With the publication of the Final CLIA Rule, new method validation responsibilities came to the laboratory. Previously, moderately complex methods did not need to be validated. But the Final Rule combined moderately and highly complex methods into a category of non-waived methods. Now Laboratories must validate all non-waived methods introduced after April 24, 2003. To help laboratory professionals comply with these new regulatory changes, a second edition of this manual was prepared. Book jacket.
Practical approaches to ensure that analytical methods and instruments meet GMP standards and requirements Complementing the authors' first book, Analytical Method Validation and Instrument Performance Verification, this new volume provides coverage of more advanced topics, focusing on additional and supplemental methods, instruments, and electronic systems that are used in pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, and clinical testing. Readers will gain new and valuable insights that enable them to avoid common pitfalls in order to seamlessly conduct analytical method validation as well as instrument operation qualification and performance verification. Part 1, Method Validation, begins with an overview of the book's risk-based approach to phase appropriate validation and instrument qualification; it then focuses on the strategies and requirements for early phase drug development, including validation of specific techniques and functions such as process analytical technology, cleaning validation, and validation of laboratory information management systems Part 2, Instrument Performance Verification, explores the underlying principles and techniques for verifying instrument performance—coverage includes analytical instruments that are increasingly important to the pharmaceutical industry, such as NIR spectrometers and particle size analyzers—and offers readers a variety of alternative approaches for the successful verification of instrument performance based on the needs of their labs At the end of each chapter, the authors examine important practical problems and share their solutions. All the methods covered in this book follow Good Analytical Practices (GAP) to ensure that reliable data are generated in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). Analysts, scientists, engineers, technologists, and technical managers should turn to this book to ensure that analytical methods and instruments are accurate and meet GMP standards and requirements.
Adopting a practical approach, the authors provide a detailed interpretation of the existing regulations (GMP, ICH), while also discussing the appropriate calculations, parameters and tests. The book thus allows readers to validate the analysis of pharmaceutical compounds while complying with both the regulations as well as the industry demands for robustness and cost effectiveness. Following an introduction to the basic parameters and tests in pharmaceutical validation, including specificity, linearity, range, precision, accuracy, detection and quantitation limits, the text focuses on a life-cycle approach to validation and the integration of validation into the whole analytical quality assurance system. The whole is rounded off with a look at future trends. With its first-hand knowledge of the industry as well as regulating bodies, this is an invaluable reference for analytical chemists, the pharmaceutical industry, pharmaceutists, QA officers, and public authorities.
The need to validate an analytical or bioanalytical method is encountered by analysts in the pharmaceutical industry on an almost daily basis, because adequately validated methods are a necessity for approvable regulatory filings. What constitutes a validated method, however, is subject to analyst interpretation because there is no universally accepted industry practice for assay validation. This book is intended to serve as a guide to the analyst in terms of the issues and parameters that must be considered in the development and validation of analytical methods. In addition to the critical issues surrounding method validation, this book also deals with other related factors such as method development, data acquisition, automation, cleaning validation and regulatory considerations. The book is divided into three parts. Part One, comprising two chapters, looks at some of the basic concepts of method validation. Chapter 1 discusses the general concept of validation and its role in the process of transferring methods from laboratory to laboratory. Chapter 2 looks at some of the critical parameters included in a validation program and the various statistical treatments given to these parameters. Part Two (Chapters 3, 4 and 5) of the book focuses on the regulatory perspective of analytical validation. Chapter 3 discusses in some detail how validation is treated by various regulatory agencies around the world, including the United States, Canada, the European Community, Australia and Japan. This chapter also discusses the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) treatment of assay validation. Chapters 4 and 5 cover the issues and various perspectives of the recent United States vs. Barr Laboratories Inc. case involving the retesting of samples. Part Three (Chapters 6 - 12) covers the development and validation of various analytical components of the pharmaceutical product development process. This part of the book contains specific chapters dedicated to bulk drug substances and finished products, dissolution studies, robotics and automated workstations, biotechnology products, biological samples, analytical methods for cleaning procedures and computer systems and computer-aided validation. Each chapter goes into some detail describing the critical development and related validation considerations for each topic. This book is not intended to be a practical description of the analytical validation process, but more of a guide to the critical parameters and considerations that must be attended to in a pharmaceutical development program. Despite the existence of numerous guidelines including the recent attempts by the ICH to be implemented in 1998, the practical part of assay validation will always remain, to a certain extent, a matter of the personal preference of the analyst or company. Nevertheless, this book brings together the perspectives of several experts having extensive experience in different capacities in the pharmaceutical industry in an attempt to bring some consistency to analytical method development and validation.
Risk Analysis is coming to medical laboratories. But for too many labs, Risk Analysis is a buzzword without meaning, an approach without defined technique. At worst, it threatens to appear like science while being implemented like guesswork. In this book, Dr. Westgard surveys the ISO standards, as well as published CLSI guidelines, and the long-established Joint Commission methodology for Proactive Risk Reduction. After providing an overview of the general Risk Analysis approach, Dr. Westgard explains how to adapt the principles for the medical laboratory, with performance-based tools and practical implementation tips: * Process maps, flowcharts and fishbone diagrams * Risk Acceptability matrices * Assessment of hazards through Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA) * Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Failure Reporting, Analysis and Corrective Actions System (FRACAS) * Six Sigma metric integration into Risk Analysis Using Six Sigma metrics, Dr. Westgard shows how Risk Analysis can be converted from qualitative and ephemeral to something more quantitative and concrete. When performance data informs Risk Analysis, the decisions become more relevant to medical laboratories and the patients they serve. Don't settle for arbitrary guesswork in your Risk Analysis. Combine the power of Six Sigma and Risk Analysis tools.
The book introduces the new concepts of target measurement uncertainty and decision rules and explains how to use them to demonstrate a method is fit-for-purpose. As well, they can be used to set the acceptance criteria for a method validation clearly and quantitatively. Examples are given that illustrate the concepts so that the reader can easily apply decision rules and target measurement uncertainty to their methods. The book covers all aspects of method validation from stating the purpose of the method using a Decision Rule, calculating the target measurement uncertainty, deciding the required parameters that need to be included in the method validation, estimating the measurement uncertainty, and setting the acceptance criteria. With this approach the reader will fully understand the method, what its critical control points are and what to control and monitor during routine use. This approach fits in well with the lifecycle approach to analytical methods. The book covers the basics and advanced aspects of method validation so that it is useful for people new to method validation and those with experience. The book is applicable for laboratories in many industries, from mining to pharmaceutical manufacturing to food analysis....
Principles and Practices of Method Validation is an overview of the most recent approaches used for method validation in cases when a large number of analytes are determined from a single aliquot and where a large number of samples are to be analysed. Much of the content relates to the validation of new methods for pesticide residue analysis in foodstuffs and water but the principles can be applied to other similar fields of analysis. Different chromatographic methods are discussed, including estimation of various effects, eg. matrix-induced effects and the influence of the equipment set-up. The methods used for routine purposes and the validation of analytical data in the research and development environment are documented. The legislation covering the EU-Guidance on residue analytical methods, an extensive review of the existing in-house method validation documentation and guidelines for single-laboratory validation of analytical methods for trace-level concentrations of organic chemicals are also included. With contributions from experts in the field, any practising analyst dealing with method validation will find the examples presented in this book a useful source of technical information.
