Dementia, Diabetes, and Hypertension
Dementia, Diabetes, and Hypertension

Author: Leandro Bueno Bergantin

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781536192278

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"Dementia, diabetes, and hypertension are considered huge medical problems around the world, costing many millions of dollars to the medical health systems. Curiously, hypertension has been clinically linked with a higher risk for decline of cognition, as shown in dementia patients. In addition, there is a clear clinical association between hypertension and diabetes, reflecting substantial similarities in their etiology. In fact, consistent data support that patients diagnosed with diabetes have shown an increased risk of presenting cognitive dysfunctions, clinical signs of dementia. Considering the cumulative knowledge from the scientific literature, we can now link Ca2+ signals dysregulations as an upstream issue for hypertension, diabetes and other inflammatory processes, and dementia. Regarding therapeutics, hypertensive patients have been classically treated with Ca2+ channel blockers (CCBs), medicines whose mechanism of action consists in reducing the influx of Ca2+ into the cells. Intriguingly, many clinical reports have been demonstrating off-label effects for CCBs. In hypertensive patients treated with CCBs, it can be observed a lower incidence of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease. The possible mechanism of action could be attributed to a restoration of the Ca2+ homeostasis. In addition, in hypertensive patients treated with CCBs, it can be also observed an improvement of diabetes status such as glycemic control. A possible mechanism of action could be due to a restoration of insulin secretion, then achieving glycemic control, and a reduction of the pancreatic [beta]-cell apoptosis. Thus, this book puts together fundamental concepts, and current therapies to treat dementia, hypertension, and diabetes, including novel therapeutics coming from the pharmacological manipulation of Ca2+/cAMP signalling. Finally, this book compiles more than 300 references from the scientific literature, including data of high evidence such as meta-analysis and systematic reviews, and discusses pharmaceuticals already approved and clinically safe, e.g., CCBs, then allowing sustained increments in the life quality of age-related patients"--

Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia
Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia

Author: Velandai Srikanth

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2018-02-09

Total Pages: 322

ISBN-13: 0128096942

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Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia details the relationship between diabetes, dementia and the future of medicine and therapeutics. Chapters range from epidemiology, clinical features, neuroimaging biomarkers, neuropathology, macrostructural and molecular mechanisms, risk assessment and prevention strategies, and the application of therapeutics. The book reflects the translational aspects of the current science in the field, with an emphasis on the display of neuroimaging and neuropathology. It contains contributions from world experts, and is ideal for clinicians and researchers in the fields of neurology, neuroscience, geriatric medicine and endocrinology. - Presents a comprehensive overview that details the relationship between diabetes, dementia and the future of medicine and therapeutics - Written for researchers and clinicians in neurology, neuroscience, geriatric medicine and endocrinology - Includes topics ranging from epidemiology, clinical features, neuroimaging biomarkers, neuropathology, macrostructural and molecular mechanisms, risk assessment, prevention strategies and therapeutic applications

Diabetes and Hypertension
Diabetes and Hypertension

Author: Samy I. McFarlane

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-10-19

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 1603273573

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Diabetes and hypertension have evolved as two of the modern day epidemics affecting millions of people around the world. These two common co-morbidities lead to substantial increase in cardiovascular disease, the major cause of morbidity and mortality of adults around the world. In Diabetes and Hypertension: Evaluation and Management, a panel of renowned experts address a range of critical topics -- from basic concepts in evaluation and management of diabetes and hypertension, such as dietary interventions, to evaluation and management of secondary hypertension in clinical practice. Other chapters focus on high cardiovascular risk populations such as those with coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease and minority patients. In addition, evolving concepts and new developments in the field are presented in other chapters, such as prevention of type 2 diabetes and the epidemic of sleep apnea and its implication for diabetes and hypertension evaluation and management. An important title covering two of the most troubling disorders of our time, Diabetes and Hypertension: Evaluation and Management will provide the busy practitioner with cutting edge knowledge in the field as well as practical information that can translate into better care provided to the high-risk population of diabetics and hypertensive patients.

Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author: Shamim I. Ahmad

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-03-12

Total Pages: 421

ISBN-13: 1461406536

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The editor of this volume, having research interests in the field of ROS production and the damage to cellular systems, has identified a number of enzymes showing ·OH scavenging activities details of which are anticipated to be published in the near future as confirmatory experiments are awaited. It is hoped that the information presented in this book on NDs will stimulate both expert and novice researchers in the field with excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to future research goals. Clinicians, nurses as well as families and caregivers should also benefit from the material presented in handling and treating their specialised cases. Also the insights gained should be valuable for further understanding of the diseases at molecular levels and should lead to development of new biomarkers, novel diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic drugs to treat the clinical problems raised by these devastating diseases.

