What Explains Governance Structure in Non-Profit and For-Profit Microfinance Institutions?
What Explains Governance Structure in Non-Profit and For-Profit Microfinance Institutions?

Author: Roy Mersland

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 25

ISBN-13:

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This paper aims to explain the choice of board and CEO characteristics in microfinance institutions (MFI). Explanations are sought in substitution or complementarity between the characteristics, external governance variables, and financial performance and outreach performance to the poor. The data are from 290 MFIs in 61 countries, and the logit regressions methodology is employed. The board and CEO characteristics are board size, CEO-chairman duality, international directors, and female CEO. We find relationships among these variables, and also that the external governance variables ownership type (shareholder owned) and international initialization induce smaller board, less duality, more international directors, and fewer female CEOs. Except for the female CEO result we argue that these results are consistent. The consistency is repeated for outreach performance to poor individuals and small businesses. We believe the study may inform better performance studies in the future, and also to motivate better governance in MFIs.

Governance as Leadership
Governance as Leadership

Author: Richard P. Chait

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2011-01-11

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 1118045912

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A new framework for helping nonprofit organizations maximize the effectiveness of their boards. Written by noted consultants and researchers attuned to the needs of practitioners, Governance as Leadership redefines nonprofit governance. It provides a powerful framework for a new covenant between trustees and executives: more macrogovernance in exchange for less micromanagement. Informed by theories that have transformed the practice of organizational leadership, this book sheds new light on the traditional fiduciary and strategic work of the board and introduces a critical third dimension of effective trusteeship: generative governance. It serves boards as both a resource of fresh approaches to familiar territory and a lucid guide to important new territory, and provides a road map that leads nonprofit trustees and executives to governance as leadership. Governance as Leadership was developed in collaboration with BoardSource, the premier resource for practical information, tools and best practices, training, and leadership development for board members of nonprofit organizations. Through its highly acclaimed programs and services, BoardSource enables organizations to fulfill their missions by helping build effective nonprofit boards and offering credible support in solving tough problems. For the latest in nonprofit governance, visit www.boardsource.org, or call us at 1-800-883-6262.

The Handbook Of Microfinance
The Handbook Of Microfinance

Author: Beatriz Armendariz

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2011-04-28

Total Pages: 700

ISBN-13: 9814465577

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The Handbook of Microfinance showcases an expansive collection of works from leading academics and field practitioners. In an attempt to understand the enormous gap between the limited number of clients that are currently benefiting from microfinance services, and the huge number of potential clients that are not, the selected contributions in this comprehensive handbook have one common thread: the prevailing mismatch between demand by clients of microfinance institutions and potential clients selecting themselves out for their demand for a wider array of financial products which is not being met.The scope of the book is wide, and explores successes and failures, main challenges and debates, methodologies for impact evaluation via random trials, leading trends in Asia versus Latin America, main efforts in Africa, the importance of value chains in Central America, ethical and gender issues, savings, microinsurance, governance, commercialization trends and the potential advantages and disadvantages of it. This exhaustive Handbook also features main lessons from informal finance and 19th-century credit cooperatives addressing the above-mentioned mismatch.

The Governance of Non-Profit Micro Finance Institutions
The Governance of Non-Profit Micro Finance Institutions

Author: Roy Mersland

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 43

ISBN-13:

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Microfinance is high on the public agenda, and better corporate governance has been identified as a key factor for enhancing the viability of the industry. However, recent literature on the subject struggles to identify the corporate governance mechanisms that influence the performance of the Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs). Guided by stakeholder and agency theories, this paper uses a historical parallel found in savings banks to present corporate governance lessons for not-for-profit MFIs today. The findings indicate that monitoring by bank associations, depositors, donors, and local communities was important in securing the survival of savings banks. In addition, a willingness to expand their mission to serve wealthier customers alongside the poor helped the banks become financially viable. These findings could prompt a rethinking of microfinance governance, which stresses regulation, for-profit ownership, and traditional vertical board control. The paper argues that a broader and more stakeholder-based understanding of corporate governance is necessary. Moreover, the paper demonstrates that historical studies can provide governance lessons for today.

