Conversion of Traditional Five Section Head Signal to Flashing Yellow Arrow (FYA) Signal

Author: Meshal Ibrahim Almoshaogeh

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 289

ISBN-13:

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In the United States, there are two schemes of operating traffic signal controls for permitted protected left turns (PPLT) namely the traditional five-section head system (known as Dog-House) and the flashing yellow arrow system (FYA). Past studies have agreed that these controls lead to decrease the average delay per left turn vehicle, decrease the protected green time, increase the left turn capacity, and enhance the intersection overall operation. The flashing yellow arrow (FYA) has been approved by the Federal Highway Administration as the national standard for the PPLT operations at signalized intersections. So, the Florida Department of Transportation also approved this new system and they are extensively replacing the traditional system with the new system on the area of Central Florida (Lin, et al, 2010). Both these systems have been used for a long time and there are some studies that evaluated these systems but there are limited number of projects that evaluated and/or compared between the two PPLT systems from the operational perspective.

Design and Construction of Smart Cities
Design and Construction of Smart Cities

Author: Ibrahim El Dimeery

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-01-23

Total Pages: 405

ISBN-13: 3030642178

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This book focuses on how to maintain environmental sustainability as one of its main principles, and it addresses how smart cities serve to diminish wastes and maintain natural resources by having clean green energy that is operated by new smart technology designs. Living in a smart city is not something of the future anymore, it is here, and it is being implemented all over the world. A smart city uses different types of electronic Internet of things (IoT) sensors to collect data and then use these data to manage assets and resources efficiently. The smart city concept integrates information and communication technology (ICT), and various physical devices connected to the IoT network to optimize the efficiency of city operations and services and achieve sustainable solutions to allow us to grow with proper management of our resources. Smart sustainable structures and infrastructures face the need of urban areas due to the growth of populations while in the same time save our environment. To achieve this, we need to revisit the conventional methods in design and construction and the conventional materials which are used now to optimize the design and provide smart solutions. In the past few years, the consumption of resources has been massive, and the waste produced from that consumption has been inconceivable. This is causing environmental degradation, which produces many environmental challenges, such as global climate change, excessive fossil fuel dependency and the growing demand for energy. As well as, discussing the challenges facing the civil engineering design and construction of smart cities components and presenting concepts and insight from experts and researchers from different civil engineering disciplines., this book explains how to construct buildings and special structures and how to manage and monitor energy.

Guidelines for Timing Yellow and All-red Intervals at Signalized Intersections
Guidelines for Timing Yellow and All-red Intervals at Signalized Intersections

Author: Hugh W. McGee

Publisher: Transportation Research Board

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 93

ISBN-13: 0309258596

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TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 731: Guidelines for Timing Yellow and All-Red Intervals at Signalized Intersections offers guidance for yellow change and all-red clearance intervals at signalized intersections. The guidelines provide a framework that can be easily applied by state and local transportation agencies.

Driver Comprehension of Flashing Yellow Arrows
Driver Comprehension of Flashing Yellow Arrows

Author: Gary A. Davis

Publisher:

Published: 2023

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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In 2009, the FHWA’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) introduced the flashing yellow arrow (FYA) traffic signal as an alternative to circular green (CG) to indicate permitted left turns. The FYA is arguably a more intuitive indication that left turns are permitted but not protected and, in addition, the FYA signal heads can support time-of-day changes between protective and permissive left -turn phasing. In 2019, a Research Needs Statement stated that “Research is needed to examine driver comprehension of flashing yellow arrows in different light arrangements and the role of signage.” Our objective in this project was to assess drivers’ understanding of FYA signal indications and to see if the presence or absence of “Left Turn Yield” signs affect gap acceptance. This was accomplished by conducting an online survey of drivers regarding their understanding of FYA signals and by carrying out a field study of drivers’ gap acceptance at a set of Twin Cities intersections.