Preventing Cognitive Decline and Dementia
Preventing Cognitive Decline and Dementia

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-10-05

Total Pages: 181

ISBN-13: 0309459591

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Societies around the world are concerned about dementia and the other forms of cognitive impairment that affect many older adults. We now know that brain changes typically begin years before people show symptoms, which suggests a window of opportunity to prevent or delay the onset of these conditions. Emerging evidence that the prevalence of dementia is declining in high-income countries offers hope that public health interventions will be effective in preventing or delaying cognitive impairments. Until recently, the research and clinical communities have focused primarily on understanding and treating these conditions after they have developed. Thus, the evidence base on how to prevent or delay these conditions has been limited at best, despite the many claims of success made in popular media and advertising. Today, however, a growing body of prevention research is emerging. Preventing Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Way Forward assesses the current state of knowledge on interventions to prevent cognitive decline and dementia, and informs future research in this area. This report provides recommendations of appropriate content for inclusion in public health messages from the National Institute on Aging.

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Author: Leonardo Pantoni

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2014-05

Total Pages: 375

ISBN-13: 1107031664

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Up-to-date discussion of the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this common cause of stroke and cognitive impairment.

Arterial Stiffness in Hypertension
Arterial Stiffness in Hypertension

Author: Michel Safar

Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences

Published: 2006-04-21

Total Pages: 618

ISBN-13: 0444517588

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Main headings: I. Basic concepts of pulsatile arterial hemodynamics. - II. Pathophysiological mechanisms. - III. Arterial stiffness, wave reflections, cardiovascular risk and end-organ damage. - IV. Clinical aspects of arterial stiffness and wave reflections. - V. Therapeutic aspects of arterial stiffness and wave reflections.

Neurovascular Neuropsychology
Neurovascular Neuropsychology

Author: Joanne Festa

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-06-12

Total Pages: 325

ISBN-13: 0387707158

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Neurovascular diseases and conditions, and their associated risk factors, represent a significant cause of cognitive disability in the United States and throughout the world. In the USA alone there are 750,000 new strokes each year, representing the number one cause of disability in the country. Hypertension, found in approximately 50 million Americans, has been shown to be associated with alterations of cognitive function, even in the absence of stroke and dementia. Recent studies of neurovascular disease have now revealed that neuropsychological function may be a more sensitive measure of brain integrity than coordination, motor or sensory function and correlates will with functional outcome measures. Neurovascular Neuropsychology focuses on focal and diffuse neurovascular disease in addition to systemic conditions in which cognition and behavior have been uniquely associated with different pathologic states. With an increasing number of patients being treated by healthcare professionals, Neurovascular Neuropsychology will prove to be a strong reference to consult in regards to neuropsychological syndromes.

The Neuropathology of Dementia
The Neuropathology of Dementia

Author: Margaret M. Esiri

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2004-07-22

Total Pages: 600

ISBN-13: 9780521819152

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Completely rewritten and updated, this new edition is almost twice the size of its predecessor. Illustrated in colour throughout, and with contributions from the world's leading authorities, it is the definitive reference on the neuropathology of dementia. It gives practical guidance to pathologists, describes the contribution of neuroimaging to diagnosis, and surveys the clinical features of dementia. New material includes: Three entirely new chapters on neuroimaging, molecular diagnostics, and transgenic models. Two chapters on tauopathies under new authorship. A chapter under new authorship on synucleinopathies, which includes multiple system atrophy.

Preventing Alzheimer's Disease
Preventing Alzheimer's Disease

Author: National Institutes National Institutes oF Health

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2017-02-16

Total Pages: 28

ISBN-13: 9781543146073

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This booklet summarizes what scientists have learned so far and where research is headed. There is no definitive evidence yet about what can prevent Alzheimer's or age-related cognitive decline. What we do know is that a healthy lifestyle-one that includes a healthy diet, physical activity, appropriate weight, and no smoking-can maintain and improve overall health and well-being. Making healthy choices can also lower the risk of certain chronic diseases, like heart disease and diabetes, and scientists are very interested in the possibility that a healthy lifestyle might have a beneficial effect on Alzheimer's as well. In the meantime, as research continues to pinpoint what works to prevent Alzheimer's, people of all ages can benefit from taking positive steps to get and stay healthy.