Continuous Cover Forestry
Continuous Cover Forestry

Author: Klaus von Gadow

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 940159886X

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The large-scale application of new silvicultural systems has become a political reality in many parts of the world. This involves a gradual transformation of traditional silvicultural practice towards Continuous Cover Forestry, also known as near-natural forest management, favouring mixed uneven-aged stands, site-adapted tree species and selective harvesting. Selective harvesting systems have a long tradition. Specific CCF-related resource assessment, forecasting and sustainable harvest control techniques have been developed, but details about their use are not widely known. The objective of this volume is to present state-of-the-art research results and techniques relating to CCF management with an emphasis on systems engineering and modelling. Using a very simple classification based on the development of timber volume over age or time we may distinguish two types of sustainable forest management systems. Rotation forest management (RFM) systems, characterized by standard silvicultural treatments and repetitive cycles of clearfelling followed by planting; and continuous cover forestry (CCF) systems which are characterized by selective harvesting and natural regeneration, resulting in uneven-aged structures and frequently also in multi-species forests. The distinction is usually the result of decisions relating to the cost of timber harvesting, simplicity of management, or various intangible benefits. The oldest and most perfect examples of CCF systems are the so called plenter selection forests found in France, Switzerland, Slowenia and Germany. Today, CCF systems are encountered in various regions of Europe, North America and in some tropical and sub-tropical forests of South Africa, Asia and South America.

Multiple Use of Forests and Other Natural Resources
Multiple Use of Forests and Other Natural Resources

Author: F. Helles

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-12-01

Total Pages: 252

ISBN-13: 9401144834

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In 1996 a major six-year research programme, 'Economic Optimisation of Multiple-Use Forestry and Other Natural Resources' was implemented at Department of Economics and Natural Resources, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University (KVL), Copenhagen. The research is funded by KVL; The Danish Agricultural and Veterinary Research Council; The Danish Research Academy; The Danish Forest and Landscape Institute; The Danish Forest and Nature Agency; and The Danish Environmental Protection Agency. The overall objective of the research programme is to enhance the economic theory of sustainable multiple-use forestry and landscape management planning. Emphasis is on decision-making ! management planning from an economic point of view, the basic criterion being rationality as implemented by application of Operations Research methods with regard to sustainable and multiple use of forests and other natural resources in the landscape. The research programme benefits from collaboration agreements with University of California at Berkeley, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, and Oregon State University, Department of Forest Resources. As part of the research programme, a second international conference and workshop was held 6 - 12 August, 1998 at KVL, with the title: '2nd Berkeley-KVL Conference on Natural Resource Management -Design and Implementation of Multiple-Use Management'. This event was financed by The Danish Research Academy. Some of the papers presented were selected for peer-reviewing and subsequent publishing. The outcome is the present book in which no paper has been previously published.

Growth Model for Uneven-aged Loblolly Pine Stands
Growth Model for Uneven-aged Loblolly Pine Stands

Author: Ching-Rong Lin

Publisher:

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 16

ISBN-13:

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A density-dependent matrix growth model of uneven-aged loblolly pine stands was developed with data from 991 permanent plots in the southern United States. The model predicts the number of pine, soft hardwood, and hard hardwood trees in 13 diameter classes, based on equations for ingrowth, upgrowth, and mortality. Projections of 6 to 10 years agreed with the growth of stands between the last two inventories. In 300-year simulations of undisturbed growth, softwood species were replaced by hardwoods, in accord with previous knowledge. Soft hardwood species became dominant on good sites and hard hardwoods on poor sites. Basal area oscillated over time, converging slowly towards a steady state. Changes in tree size diversity were correlated positively with basal area. Without disturbance, species diversity would decrease. For economic analysis, equations were developed to predict total tree height, sawlog length and volume, pulpwood volume, and volume of top sawtimber, as functions of tree diameter and stand basal area. Simulations of three cutting regimes showed that management would lead to a steady state faster than would natural growth. Management aimed at maintaining the current average distribution would result in size and species diversity similar to that of an unmanaged stand. From a financial point of view, the q-factor guide and a 13-in.- (330-mm-) diameter-limit cut would be superior to the average current management regime. The diameter-limit regime would have the greatest effect on lowering tree size diversity and an effect on species diversity similar to that of the q-factor guide. A computer program, SOUTHPRO, was developed to simulate the effects of other management alternatives.