Einführung in den Jugoslawischen Marxismus-Leninismus
Einführung in den Jugoslawischen Marxismus-Leninismus

Author: L. Vrtacic

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13: 940103639X

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Die vorliegende Arbeit gehort zur Reihe der Untersuchungen uber den Marxismus-Leninismus in den nicht-sowjetischen kommunistischen Liin dern Europas, welche im Auftrag des Osteuropa Instituts an der Uni versiHit Freiburg/Schweiz in Angriff genommen sind. 1m Gegensatz zu den fruher veroffentlichten Werken handelt es sich jedoch nicht um eine vollstandige Monographie, sondern um eine Vorarbeit. Sie besteht im wesentlichen in einer Bibliographie des jugoslawischen philosophischen Schrifttums seit 1945 und in einer Ubersicht sowohl des organisatori schen Rahmens als auch der Literatur. Der Verfasser bereitet jetzt, auf Grund der hier zusammengefaBten Ergebnisse, eine umfassende Mono graphie der genannten Art vor. Die Veroffentlichung erfolgt in der Hoffnung, daB diese meines Wissens erste und bisher einzige Einfuhrung in den jugoslawischen Marxismus Leninismus auch den anderen Forschern auf diesem Gebiet, sowohl in Jugoslawien als auch im Ausland, nutzlich sein durfte. Es ist fur mich eine angenehme Pflicht jenen Personen und Institutionen zu danken, ohne deren Hilfe dieses Buch nicht Mtte geschrieben werden konnen. Ich danke dem Osteuropa-Institut der Universitat Freiburg/ Schweiz fur den Auf trag; der Rockefeller Foundation, welche meine Arbeit groBzugig unterstutzt hat; der Schweizerischen Landesbibliothek in Bern, der Freiburger Universitiitsbibliothek und der Bibliothek des Schweizerischen Osteuropa-Instituts in Bern fur die Hi1fe, die ich bei der Zusammenstellung der Bibliographie von ihnen erhalten habe. Vor allem mochte ich meinem verehrten Lehrer Prof. J.M. Bochenski meinen Dank aussprechen: ich habe von ihm ebensowohl die Anregung, wie zahlreiche Weisungen und stiindige Hilfe bei meiner Arbeit erhalten.

Between Ideology and Utopia
Between Ideology and Utopia

Author: A. Liebich

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 393

ISBN-13: 9400993838

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Nineteenth-century European intellectual history has given rise to such varied and abundant research that one is surprised to find certain important problems long identified and yet still relatively unexplored. Such is the case for certain aspects of the crucial transition from Hegel to Marx, for minority tendencies among French socialists and for the Messianic phenomenon, national and religious, so central to the period, particularly in Eastern Europe, and so rarely studied in detail. Certainly, these lacunae are exemplified by the absence of any com prehensive work on August Cieszkowski whose overall contribution to the history of the period may be marginal but whose specific role in each of the areas mentioned is both significant in itself and illustrative of certain wider problems. Cieszkowski first achieved recognition as the author of the Pro legomena zur Historiosophie in 1838. This short tract never became popular among the Berlin Hegelians for whom it was intended but it affected a number of radical intellectuals outside their circle. His next work, Gott und Palingenesie, was a defense of personal immortality against Hegelian revisionism. The following year, however, he founded as a bulwark of the Hegelian school the Philosophische Gesellschaft against external critics and internal dissolution.

Genesis and Development of Plekhanov’s Theory of Knowledge
Genesis and Development of Plekhanov’s Theory of Knowledge

Author: D. Steila

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 9401132984

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1. One of the most outstanding leaders within Second International Marxism, George Plekhanov has interested Western scholars primarily as a historical and political figure, specifically as the first full-fledged Marxist among the Russian intelligentsia. At the end of the nineteenth century he was the leader in putting Russian progressive culture in touch with Western Marxism, breaking away from Populism and, at the same time, resuming materialistic tradition within Russian progressive thought. Among Russian revolutionaries, a few others to be sure had been interested in Marx before Plekhanov. The translations of some of Marx' works into Russian show this clearly. In 1869 Mikhail Bakunin translated The Communist Manifesto. Three years later Nikolaj Daniel'son, a populist, completed the first foreign-language version of the first book of Marx' Capital and within six months about a thousand copies had been sold. In the middle of the 1870's, an 'academic' economist, N. !. Ziber, helped to spread Marx' economic ideas by teaching them in Kiev and writing articles in the journal Slovo, which to some extent influenced Plekhanov's later choices. But it was Plekhanov who first analyzed the Russian situation as a whole in Marxist terms, thereby earning renown as the "Father of Russian Marxism". 1 His writings became the school for a whole generation of revolutionaries. At the beginning respected and venerated, then rejected and criticized, Plekhanov for long held the leadership of Russian Marxism, as its best-known 'Master'.

