Optical Spectroscopy
Optical Spectroscopy

Author: Nikolai V. Tkachenko

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2006-06-06

Total Pages: 323

ISBN-13: 0080461727

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Optical Spectroscopy bridges a gap by providing a background on optics while focusing on spectroscopic methodologies, tools and instrumentations. The book introduces the most widely used steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques, makes comparisions between them, and provides the methodology for estimating the most important characteristics of the techniques such as sensitivity and time resolution. Recent developments in lasers, optics and electronics has had a significant impact on modern optical spectroscopic methods and instrumentations. Combining the newest lasers, advanced detectors and other high technology components researchers are able to assemble a spectroscopic instrument with characteristics that were hardly achievable a decade ago. This book will help readers to sourse spectroscopy tools to solve their problems by providing information on the most widely used methods while introducing readers to the principles of quantitative analysis of the application range for each methodology. In addition, background information is provided on optics, optical measurements and laser physics, which is of crucial importance for spectroscopic applications.* provides an overview of the most popular absorption/emission spectroscopy techniques* discusses application range, advantages and disadvantages are compared for different spectroscopy methods* provides introductions to the relevant topics such as optics and laser physics

New Horizons in Time-Domain Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy and Imaging
New Horizons in Time-Domain Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy and Imaging

Author: Yoko Hoshi

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2020-06-23

Total Pages: 246

ISBN-13: 3039361007

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Jöbsis was the first to describe the in vivo application of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), also called diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS). NIRS was originally designed for the clinical monitoring of tissue oxygenation, and today it has also become a useful tool for neuroimaging studies (functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS). However, difficulties in the selective and quantitative measurements of tissue hemoglobin (Hb), which have been central in the NIRS field for over 40 years, remain to be solved. To overcome these problems, time-domain (TD) and frequency-domain (FD) measurements have been tried. Presently, a wide range of NIRS instruments are available, including commonly available commercial instruments for continuous wave (CW) measurements, based on the modified Beer–Lambert law (steady-state domain measurements). Among these measurements, the TD measurement is the most promising approach, although compared with CW and FD measurements, TD measurements are less common, due to the need for large and expensive instruments with poor temporal resolution and limited dynamic range. However, thanks to technological developments, TD measurements are increasingly being used in research, and also in various clinical settings. This Special Issue highlights issues at the cutting edge of TD DOS and diffuse optical tomography (DOT). It covers all aspects related to TD measurements, including advances in hardware, methodology, the theory of light propagation, and clinical applications.

Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence
Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence

Author: Paula G. Coble

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2014-07-14

Total Pages: 407

ISBN-13: 0521764610

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A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.

Comprehensive Chiroptical Spectroscopy, Volume 1
Comprehensive Chiroptical Spectroscopy, Volume 1

Author: Nina Berova

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2011-12-14

Total Pages: 797

ISBN-13: 1118120175

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This book provides an introduction to the important methods of chiroptical spectroscopy in general, and circular dichroism (CD) in particular, which are increasingly important in all areas of chemistry, biochemistry, and structural biology. The book can be used as a text for undergraduate and graduate students and as a reference for researchers in academia and industry, with or without the companion volume in this set. Experimental methods and instrumentation are described with topics ranging from the most widely used methods (electronic and vibrational CD) to frontier areas such as nonlinear spectroscopy and photoelectron CD, as well as the theory of chiroptical methods and techniques for simulating chiroptical properties. Each chapter is written by one or more leading authorities with extensive experience in the field.

Encyclopedia of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
Encyclopedia of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry

Author: John H. Moore

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2023-07-03

Total Pages: 715

ISBN-13: 1003803237

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The Encyclopedia of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics introduces possibly unfamiliar areas, explains important experimental and computational techniques, and describes modern endeavors. The encyclopedia quickly provides the basics, defines the scope of each subdiscipline, and indicates where to go for a more complete and detailed explanation. Particular attention has been paid to symbols and abbreviations to make this a user-friendly encyclopedia. Care has been taken to ensure that the reading level is suitable for the trained chemist or physicist. The encyclopedia is divided in three major sections: FUNDAMENTALS: the mechanics of atoms and molecules and their interactions, the macroscopic and statistical description of systems at equilibrium, and the basic ways of treating reacting systems. The contributions in this section assume a somewhat less sophisticated audience than the two subsequent sections. At least a portion of each article inevitably covers material that might also be found in a modern, undergraduate physical chemistry text. METHODS: the instrumentation and fundamental theory employed in the major spectroscopic techniques, the experimental means for characterizing materials, the instrumentation and basic theory employed in the study of chemical kinetics, and the computational techniques used to predict the static and dynamic properties of materials. APPLICATIONS: specific topics of current interest and intensive research. For the practicing physicist or chemist, this encyclopedia is the place to start when confronted with a new problem or when the techniques of an unfamiliar area might be exploited. For a graduate student in chemistry or physics, the encyclopedia gives a synopsis of the basics and an overview of the range of activities in which physical principles are applied to chemical problems. It will lead any of these groups to the salient points of a new field as rapidly as possible and gives pointers as to where to read about the topic in more detail.

