Computing the Mind
Computing the Mind

Author: Shimon Edelman

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2008-09-08

Total Pages: 628

ISBN-13: 019971763X

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In a culmination of humanity's millennia-long quest for self knowledge, the sciences of the mind are now in a position to offer concrete, empirically validated answers to the most fundamental questions about human nature. What does it mean to be a mind? How is the mind related to the brain? How are minds shaped by their embodiment and environment? What are the principles behind cognitive functions such as perception, memory, language, thought, and consciousness? By analyzing the tasks facing any sentient being that is subject to stimulation and a pressure to act, Shimon Edelman identifies computation as the common denominator in the emerging answers to all these questions. Any system composed of elements that exchange signals with each other and occasionally with the rest of the world can be said to be engaged in computation. A brain composed of neurons is one example of a system that computes, and the computations that the neurons collectively carry out constitute the brain's mind. Edelman presents a computational account of the entire spectrum of cognitive phenomena that constitutes the mind. He begins with sentience, and uses examples from visual perception to demonstrate that it must, at its very core, be a type of computation. Throughout his account, Edelman acknowledges the human mind's biological origins. Along the way, he also demystifies traits such as creativity, language, and individual and collective consciousness, and hints at how naturally evolved minds can transcend some of their limitations by moving to computational substrates other than brains. The account that Edelman gives in this book is accessible, yet unified and rigorous, and the big picture he presents is supported by evidence ranging from neurobiology to computer science. The book should be read by anyone seeking a comprehensive and current introduction to cognitive psychology.

The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind
The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind

Author: Mark Sprevak

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-09-04

Total Pages: 659

ISBN-13: 1317286715

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Computational approaches dominate contemporary cognitive science, promising a unified, scientific explanation of how the mind works. However, computational approaches raise major philosophical and scientific questions. In what sense is the mind computational? How do computational approaches explain perception, learning, and decision making? What kinds of challenges should computational approaches overcome to advance our understanding of mind, brain, and behaviour? The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind is an outstanding overview and exploration of these issues and the first philosophical collection of its kind. Comprising thirty-five chapters by an international team of contributors from different disciplines, the Handbook is organised into four parts: History and future prospects of computational approaches Types of computational approach Foundations and challenges of computational approaches Applications to specific parts of psychology. Essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind, philosophy of psychology, and philosophy of science, The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind will also be of interest to those studying computational models in related subjects such as psychology, neuroscience, and computer science.

Computing the Mind
Computing the Mind

Author: Shimon Edelman

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2008-09-08

Total Pages: 628

ISBN-13: 0195320670

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In a culmination of humanity's millennia-long quest for self knowledge, the sciences of the mind are now in a position to offer concrete, empirically validated answers to the most fundamental questions about human nature. What does it mean to be a mind? How is the mind related to the brain? How are minds shaped by their embodiment and environment? What are the principles behind cognitive functions such as perception, memory, language, thought, and consciousness?By analyzing the tasks facing any sentient being that is subject to stimulation and a pressure to act, Shimon Edelman identifies computation as the common denominator in the emerging answers to all these questions. Any system composed of elements that exchange signals with each other and occasionally with the rest of the world can be said to be engaged in computation. A brain composed of neurons is one example of a system that computes, and the computations that the neurons collectively carry out constitute the brain's mind.Edelman presents a computational account of the entire spectrum of cognitive phenomena that constitutes the mind. He begins with sentience, and uses examples from visual perception to demonstrate that it must, at its very core, be a type of computation. Throughout his account, Edelman acknowledges the human mind's biological origins. Along the way, he also demystifies traits such as creativity, language, and individual and collective consciousness, and hints at how naturally evolved minds can transcend some of their limitations by moving to computational substrates other than brains. The account that Edelman gives in this book is accessible, yet unified and rigorous, and the big picture he presents is supported by evidence ranging from neurobiology to computer science. The book should be read by anyone seeking a comprehensive and current introduction to cognitive psychology.

The Emperor's New Mind
The Emperor's New Mind

Author: Roger Penrose

Publisher: Oxford Paperbacks

Published: 1999-03-04

Total Pages: 634

ISBN-13: 0192861980

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Winner of the Wolf Prize for his contribution to our understanding of the universe, Penrose takes on the question of whether artificial intelligence will ever approach the intricacy of the human mind. 144 illustrations.

The Computer and the Brain
The Computer and the Brain

Author: John Von Neumann

Publisher: Yale University Press

Published: 2000-01-01

Total Pages: 116

ISBN-13: 9780300084733

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This book represents the views of one of the greatest mathematicians of the twentieth century on the analogies between computing machines and the living human brain. John von Neumann concludes that the brain operates in part digitally, in part analogically, but uses a peculiar statistical language unlike that employed in the operation of man-made computers. This edition includes a new foreword by two eminent figures in the fields of philosophy, neuroscience, and consciousness.

