"This volume presents 150 photographs, most published here for the first time, of the famous (and infamous) Schäfer Expedition. In 1938, the German biologist Ernst Schäfer led a scientific expedition to Tibet. His team of scientists was able to record Tibetan life and culture with a level of detail previously unachieved by other Europeans. The photographs in this volume are one part of that record, documenting a vibrant traditional society in the early stages of its encounter with modernity. The Tibetans in the photographs, from high aristocrat to humble peasant, are now dead. Many of the temples and buildings where they worshipped, worked, and lived have been destroyed. This volume of photographs, and the essays that accompany them, portray a Tibet that existed not so long ago, but that has since become a memory." -- From publisher's website.
J. F. Rock hatte eine vielseitige Karriere: Vom Autodidakten entwickelte er sich zur Autorit�t fuer die Botanik Hawaiis; Forschungsreisen in Suedchina brachten reiche Ausbeute an Specimina botanischer (ca. 80000) und ornithologischer Art (ueber 1000) sowie illustrierte Artikel im National Geographic Magazine. In der Folge wurde Rock zum Experten fuer das kleine Volk der Nakhi, deren piktographische Manuskripte (ca. 5000) er sammelte und deren Rituale, Sprache und Geschichte er in umfangreichen Beitr�gen behandelte. Der vorliegende Band gibt ein Schriftenverzeichnis, T�tigkeitsberichte aus Hawaii, Zeitungsberichte ueber Rocks Forschungen, Briefwechsel mit Botanikern und Institutionen (so dem Gray Herbarium) und die umfangreiche Korrespondenz mit dem Harvard-Yenching-Institut, dessen Forschungsmitarbeiter Rock zeitweise war. Die Briefe und Dokumente geben einen lebendigen Eindruck von Rocks vielseitiger wissenschaftlicher T�tigkeit und seiner unternehmenden, eigenwilligen Pers�nlichkeit. "Unterlagen ueber Joseph Rock sind weit verstreut. Dementsprechend ist es schwierig, einen guten �berblick ueber das vorliegende Material zu gewinnen. Aus diesem Grund ist die von Hartmut Walravens hier vorgelegte Materialsammlung fuer eine seri�se Besch�ftigung mit Rock und seinem Lebenswerk von unsch�tzbarer Bedeutung. [�] Zusammenfassend kann festgestellt werden, dass die hier vorliegende Materialsammlung einzigartige Einblicke in die Person des Joseph Rock, seine Entwicklung sowie sein Lebenswerk darstellt. � Eine genauere Auswertung der hier gesammelten Korrespondenzen und Materialien wird wohl weit ueber die Grenzen der Ostasienwissenschaften hinaus wirken." Asien .
In conventional views, pastoralism was classified as a stage of civilization that needed to be abolished and transcended in order to reach a higher level of development. In this context, global approaches to modernize a rural society have been ubiquitous phenomena independent of ideological contexts. The 20th century experienced a variety of concepts to settle mobile groups and to transfer their lifestyles to modern perceptions. Permanent settlements are the vivid expression of an ideology-driven approach. Modernization theory captured all walks of life and tried to optimize breeding techniques, pasture utilization, transport and processing concepts. New insights into other aspects of pastoralism such as its role as an adaptive strategy to use marginal resources in remote locations with difficult access could only be understood as a critique of capitalist and communist concepts of modernization. In recent years a renaissance of modernization theory-led development activities can be observed. Higher inputs from external funding, fencing of pastures and settlement of pastoralists in new townships are the vivid expression of 'modern' pastoralism in urban contexts. The new modernization programme incorporates resettlement and transformation of lifestyles as to be justified by environmental pressure in order to reduce degradation in the age of climate change.
C.I.C.M. Missionaries, Past and Present begins with the story of the Belgian Mission for China, founded by the diocesan priest Theophile Verbist in 1862. He runs the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (C.I.C.M.) until his death at Lao-hu-kou in 1868, the smallest and poorest mission station of the Provicariate of Mongolia. Being sensitive to the signs of the times and under the guidance of the Holy Spirit, the Congregation keeps accepting new missions and develops into an international congregation of religious missionaries who, although belonging to different cultures and races, live and work together as brothers. One heart and one soul, these international C.I.C.M. communities witness to the universal brotherhood of all men in Christ.