Bringing Chemistry to Life

Bringing Chemistry to Life

Author: Robert Joseph Paton Williams

Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 548

ISBN-13: 9780198505464

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In this book, the authors describe the long journey from formless inanimate matter to man, explaining the nature and the logic of the physical-chemical processes involved. It stresses the limitations of reductionism analyses of these processes as complexity increases and novel properties emerge. And, in particular, the authors develop the idea that it was chemical change of the environment that allowed evolution of life to occur and that this evolution required successive addition of new message systems and information codes connected, compatible, and cooperative with previous extant systems. In doing so, the authors analyze the relationship between chemical element content and speciation both in inanimate and living systems in terms of fundamental units and variables or composite (derived) units and variables. Through such analysis, the authors conclude that chemical speciation is very much a matter of chemical cooperation (order versus disorder) while biological speciation requires cooperative flow of chemicals and energy (organization versus disorder). They argue that chance mutations of DNA are far too simple to provide a basis for evolution and biological diversity, though it is a representation of such diversity. It is the survival strength of systems of molecular machinery which separate and generate living species. In the final chapter, they analyze the effect of man's activities on the present global and local ecosystems and speculate on the possible nature of the emergent properties to be expected from an ever-increasing complexity of information based modern societies.


Silent Spring

Silent Spring

Author: Rachel Carson

Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 404

ISBN-13: 9780618249060

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The essential, cornerstone book of modern environmentalism is now offered in a handsome 40th anniversary edition which features a new Introduction by activist Terry Tempest Williams and a new Afterword by Carson biographer Linda Lear.


Teachers Creating Context-Based Learning Environments in Science

Teachers Creating Context-Based Learning Environments in Science

Author:

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2019-02-18

Total Pages: 261

ISBN-13: 9463006842

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Context-based science education has led to the transformation of science education in countries all over the world, with changes also visible in learning environments and how these are being shaped. These changes involve authentic problems on research and design, new types of interactions within communities of practice, new content areas and also new challenges for teachers in teaching, motivating, scaffolding and assessing their students, among other things. This book focuses on context-based science education and its resulting changes in the perspective of research on learning environments. It also focuses on the implications for the teachers and the professional development of their competencies and beliefs. The book consists of eleven chapters by experts in various themes surrounding learning environments research and science education, preceded by and concluded with a chapter with reflections on context-based learning environments in science by the editors of this book. The conclusion they draw is that professional development of science teachers may be the most important and the most difficult part of the process of teachers creating context-based learning environments in science, as is the focus in the title of this book.


Drug Repositioning

Drug Repositioning

Author: Michael J. Barratt

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2012-05-29

Total Pages: 499

ISBN-13: 0470878274

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The how's and why's of successful drug repositioning Drug repositioning, also known as drug reprofiling or repurposing, has become an increasingly important part of the drug development process. This book examines the business, technical, scientific, and operational challenges and opportunities that drug repositioning offers. Readers will learn how to perform the latest experimental and computational methods that support drug repositioning, and detailed case studies throughout the book demonstrate how these methods fit within the context of a comprehensive drug repositioning strategy. Drug Repositioning is divided into three parts: Part 1, Drug Repositioning: Business Case, Strategies, and Operational Considerations, examines the medical and commercial drivers underpinning the quest to reposition existing drugs, guiding readers through the key strategic, technical, operational, and regulatory decisions needed for successful drug repositioning programs. Part 2, Application of Technology Platforms to Uncover New Indications and Repurpose Existing Drugs, sets forth computational-based strategies, tools, and databases that have been designed for repositioning studies, screening approaches, including combinations of existing drugs, and a look at the development of chemically modified analogs of approved agents. Part 3, Academic and Non-Profit Initiatives & the Role of Alliances in the Drug Repositioning Industry, explores current investigations for repositioning drugs to treat rare and neglected diseases, which are frequently overlooked by for-profit pharmaceutical companies due to their lack of commercial return. The book's appendix provides valuable resources for drug repositioning researchers, including information on drug repositioning and reformulation companies, databases, government resources and organizations, regulatory agencies, and drug repositioning initiatives from academia and non-profits. With this book as their guide, students and pharmaceutical researchers can learn how to use drug repositioning techniques to extend the lifespan and applications of existing drugs as well as maximize the return on investment in drug research and development.


The Natural Selection of the Chemical Elements

The Natural Selection of the Chemical Elements

Author: J. J. R. Fraústo da Silva

Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 646

ISBN-13: 9780198558422

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This beautifully written book is a study of the intimate relationship between the inanimate environment and living organisms. It describes how the evolution of both has been interactive and interdependent: the environment and life developed together, The authors show that this can be explained in terms of the properties of the chemical elements and their compounds. It discusses the physical and chemical balances between the animate and inanimate worlds, with kinetic and thermodynamic principles given to support this analysis. These principles are applied to both organic and inorganic chemical systems to provide a basis for understanding the evolution of life in terms of the interaction of both types of chemistry within ever more complex organisations. The book conludes with an examination of an intriguing problem for mankind: the long-term consequences of man's selection and manipulation of chemicals. This may have consequences for the long-term future of life from changes in the environment - not just only due to bulk but also to trace element alterations.


Chemistry for the Biosciences

Chemistry for the Biosciences

Author: Jonathan Crowe

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2010-03-25

Total Pages: 706

ISBN-13: 0199570876

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Education In Chemistry, on the first edition of Chemistry for the Biosciences. --


What is Life?

What is Life?

Author: Addy Pross

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2012-09-27

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 0191650897

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Seventy years ago, Erwin Schrödinger posed a profound question: 'What is life, and how did it emerge from non-life?' This problem has puzzled biologists and physical scientists ever since. Living things are hugely complex and have unique properties, such as self-maintenance and apparently purposeful behaviour which we do not see in inert matter. So how does chemistry give rise to biology? What could have led the first replicating molecules up such a path? Now, developments in the emerging field of 'systems chemistry' are unlocking the problem. Addy Pross shows how the different kind of stability that operates among replicating molecules results in a tendency for chemical systems to become more complex and acquire the properties of life. Strikingly, he demonstrates that Darwinian evolution is the biological expression of a deeper, well-defined chemical concept: the whole story from replicating molecules to complex life is one continuous process governed by an underlying physical principle. The gulf between biology and the physical sciences is finally becoming bridged. This new edition includes an Epilogue describing developments in the concepts of fundamental forms of stability discussed in the book, and their profound implications. Oxford Landmark Science books are 'must-read' classics of modern science writing which have crystallized big ideas, and shaped the way we think.


A World from Dust

A World from Dust

Author: Benjamin J. McFarland

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 0190275014

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In A World From Dust, Ben McFarland brings together the latest genetic, chemical, mathematic, and geological evidence to tell the story of how life has evolved on this planet over billions of years.


Water and Life

Water and Life

Author: Ruth M. Lynden-Bell

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2010-05-21

Total Pages: 398

ISBN-13: 1439803579

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Reflecting a rich technical and interdisciplinary exchange of ideas, Water and Life: The Unique Properties of H20 focuses on the properties of water and its interaction with life. The book develops a variety of approaches that help to illuminate ways in which to address deeper questions with respect to the nature of the universe and our place withi