Memory and the Computational Brain
Memory and the Computational Brain

Author: C. R. Gallistel

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Published: 2009-04-27

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 9781405122870

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Memory and the Computational Brain offers a provocative argument that goes to the heart of neuroscience, proposing that the field can and should benefit from the recent advances of cognitive science and the development of information theory over the course of the last several decades. A provocative argument that impacts across the fields of linguistics, cognitive science, and neuroscience, suggesting new perspectives on learning mechanisms in the brain Proposes that the field of neuroscience can and should benefit from the recent advances of cognitive science and the development of information theory Suggests that the architecture of the brain is structured precisely for learning and for memory, and integrates the concept of an addressable read/write memory mechanism into the foundations of neuroscience Based on lectures in the prestigious Blackwell-Maryland Lectures in Language and Cognition, and now significantly reworked and expanded to make it ideal for students and faculty

Shadows of the Mind
Shadows of the Mind

Author: Roger Penrose

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 1994

Total Pages: 484

ISBN-13: 9780195106466

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Presents the author's thesis that consciousness, in its manifestation in the human quality of understanding, is doing something that mere computation cannot; and attempts to understand how such non-computational action might arise within scientifically comprehensive physical laws.

Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing
Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing

Author: Robert Kozma

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2023-10-11

Total Pages: 398

ISBN-13: 0323958168

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Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing, Second Edition demonstrates that present disruptive implications and applications of AI is a development of the unique attributes of neural networks, mainly machine learning, distributed architectures, massive parallel processing, black-box inference, intrinsic nonlinearity, and smart autonomous search engines. The book covers the major basic ideas of "brain-like computing" behind AI, provides a framework to deep learning, and launches novel and intriguing paradigms as possible future alternatives. The present success of AI-based commercial products proposed by top industry leaders, such as Google, IBM, Microsoft, Intel, and Amazon, can be interpreted using the perspective presented in this book by viewing the co-existence of a successful synergism among what is referred to as computational intelligence, natural intelligence, brain computing, and neural engineering. The new edition has been updated to include major new advances in the field, including many new chapters. - Developed from the 30th anniversary of the International Neural Network Society (INNS) and the 2017 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN - Authored by top experts, global field pioneers, and researchers working on cutting-edge applications in signal processing, speech recognition, games, adaptive control and decision-making - Edited by high-level academics and researchers in intelligent systems and neural networks - Includes all new chapters, including topics such as Frontiers in Recurrent Neural Network Research; Big Science, Team Science, Open Science for Neuroscience; A Model-Based Approach for Bridging Scales of Cortical Activity; A Cognitive Architecture for Object Recognition in Video; How Brain Architecture Leads to Abstract Thought; Deep Learning-Based Speech Separation and Advances in AI, Neural Networks

Ultimate Computing
Ultimate Computing

Author: S.R. Hameroff

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2014-04-11

Total Pages: 380

ISBN-13: 0444600094

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The possibility of direct interfacing between biological and technological information devices could result in a merger of mind and machine - Ultimate Computing. This book, a thorough consideration of this idea, involves a number of disciplines, including biochemistry, cognitive science, computer science, engineering, mathematics, microbiology, molecular biology, pharmacology, philosophy, physics, physiology, and psychology.

Quantum Computing for the Brain
Quantum Computing for the Brain

Author: Melanie Swan

Publisher: Wspc (Europe)

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 512

ISBN-13: 9781800610613

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Quantum Computing for the Brain argues that the brain is the killer application for quantum computing. No other system is as complex, as multidimensional in time and space, as dynamic, as less well-understood, as of peak interest, and as in need of three-dimensional modeling as it functions in real-life, as the brain. Quantum computing has emerged as a platform suited to contemporary data processing needs, surpassing classical computing and supercomputing. This book shows how quantum computing's increased capacity to model classical data with quantum states and the ability to run more complex permutations of problems can be employed in neuroscience applications such as neural signaling and synaptic integration. State-of-the-art methods are discussed such as quantum machine learning, tensor networks, Born machines, quantum kernel learning, wavelet transforms, Rydberg atom arrays, ion traps, boson sampling, graph-theoretic models, quantum optical machine learning, neuromorphic architectures, spiking neural networks, quantum teleportation, and quantum walks. Quantum Computing for the Brain is a comprehensive one-stop resource for an improved understanding of the converging research frontiers of foundational physics, information theory, and neuroscience in the context of quantum computing.