Global Trends 2040

Global Trends 2040

Author: National Intelligence Council

Publisher: Cosimo Reports

Published: 2021-03

Total Pages: 158

ISBN-13: 9781646794973

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"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.


The Labor Market and the Transition of Socialist Economies

The Labor Market and the Transition of Socialist Economies

Author: Milan Vodopivec

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 49

ISBN-13:

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One challenge of the transition of socialist economies to multiparty democracy and a market economy will be to reallocate labor while minimizing the social costs of unemployment. Vodopivec identifies the key issues of labor reform and makes policy recommendations.


Anticipated Real Exchange-rate Changes and the Dynamics of Investment

Anticipated Real Exchange-rate Changes and the Dynamics of Investment

Author: Luis Serven

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 54

ISBN-13:

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Unanticipated changes in the real exchange rate affect investment through their impact on the desired capital stock, whose direction depends on a number of factors and is in general ambiguous. In contrast, anticipated changes can also have an important effect on the optimal timing of investment, in a direction that depends on the financial openness of the economy and on the important content of capital goods. This issue is explored using a simple macroeconomic model.


Fiscal Policy and Private Investment in Developing Countries

Fiscal Policy and Private Investment in Developing Countries

Author: Ajay Chhibber

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13:

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The key to sustained recovery in developing countries is the revival of private investment. This revival requires a coordinated set of credible policies - fiscal, exchange rate, tax, and public expenditure restructuring. In several countries the debt overhang is also an obstacle to achieving that credibility.


The Transition to Export-led Growth in South Korea, 1954-66

The Transition to Export-led Growth in South Korea, 1954-66

Author: Stephan Haggard

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13:

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South Korea's transition to export- led growth was a product of the interplay of four factors: pressure from the United States, strong executive power, bureaucratic reform, and a restructuring of the relations between the state and business.


The Macroeconomics of Price Reform in Socialist Countries

The Macroeconomics of Price Reform in Socialist Countries

Author: Simon Commander

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 50

ISBN-13:

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The macroeconomic consequences of adopting different price rules for adjusting controlled prices in systems where controlled and market prices coexist and the implications of varying the proportions of controlled and market prices.