Sir Robert Clayton and the Origins of English Deposit Banking 1658-1685

Sir Robert Clayton and the Origins of English Deposit Banking 1658-1685

Author: Frank T. Melton

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2002-08-22

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 9780521521307

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Based upon the most extensive early banking archive known to survive, this book is the first major study of Stuart banking since R. D. Richards's The Early History of Banking in England (1928). It traces the origins and growth of banking from the late sixteenth century to the 1720s through two generations of a scriveners' bank established in 1638 by Robert Abbott, and perpetuated by his nephew, Robert Clayton, and John Morris. With deposits from landowners' rents and stock sales these bankers practised as moneylenders and money-brokers for another sector of the gentry needing capital to offset the effects of the Great Rebellion and an agricultural depression. After 1660 Clayton and Morris integrated mortgage security into banking practice. This study examines the elaborate stages of land assessment and legal change which enabled bankers to offer large-scale, long-term securities to their clients, a pattern followed later by other banks such as Childs, Hoares, Martins and Coutts.


Sir Philip Sidney and the Circulation of Manuscripts, 1558-1640

Sir Philip Sidney and the Circulation of Manuscripts, 1558-1640

Author: H. R. Woudhuysen

Publisher: Clarendon Press

Published: 1996-05-23

Total Pages: 541

ISBN-13: 0191591025

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This is the first modern study of the production and circulation of manuscripts during the English Renaissance. H.R. Woudhuysen examines the relationship between manuscript and print, looks at people who lived by their pens, and surveys authorial and scribal manuscripts, paying particular attention to the copying of verse, plays, and scholarly works by hand. It investigates the professional production of manuscripts for sale by scribes such as Ralph Crane and Richard Robinson. The second part of the book examines Sir Philip Sydney's works in the context of Woudhuysen's research, discussing all Sidney's important manuscripts, and seeking to assess his part in the circulation of his works and his role in the promotion of a scribal culture. A detailed examination of the manuscripts and early prints of his poems, his Arcadias, and of Astrophil and Stella shed new light on their composition, evolution, and dissemination, as well as on Sidney's friends and admirers.


A History of the Post in England from the Romans to the Stuarts

A History of the Post in England from the Romans to the Stuarts

Author: Philip Beale

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-06-04

Total Pages: 416

ISBN-13: 0429648383

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This book was originally published in 1998. From Roman times until this century the business of government has been largely carried out by the writing of letters, either in the form of instructions or of authorisations to deliver information orally. These documents were addressed to the recipient and authenticated by a seal or signature, often having a greeting and a personal conclusion. The messengers who took them also carried copies of laws and regulations, summonses to courts and whatever else was needed for the administration of the country. Without a means of speedy delivery to all concerned there could be no effective government. Separate postal services developed to meet the needs of nobles, the church, merchants, towns and the public. This book discusses three meanings of the word 'post’: the letters, those who carried them, and the means of distribution. It shows that there is some continuity from Roman times and that the postal service established throughout England after the conquest of 1066 continued until 1635 when it was officially extended to the public, thus starting its amalgamation with the other services.


Middle-Class Writing in Late Medieval London

Middle-Class Writing in Late Medieval London

Author: Malcolm Richardson

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-10-06

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 131732398X

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Richardson explores how a powerful culture of writing was created in late medieval London, even though initially few inhabitants could actually write themselves. Whilst previous studies have tended to focus on middle-class literary reading patterns, this study examines writing skills separately both from reading skills and from literature.


Middle English

Middle English

Author: Paul Strohm

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2007-04-19

Total Pages: 534

ISBN-13: 019928766X

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This volume energizes issues of research in Middle English studies by eschewing an emphasis on what 'we know' and instead addressing the most challenging areas of unfixed opinion and unsettled debate. Although major authors such as Chaucer and Langland are richly represented, many little-known and neglected texts are considered as well.


English Manuscript Studies, 1100-1700

English Manuscript Studies, 1100-1700

Author: Peter Beal

Publisher: University of Toronto Press

Published: 1993-01-01

Total Pages: 332

ISBN-13: 9780802005717

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Encompassing the study of manuscripts produced in the British Isles between the Conquest and the end of the seventeenth century, this series provides a forum for the interdisciplinary investigation of both medieval and Renaissance manuscripts.


The Secularization of Early Modern England

The Secularization of Early Modern England

Author: C. John Sommerville

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 1992-04-09

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 0195360753

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This study overcomes the ambiguity and daunting scale of the subject of secularization by using the insights of anthropology and sociology, and by examining an earlier period than usually considered. Concentrating not only on a decline of religious belief, which is the last aspect of secularization, this study shows that a transformation of England's cultural grammar had to precede that loosening of belief, and that this was largely accomplished between 1500 and 1700. Only when definitions of space and time changed and language and technology were transformed (as well as art and play) could a secular world-view be sustained. As aspects of daily life became divorced from religious values and controls, religious culture was supplanted by religious faith, a reasoned, rather than an unquestioned, belief in the supernatural. Sommerville shows that this process was more political and theological than economic or social.