Terahertz Spectroscopy
Terahertz Spectroscopy

Author: Susan L. Dexheimer

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-12-19

Total Pages: 358

ISBN-13: 142000770X

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The development of new sources and methods in the terahertz spectral range has generated intense interest in terahertz spectroscopy and its application in an array of fields. Presenting state-of-the-art terahertz spectroscopic techniques, Terahertz Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications focuses on time-domain methods based on femtosecond laser sources and important recent applications in physics, materials science, chemistry, and biomedicine. The first section of the book examines instrumentation and methods for terahertz spectroscopy. It provides a comprehensive treatment of time-domain terahertz spectroscopic measurements, including methods for the generation and detection of terahertz radiation, methods for determining optical constants from time-domain measurements, and the use of femtosecond time-resolved techniques. The last two sections explore a variety of applications of terahertz spectroscopy in physics, materials science, chemistry, and biomedicine. With chapters contributed by leading experts in academia, industry, and research, this volume thoroughly discusses methods and applications, setting it apart from other recent books in this emerging terahertz field.

Spectroscopy for Materials Characterization
Spectroscopy for Materials Characterization

Author: Simonpietro Agnello

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2021-09-08

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 1119697328

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SPECTROSCOPY FOR MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION Learn foundational and advanced spectroscopy techniques from leading researchers in physics, chemistry, surface science, and nanoscience In Spectroscopy for Materials Characterization, accomplished researcher Simonpietro Agnello delivers a practical and accessible compilation of various spectroscopy techniques taught and used to today. The book offers a wide-ranging approach taught by leading researchers working in physics, chemistry, surface science, and nanoscience. It is ideal for both new students and advanced researchers studying and working with spectroscopy. Topics such as confocal and two photon spectroscopy, as well as infrared absorption and Raman and micro-Raman spectroscopy, are discussed, as are thermally stimulated luminescence and spectroscopic studies of radiation effects on optical materials. Each chapter includes a basic introduction to the theory necessary to understand a specific technique, details about the characteristic instrumental features and apparatuses used, including tips for the appropriate arrangement of a typical experiment, and a reproducible case study that shows the discussed techniques used in a real laboratory. Readers will benefit from the inclusion of: Complete and practical case studies at the conclusion of each chapter to highlight the concepts and techniques discussed in the material Citations of additional resources ideal for further study A thorough introduction to the basic aspects of radiation matter interaction in the visible-ultraviolet range and the fundamentals of absorption and emission A rigorous exploration of time resolved spectroscopy at the nanosecond and femtosecond intervals Perfect for Master and Ph.D. students and researchers in physics, chemistry, engineering, and biology, Spectroscopy for Materials Characterization will also earn a place in the libraries of materials science researchers and students seeking a one-stop reference to basic and advanced spectroscopy techniques.

Applications of Time-resolved Optical Spectroscopy
Applications of Time-resolved Optical Spectroscopy

Author: Volkmar Brückner

Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13:

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Time-resolved optical spectroscopy has developed rapidly in recent years, and the development of various types of lasers for ultrashort light pulses has enabled spectroscopists to increase the temporal resolution to the picosecond, and even femtosecond, range. The field of ultrafast spectroscopy, while still in its early stages, is evolving rapidly and a compilation of methods and results, their classification and critical evaluation is therefore greatly in demand. This book meets that need by summarizing and classifying current knowledge on the application of ultrafast optical methods in photophysics, photochemistry, photobiology and other related fields. Written in textbook style, it begins with a short summary and discussion of the relevant methods and devices, ranging from millisecond flash photolysis to femtosecond devices, and covering the detection of short-lived intermediates by time-resolved Raman spectroscopy. This is followed by a detailed description of data analysis and interpretation of results for various experimental methods. The authors discuss very thoroughly the precision of experimental data, the potential of data-acquisition systems and the necessity of combining various experimental methods in order to investigate complex processes. Applications are discussed from the point of view of scientists interested in the detection and investigation of (photo)reactions by means of time-resolved optical methods. The processes occurring in photophysics, photochemistry and photobiology are therefore described in connection with the information available from time-resolved optical spectra. The book is suitable both as an advanced text for students of physics and chemistry, and as a reference work for professional spectroscopists. It provides them with an introduction to the variety of processes occurring after excitation of molecules and a thorough understanding of the potentials and limitations of various ultrafast spectroscopic methods which are used to observe these processes.

New Trends in Fluorescence Spectroscopy
New Trends in Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Author: Bernard Valeur

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 496

ISBN-13: 364256853X

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This first volume in the new Springer Series on Fluorescence brings together fundamental and applied research from this highly interdisciplinary and field, ranging from chemistry and physics to biology and medicine. Special attention is given to supramolecular systems, sensor applications, confocal microscopy and protein-protein interactions. This carefully edited collection of articles is an invaluable tool for practitioners and novices.