Russia and America: A Philosophical Comparison
Russia and America: A Philosophical Comparison

Author: W.J. Gavin

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 138

ISBN-13: 9401015147

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In this year of bicentennial celebration, there will no doubt take place several cultural analyses of the American tradition. This is only as it should be, for without an extensive, broad-based inquiry into where we have come from, we shall surely not foresee where we might go. Nonetheless, most cultural analyses of the American context suffer from a common fault - the lack of a different context to use for purposes of comparison. True, American values and ideals were partly inherited from the European tradition. But that tradition is in many ways an inadequate mode of comparison. Without going too far afield, let us note two points: first, European culture was the proud inheritor of the Renaissance tradition, and, going back still further, of classical culture; second, the European countries are compact. Their land masses are such that the notion of "frontier" simply would not have arisen in the same way as it did in America. On the other side of the globe, however, there does exist a country capable of serving as a suitable mirror. We speak, of course, of Russia. That country also came relatively late onto the cultural horizon, and was not privy to the Renaissance tradition. Furthermore, her land mass is such as to be "experi mentally infmite" in character - not unlike the American frontier. It is hoped that much can be leamed about the present cultural context by com paring the two countries in their youthful stages.

Short Handbook of Communist Ideology
Short Handbook of Communist Ideology

Author: H. Fleischer

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 111

ISBN-13: 9401035849

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We have once again decided to publish in our series a source-text for the study of Communist ideology. This synopsis of Principles of Marxism Leninism 1 (published at the end of 1959 and widely distributed in the Soviet Union) appears as a sequel to that of the Principles of Marxist Philosphy which I published in 1959 as The Dogmatic Principles of Soviet Philosphy. This book is a corporate work, done by some forty Soviet philosophers, sociologists, economists, Party-theoreticians and propa gandists, under the direction ofO. V. Kuusinen (member of the Praesidium of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union). Except for a few clarifications, we have restricted ourselves to pre senting the most important parts of the original text in an original translation which provides the material, in an authentic and handy 2 form, for our Institute's courses in Sovietology. In comparison to the other parts, the philosophical portions (Sections 1 and 2) have been held to a minimum since they repeat, for the most part, material which is already available in the synopsis of the Principles of Marxist Philosophy. I wish to thank the Rockefeller Foundation for their support which has made possible the research of our Institute as well as the preparation of the present work. J. M. BOCHENSKI 1 The original Russian title is: Osnovy marksizma-leninizma. Ueebnoe posobie (Text book), Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo politieeskoj literatury (State Publishing House for Political Literature), Moskva, 1959,774 pages, 300 000 copies.

The Intoxication of Power
The Intoxication of Power

Author: M. Henry

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 245

ISBN-13: 9400994974

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When the Soviet people will enjoy the [God) wQl com11Ul1ld a ble', ing on u, In ble, "ngr of Communism, new hundred, all our way" '0 that we, hall, ee much more of Hi, wisdom, power, goodnell8, of mOlion, of people on earth will BIly: and truth than we have formerly known. 'We are for CommuniBml' It i, not We, haH find that the God of I8TIlei is through war with other countries, but by, among U', and ten of us shall be able to the example of a more perfect organiza tion of society, by rapid progress in rellist a thouBIlnd of our enemie, . The Lord will make our name a prai, e and developing the productive force, the creation of all conditions for the happi glory, '0 that men 'hall BIlY of succeed ing plantation, : 'The Lord make it like ness and well-being of man, that the that of New England'. For we must con ideaB of Communism win the mind, and sider that we Ilhall be like a city upon a hearts of the masses. Hill; the eye, of all people are on u, . The force of Bocial progress will in evitably grow in aU countries, and this John Winthrop to early Puritan will assist the builden of CommuniBm in settlers in America, 1630 the Soviet Union. Programme of the C.P.S.U

Hegel’s Dialectic
Hegel’s Dialectic

Author: A. Sarlemijn

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 203

ISBN-13: 9401017360

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This book was written in 1968, and defended as a doctoral dissertation before the Philosophical Faculty at the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) in 1969. It treats of the systematic views of Hegel which led him to give to the princi ple of non-contradiction, the principle of double negation, and the principle of excluded middle, meanings which are difficult to understand. The reader will look in vain for the philosophical position of the author. A few words about the intentions which motivated the author to study and clarify Hegel's thought are therefore not out of place. In the early sixties, when occupying myself with the history of Marxist philosophy, I discovered that the representatives of the logical-positivist tra dition were not alone in employing a principle of demarcation; that those of the dialectical Marxist tradition were also using such a principle ('self-move ment') as a foundation of a scientific philosophy and as a means to delimit unscientific ideas. I aimed at a clear conception of this principle in order to be able to judge whether, and to what extent, it accords with the foundations of the analytical method. In this endeavor I encountered two problems: (1) What is to be understood by 'analytical method' cannot be ascertained un equivocally.

