Aquaculture has become one of the main sources of human food, and the per capita food fish supply has reached 21 kilograms in 2019. With the expansion of the farming industry and the deterioration of the farming environment, outbreaks of various infectious diseases have become more and more serious, resulting in huge economic losses. In the past, antibiotics were commonly used to control diseases in aquaculture animals. However, the overuse of antibiotics caused various problems such as pathogen resistance, drug residues and environmental pollution. As a result, the development of functional ingredients added to feed to improve the health of aquaculture animals is necessary for the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.
This book is about relevant recent research topics in understanding aquaculture for practical approaches; aquatic science, engineering, feed and nutrition, immunology and health are reviewed. The book includes information on why certain fish strains differ in disease resistance, all the current data on fish cell populations, the regulation of the response by factors, and the major histocompatibility complex are explained in detail. The book contains the chapters on nutrition, feed and feed additives, ecology, immunology, microbiology, toxicology, biochemistry, nanotechnology, pharmacology, and biotechnology, among other fields of basic and applied research. Over the past era, scientists have recognized the importance of nutrition in maintaining the health of humans and other animal species, including fish. Humans and other terrestrial animals were the focus of previous research on the links between nutrition, immune response, and disease resistance. However, attempts to conduct similar studies using fish have met with limited success in the last two decades due to a lack of understanding of the immune response in fish. In most facilities, the animals are kept at relatively high densities, causing stress and disease problems are the challenges that we face today and this book opens up the exciting new area of research to truly understand the relationship between fish genetics and immune reactivity. The aquatic immune system turns out to be a crucial reference as aquatic products are increasingly used as model systems for vertebrate immune systems. This book provides that the research students and scientists with a useful text on the latest knowledge of the aquatic feed and nutrition, immune system, cutting-edge technologies, draws everyone’s attention to the practice of small-scale aquaculture and provides a guide on how to responsibly use the water ecosystem and the steps needed to develop, test and market fish vaccines. The chapters will serve as introductions to these fields and up-to-date reviews of recent research advances. This book is intended for a wide range of readers, including nutritionists, disease specialists, feed formulators, students, extension specialists, and farmers, as well as university teachers, graduates and doctoral students in zoology, physiology, aquaculture, and biology in general.
Aquaculture Health Management: Design and Operation Approaches is an essential reference for the diverse aquaculture community. With the steadily increasing importance of healthy fish production and the expansion of the animal aquaculture industry to new geographic areas, new microbial and parasitic species with pathogenic potential continue to emerge. The book covers the broad spectrum of fish and shellfish health, the functional roles of pathogen emergence, and the impacts of nutrition and preventative medicine such as pre- and probiotics, as well as chemical treatments, relevant legislation and more. This reference takes a comprehensive approach to understanding overall fish health management, making it valuable to aquaculturists, practitioners in aquatic animal health, veterinarians and all those in industry, government or academia who are interested in aquaculture and fisheries and their sustainable futures. Presents the biosecurity measures used to prevent the spread of disease Discusses fish immunology to help readers understand preventive medicine for a healthy fish production Examines the latest scientific methods and technologies to maximize efficiencies for healthy fish production for farming Includes the most commonly researched fish, crustaceans and mollusks in aquaculture
Aquafeed Formulation is the only resource that provides summaries with examples and formulation techniques specifically to meet the needs of anyone in the aquaculture industry. As feed is the largest single cost item in aquaculture production, and formulating aquaculture feed requires many combinations of several ingredients and nutrient requirements, this book takes a clear-and -concise approach, providing essential information on formulation and covering relevant available software, feed nutrients, and additives such as enzymes and phytase and conjugated fatty acids, as well as best industry practices to improve aquafeed production. Users will find this to be a one-stop resource for anyone interested or involved in, the global aquaculture industry. Includes the latest software evaluation for calculating protein and amino acid sources, trace minerals, and vitamins for aquaculture diets Provides essential information on formulation, covering feed nutrients and additives such as enzymes and phytase and conjugated fatty acids Presents factors affecting nutrient recommendations for aquaculture diets and nutritional effects on aquaculture nutrient excretion and water quality Covers a broad range of techniques to understand the nutrient recommendations in the NRC guide
The main effects of Seaweed extracts (Ascophyllum, Fucus, Sargassum, Saccorhiza, Laminaria, Gelidium and others), when used as agricultural fertilizers, are better seed germination and higher quality fruit production, with longer shelf life; better use of soil nutrients; more productive crops and plants with greater resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions. Algae also have a long history of use as animal feed. They have a highly variable composition depending on the species, collection season and habitat, and on external conditions such as water temperature, light intensity and nutrient concentration in water. In relation to ruminal fermentation, a high variability of the digestibility values was found among seaweed species and cannot be attributed only to the composition of different nutrients of the algae. The role of marine algae for reduction of methane production is discussed with particular emphasis on novel algae-based feed strategies that target minimal methane emissions without affecting the functionality of the microbiota and overall animal productivity. Key Features: Sustainable Agriculture Natural Feeding Nutrients Liquid Seaweed Agricultural Biostimulants Natural Pesticides
This Springer Handbook provides, for the first time, a complete and consistent overview over the methods, applications, and products in the field of marine biotechnology. A large portion of the surface of the earth (ca. 70%) is covered by the oceans. More than 80% of the living organisms on the earth are found in aquatic ecosystems. The aquatic systems thus constitute a rich reservoir for various chemical materials and (bio-)chemical processes. Edited by a renowned expert with a longstanding experience, and including over 60 contributions from leading international scientists, the Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology is a major authoritative desk reference for everyone interested or working in the field of marine biotechnology and bioprocessing - from undergraduate and graduate students, over scientists and teachers, to professionals. Marine biotechnology is concerned with the study of biochemical materials and processes from marine sources, that play a vital role in the isolation of novel drugs, and to bring them to industrial and pharmaceutical development. Today, a multitude of bioprocess techniques is employed to isolate and produce marine natural compounds, novel biomaterials, or proteins and enzymes from marine organisms, and to bring them to applications as pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals or nutraceuticals, or for the production of bioenergy from marine sources. All these topics are addressed by the Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology. The book is divided into ten parts. Each part is consistently organized, so that the handbook provides a sound introduction to marine biotechnology - from historical backgrounds and the fundamentals, over the description of the methods and technology, to their applications - but it can also be used as a reference work. Key topics include: - Marine flora and fauna - Tools and methods in marine biotechnology - Marine genomics - Marine microbiology - Bioenergy and biofuels - Marine bioproducts in industrial applications - Marine bioproducts in medical and pharmaceutical applications - and many more...
