Effects of pesticides on soil fauna: Development of ecotoxicological test methods for tropical regions
Effects of pesticides on soil fauna: Development of ecotoxicological test methods for tropical regions

Author:

Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag

Published: 2004-06-09

Total Pages: 298

ISBN-13: 3736911068

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Effects of pesticides on soil fauna: Development of ecotoxicological test methods for tropical regions The impact of pesticides on the soil system is an issue of great concern. In the tropics, the environmental risk of pesticides is assessed using methods designed for temperate regions. This pioneer study shows that the toxicity of pesticides (here: two fungicides and an insecticide) measured under tropical conditions, e.g., higher temperature and different test species, can differ greatly from that determined for temperate conditions. Thus, a risk assessment of pesticides for tropical ecosystems based on existing toxicological data from temperate regions alone is not considered sufficient. Additional, adapted tests must be developed for tropical conditions.

Effects of Pesticides on Soil Fauna
Effects of Pesticides on Soil Fauna

Author: Marcos Garcia

Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 386537106X

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Duas importantes questões foram levantadas neste estudo: (1) O efeito e destino dos pesticidas em solos de regiões temperadas podem ser diferentes em solos tropicais? (2) Os dados produzidos nas regiões temperadas podem ser usados para a avaliação de risco ambiental nos trópicos?

Soil Ecotoxicology
Soil Ecotoxicology

Author: Joseph Tarradellas

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1996-12-23

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 9781566701341

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Soils are receptacles for a wide range of hazardous chemicals generated by human activities. Whether or not this contamination is deliberate, accurate toxicity assessments are important for health and economic reasons. Soil Ecotoxicology discusses the sources, fate, and transport of hazardous chemicals in soils. The fate (biodegradation and modeling) and the potential impacts of pesticides on soil ecosystems are emphasized, and methodologies for performing toxicity assessments are provided.

Chemical Bioavailability in Terrestrial Environments
Chemical Bioavailability in Terrestrial Environments

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2011-08-31

Total Pages: 827

ISBN-13: 0080557759

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This book begins with an overview of current thinking on bioavailability, its definition, cutting-edge research in speciation and advancement in tools for assessing chemical bioavailability in the terrestrial environment. The second section of the book focuses on the role of chemical speciation in bioavailability. Section three addresses bioavailability and ecotoxicity of contaminants and leads into the next section on bioavailability of nutrients and agrichemicals. Subsequent sections provide an overview of tools currently being used and new cutting-edge techniques to assess contaminant bioavailability. The last section of the book builds on previous sections in relating bioavailability to risk assessment and how this could be used for managing risks associated with contaminated land. - Provides the latest information on developing concepts and definitions of bioavailability - Includes a discussion of bioavailability and ecotoxicity of contaminants and bioavailability of nutrients and agrichemicals for applications in agriculture - Analyzes tools for assessing bioavailability and the role of bioavailability in risk assessment and remediation

Ecotoxicology and Genotoxicology
Ecotoxicology and Genotoxicology

Author: Marcelo L Larramendy

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

Published: 2017-06-15

Total Pages: 341

ISBN-13: 1782628118

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The potential impact of anthropogenic pollutants such as agrochemicals on the environment is of global concern. Increasing use of certain compounds can result in contamination of food, water and atmospheric systems and in order to combat this pollution it is important to be able to accurately monitor the short and long term effects. This book describes the latest non-traditional terrestrial species models used as indicators of the toxic effects of environmental pollutants. The book enables understanding of the effects of pollutants in non-target species, and therefore enables analysis of the effects on ecosystems. This book will be of interest to anyone interested in developing new biomarker species with high degrees of ecological relevance. It will serve as a useful resource for regulatory and research toxicologists, particularly those interested in soil screening and the effects of pollutants on wildlife and insects and their use as biological indicators.

Pesticides
Pesticides

Author: R.P. Soundararajan

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2012-07-25

Total Pages: 398

ISBN-13: 9535106805

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Pesticides are considered as potential molecules to combat insects, pests, diseases and weeds in agricultural, horticultural cropping system as well as health management systems. Pesticides of chemical origin are highly effective against the target organism. However, the chemical pesticides have toxic effects on several non-target species and the growing environmental concerns raises the issues of safety and evaluation of toxicity. In this book the effects of chemical pesticides on fishes, earthworms, beneficial microbes and natural enemies in agricultural ecosystems are discussed. Furthermore, pesticides have the properties to disrupt endocrine and non-traditional pesticide compounds have been elaborately narrated. The recent technology on use of biomarkers in pesticide assay is described in two chapters. Some of plants having pesticidally active compounds are described. Use of biotechnological approaches for insect pest management and a new approach to recognize larva in the field by LIRA classifier system are two more interesting chapters of the book.

Invertebrates
Invertebrates

Author: Marcelo Larramendy

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2016-02-10

Total Pages: 130

ISBN-13: 9535122460

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This edited book, Invertebrates-Experimental Models in Toxicity Screening, is intended to provide an overview of the use of conventional and nonconventional invertebrate species as experimental models for the study of different toxicological aspects induced by environmental pollutants in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Furthermore, it is hoped that the information in the present book will be of value to those directly engaged in the handling and use of environmental pollutants and that this book will continue to meet the expectations and needs of all interested in the different aspects of toxicity screening.

Pesticide Toxicity to Non-target Organisms
Pesticide Toxicity to Non-target Organisms

Author: Johnson Stanley

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-08-12

Total Pages: 531

ISBN-13: 9401777527

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The pesticide should cause effect on the target pests and be selective enough to spare the non-target beneficial. The book deals with the pesticide toxicity to predators, parasitoids and microbes which are used for pest management in the agroecosystem. The other beneficials exposed to pesticides are pollinators, earthworms, silkworm and fishes. The book contains information on the modes of pesticide exposure and toxicity to the organisms, sub-lethal effects of insecticides and method of toxicity assessment, risk assessment of pesticidal application in the field. The purpose of the work is to compile and present the different procedures to assess pesticide poising in organisms related to the agroecosystem along with discussions on risk assessment procedures with clear comparison of toxicity of pesticides to target pests and non target beneficial organisms.

Crop Protection Strategies: Under Climate Change Scenarios
Crop Protection Strategies: Under Climate Change Scenarios

Author: P. Parvatha Reddy

Publisher: Scientific Publishers

Published: 2018-04-01

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 9387991989

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The present book on “Crop Protection Strategies under Climate Change Scenarios” provides the information on i) effects of climate variables [increased temperatures, elevated carbon dioxide levels, varying precipitation patterns and frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events (drought, cyclones, floods, etc.), and elevated levels of atmospheric pollutants (ozone, acid rain, and elevated ultraviolet B) on crop pests; ii) Impacts of climate change induced consequences (expansion of geographical distribution, increase in number of generations, increased overwintering survival, pest population dynamics and outbreaks, risk of introducing invasive alien species, crop-pest interactions, loss of ecological biodiversity, changes in phenology, increased incidence of insect vectored plant diseases, disruption of plant-pollinator interactions, reduced effectiveness of pest management strategies) on crop pests; iii) Development of modelling approaches to predict future pest change scenarios; and iv) Formulation of sustainable adaptation and mitigation pest management strategies including physical, cultural, chemical, biological, host resistance, and integrated methods under climate change scenarios. This book will be of immense value to scientific community involved in teaching, research and extension activities pertaining to pest management under climate change scenarios. The material in the book can be used for teaching post-graduate courses. The book can also serve as a very useful reference to policy makers and practicing farmers.