The Living State

The Living State

Author: Albert Szent-Gyorgyi

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 125

ISBN-13: 032316109X

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The Living State: With Observations on Cancer explores some facets of life, including its pattern and structure, cellular mechanisms, and its connection with biochemistry and biophysics. It reflects the author's journey in his desire to understand life by looking at cells, animals, bacteria, molecules, and electrons, as well as his observations on cancer. Organized into eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the scientific community's longstanding pursuit to understand life and its origins. It then discusses water as an essential medium of organic matter on which life's machinery is built, along with the motion of muscle; biological stability and the paradox of evolution; the energetics of the biosphere based on the interaction of hydrogen and oxygen; the principles of defense against cellular damage; and how defense is linked to the regulation of growth in plants and animals. The reader is also introduced to growth regulation as a defense mechanism, which corrects mechanical injury in animals; the way that ketone aldehydes inhibit cell division; the theory of cancer; and cancer therapy. Biologists, chemists, and physicists will find this book an interesting read.


Molecular and Biological Physics of Living Systems

Molecular and Biological Physics of Living Systems

Author: R.K. Mishra

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 9400918909

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The living organisms and systems possess extraordinary properties of programmed development, differentiation, growth, response, movement, duplication of key molecules and in m any cases higher mental functions. But the organisms are physical objects so they must follow laws of physics yet they do not seem to obey them. Physicists cannot easily persuade themselves to accept this as finally true. Non-living objects are governed by these laws of physics and they can explain these properties. However, in the living systems too phenomena encountered like coupled non-linear interactions, manybody effects, cooperativity, coherence, phase transitions, reversible metastable states are being understood better with the aid of powerful theoretical and experimental techniques and hope is raised that these may let us understand the mysteriousness of life. Contributors to this volume are a small fraction of rapidly growing scientific opinion that these aspects of living bodies are to be expected in a hitherto inadequately suspected state of matter which is in the main directed by these physical properties pushed almost to limit. This state of matter, the living matter, deserves to be called The Living State. Mishra proposes that given hydrogenic orbitals, atoms showing easy hybridisability and multiple valances, molecules with low-lying electronic levels, "loosestructure", and a metabolic pump in thermodynamically open system, various fundamental properties of living state can emerge automatically. Structurally these are all known to be present.


In Search of the Physical Basis of Life

In Search of the Physical Basis of Life

Author: Gilbert Ling

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 800

ISBN-13: 1461326672

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It is highly probable that the ability to distinguish between living and nonliving objects was already well developed in early prehuman animals. Cognizance of the difference between these two classes of objects, long a part of human knowledge, led naturally to the division of science into two categories: physics and chemistry on the one hand and biology on the other. So deep was this belief in the separateness of physics and biology that, as late as the early nineteenth century, many biologists still believed in vitalism, according to which living phenomena fall outside the confines of the laws of physics. It was not until the middle of the nineteenth century that Carl Ludwig, Hermann von Helmholz, Emil DuBois-Reymond, and Ernst von Briicke inaugurated a physicochem ical approach to physiology in which it was recognized clearly that one set of laws must govern the properties and behavior of all matter, living and nonliving . . The task of a biologist is like trying to solve a gigantic multidimensional crossword fill in the right physical concepts at the right places. The biologist depends on puzzle: to the maturation of the science of physics much as the crossword solver depends on a large and correct vocabulary. The solver of crossword puzzles needs not just a good vocabulary but a special vocabulary. Words like inee and oke are vitally useful to him but are not part of the vocabulary of an English professor.


X-ray Microanalysis in Biology

X-ray Microanalysis in Biology

Author: David C. Sigee

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1993-04-22

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13: 9780521415309

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This book describes an integrated approach to the use of X-ray microanalysis in biology.


Intestinal Absorption of Metal Ions, Trace Elements and Radionuclides

Intestinal Absorption of Metal Ions, Trace Elements and Radionuclides

Author: S. C. Skoryna

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 466

ISBN-13: 1483160041

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Intestinal Absorption of Metal Ions, Trace Elements, and Radionuclides focuses on the transport of metal ions across biological membranes. The selection first discusses fundamental considerations of ion transport across biological membranes, including passage of ions through the pores of gels or membranes; mobilities of organic and inorganic ions in water; and complexing of alkali metal ions. The text then focuses on ion transport across membranes of high ionic selectivity and transmissivity and their uses in model studies; model systems for transcellular active transport; and detection and implications of active salt transport across biological membranes. The book takes a look at the intestinal absorption of sodium, calcium, and potassium, including sodium and potassium transport in the intestines; use of radioisotopes to assess intestinal flux of calcium in humans; and calcium and structure of cell membranes. The intestinal absorption of zinc, cobalt, and strontium and absorption of copper from the gastrointestinal tract are underscored. The selection is a recommendable source of data for readers interested in the transport of metal ions across biological membranes.


Integrative Biophysics

Integrative Biophysics

Author: Fritz-Albert Popp

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 499

ISBN-13: 9401703736

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Most of the specialists working in this interdisciplinary field of physics, biology, biophysics and medicine are associated with "The International Institute of Biophysics" (IIB), in Neuss, Germany, where basic research and possibilities for applications are coordinated. The growth in this field is indicated by the increase in financial support, interest from the scientific community and frequency of publications. Audience: The scientists of IIB have presented the most essential background and applications of biophotonics in these lecture notes in biophysics, based on the summer school lectures by this group. This book is devoted to questions of elementary biophysics, as well as current developments and applications. It will be of interest to graduate and postgraduate students, life scientists, and the responsible officials of industries and governments looking for non-invasive methods of investigating biological tissues.


Energy and Information Transfer in Biological Systems

Energy and Information Transfer in Biological Systems

Author: Francesco Musumeci

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 371

ISBN-13: 9812384197

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This volume contains papers based on the workshop ?Energy and Information Transfer in Biological Systems: How Physics Could Enrich Biological Understanding?, held in Italy in 2002. The meeting was a forum aimed at evaluating the potential and outlooks of a modern physics approach to understanding and describing biological processes, especially regarding the transition from the microscopic chemical scenario to the macroscopic functional configurations of living matter. In this frame some leading researchers presented and discussed several basic topics, such as the photon interaction with biological systems also from the viewpoint of photon information processes and of possible applications; the influence of electromagnetic fields on the self-organization of biosystems including the nonlinear mechanism for energy transfer and storage; and the influence of the structure of water on the properties of biological matter.


Cooperative Phenomena in Biology

Cooperative Phenomena in Biology

Author: George Karreman

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 257

ISBN-13: 148314867X

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Cooperative Phenomena in Biology deals with cooperation in biology and covers topics such as cooperative specific adsorption; the kinetics of oxygen binding to hemoglobin; allosteric control of cooperative adsorption and conformation changes; and cooperativity in biological surfaces responding to topical treatment. The use of Monte Carlo methods to investigate the behavior of cooperative Ising models is also described. This book is comprised of five chapters and opens with a discussion on the phenomenon of cooperative specific adsorption and its importance for the understanding of fundamental biological phenomena. The derivation of the cooperative specific adsorption isotherm both stochastically and on the basis of statistical mechanics is explained. The next chapter reviews the theory of the allosteric control of cooperative adsorption and conformation changes and outlines a molecular model for physiological activities according to the association-induction hypothesis. The reader is also introduced to a kinetic equation for hemoglobin oxygenation based on the infinite chain; the use of bioelectrometric methods to study solute interactions with biocolloidal surfaces responding to topical treatment; and the use of Monte Carlo computations to determine the behavior of cooperative Ising models. This monograph is intended for biologists, physicists, chemists, and mathematicians.