The Philosophical Foundations of Soviet Aesthetics
The Philosophical Foundations of Soviet Aesthetics

Author: Edward M. Swiderski

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 9400994346

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0. 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEMATIC This study is devoted to an examination of a concept of crucial significance for Soviet aesthetics - the concept of the aesthetic (esteticeskoe). Soviet aestheticians have for some time already been trying to design a concept of the aesthetic that would satisfy, on the one hand, the requirements of aesthe tic phenomena, and, on the other hand, the principles of the Marxist-Leninist world view. The first part of this work shows how the concept of the aesthetic has been and continues to be problematic for Soviet aestheticians. This task is carried out by dwelling, first of all, on the controversies among Soviet aesthe ticians concerning meta-aesthetic issues, viz, the nature and scope of aesthetics as well as its place among other philosophical and non-philosophical disci plines. A particularly clear view of the problems that have traditionally pre occupied Soviet aestheticians is provided by an examination of what they standardly call the 'method of aesthetics', where 'method' is understood in the sense of an explanatory framework rather than in the strict logico-scien tific sense of the term. This discussion will provide the occasion to pass in review the main periods of Soviet aesthetics and the characteristic aspects of each. The chapter on the sources of contemporary Marxist-Leninist aesthetics brings into relief the lack of a homogeneous tradition in the question of the nature of the aesthetic and other related problems.

Marxist Ethical Theory in the Soviet Union
Marxist Ethical Theory in the Soviet Union

Author: P.T. Grier

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 9400998767

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A survey of the intellectual history of Marxism through its several phases and various national adaptations suggests, for any of at least three reasons, that the attempt to provide a widely acceptable summary of 'Marxist ethics' must be an enterprise with little prospect of success. First, a number of prominent Marxists have insisted that Marxism can have no ethics because its status as a science precludes bias toward, or the assumption of, any particular ethical standpoint. On this view it would be no more reasonable to expect an ethics of Marxism than of any other form of social science. Second, basing themselves on the opposite assumption, an equally prominent assortment of Marxist intellectuals have lamented the absence of a coherently developed Maryist ethics as a deficiency which must be remedied. ! Third, less com monly, Marxism is sometimes alleged to possess no developed ethical theory because it is exclusively committed to advocacy of class egoism on behalf 2 of the proletariat, and is thus rooted in a prudential, not a moral standpoint. The advocacy of proletarian class egoism - or 'revolutionary morality- may, strictly speaking, constitute an ethical standpoint, but it might be regarded as a peculiar waste of time for a convinced and consistent class egoist to develop precise formulations of his ethical views for the sake of convincing an abstract audience of classless and impartial rational observers which does not happen to exist at present.

Marxism and Religion in Eastern Europe
Marxism and Religion in Eastern Europe

Author: R.T. De George

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 212

ISBN-13: 9401018707

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Since the Bolshevik revolution of 1917, two of the most significant but at the same time least understood areas of that revolution's cultural impact have been philosophy and religion. The impact has of course been massive, not only in the Soviet Union but, after the second World War, in Soviet dominated Eastern Europe as well. Yet the consequences of Communism for philosophy and religion throughout the Soviet orbit are far from having the simplicity suggested by the stereotypes of a single, monolithic 'Marxism' and a consistent, crushing assault on the Church and on re ligious faith. Unquestionably Marxism is the ruling philosophy throughout Eastern Europe. In the Soviet Union, 'Marxism-Leninism' or 'dialectical ma terialism' is the official and the only tolerated philosophy, and most of the other countries of Eastern Europe follow the Soviet lead in philosophy as in other fields. But in the latter countries Marxism was imposed only after W orId War II, and its deVelopment has not always copied the Soviet model. Original thinkers in Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Hungary have thought their own way through the writings of Marx and his followers, and have arrived at Marxist positions which are consider ably at variance with the Soviet interpretations - and often with each other. Moreover in recent years the Soviet philosophers themselves have been unable to ignore the theoretical questions raised by the other East of Marxism in the West.