Governance and Performance in Public and Non-Profit Organizations
Governance and Performance in Public and Non-Profit Organizations

Author: Alessandro Hinna

Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing

Published: 2016-04-12

Total Pages: 265

ISBN-13: 1786351072

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Studies in Public and Non-Profit Governance (SPNPG) publishes in a growing area of governance research. SPNPG allows for the establishment of an engaged community of researchers. It contributes to the definition of the theoretical components that assign an innovation role to governance systems in public and non profit organizations.

Microfinance and the Corporate Governance Conundrum
Microfinance and the Corporate Governance Conundrum

Author: Umakanth Varottil

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Microfinance evolved as an instrument to reduce poverty and bring about sustainable development. As an alternative to traditional means of finance such as banking and insurance (which failed to meet the needs of poorer sections of society), microfinance was pioneered by self-help groups, non-governmental organizations and other non-profit institutions. However, with a view to building a scalable model that engenders overall sustainable development, the microfinance sector has witnessed the emergence of for-profit institutions that are structured along the lines of the modern business corporation. These microfinance companies adopt market-based mechanisms to raise capital that is employed in financing the poor and less-privileged. From a corporate governance perspective, microfinance companies and their boards of directors are faced with the classic dilemma. On the one hand, it is recognized that the principal goal of microfinance is to reduce poverty; to that extent the interests of borrowers (or customers) as principal stakeholders becomes paramount. On the other hand, a shareholder-centric approach operates as a major countervailing factor by compelling microfinance companies to generate profits to service investors and maintain stock price. The current discourse in corporate governance does not appear to satisfactorily address the predicament of boards of microfinance companies. This is due to the fact that investors and stock markets judge them against standards imposed by corporate governance norms and practices that are generally applicable in the corporate sector. This article argues that the employment of conventional concepts and doctrines in corporate governance to for-profit microfinance companies does not adequately address the issues specific to such companies. It calls for a paradigm-shift that necessitates examination of corporate governance in microfinance companies through an altogether different lens. After considering the available empirical evidence and analyzing qualitative data generated from case studies and field interviews, it seeks to develop separate parameters for measuring the correlation between corporate governance and performance of microfinance companies, such that the overarching goals of reducing poverty are not diluted.

Microfinance Institutions
Microfinance Institutions

Author: R. Mersland

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-12-11

Total Pages: 329

ISBN-13: 113739966X

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Research on MFI performance is still in its infancy. MFIs are hybrid organizations with dual objectives. Performance studies in microfinance are therefore less straightforward compared to performance studies in traditional banking research. This book contains new MFI performance research by top scholars from across the globe.

Sarbanes-Oxley for Nonprofit Boards
Sarbanes-Oxley for Nonprofit Boards

Author: Peggy M. Jackson

Publisher: Wiley

Published: 2006-11-03

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 0470050020

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The Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) bar has been raised-is your nonprofit board up to the task? Nonprofit boards are in a fishbowl of scrutiny much like their private sector counterparts. With recent media focus on investigations of false charities, and more disturbingly, of household-name nonprofits that have abused donor trust by misdirecting donations, the heat is on the nonprofit board to rehabilitate its organizational profile. Encouraging boards to reclaim their role as the ultimate authority within their nonprofit, nationally recognized nonprofit expert Dr. Peggy Jackson supplies tips for leveraging the power and value of SOX requirements within the nonprofit organization. Containing sample documents, forms, and checklists to introduce best practices into any nonprofit organization, this complete guide is a practical, hands-on tool for equipping your nonprofit's board toward a higher quality of control. Relevant for both the large and small nonprofit organization, this must-have book effectively brings pragmatic clarity to a complex topic, and explains how to blend Sarbanes-Oxley requirements into the nonprofit organization, with topics including: Common factors that contribute to nonprofit board dysfunction Moving nonprofit governance into the twenty-first century Intervention techniques for moving your board forward Establishing strategies for lasting change Creating a platinum standard for governance Helping your nonprofit board understand and implement SOX requirements, Sarbanes-Oxley for Nonprofit Boards will be indispensable as a guide and will reinforce your nonprofit's financial structure and reputation.

Organizational Innovation and IT Governance in Emerging Economies
Organizational Innovation and IT Governance in Emerging Economies

Author: Zhao, Jingyuan

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2014-11-30

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13: 1466673338

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As technology grows as the largest source of modern economic growth, the emergence of new models is currently challenging the standard western model of organizational management. Companies from all over the world have succeeded in creating emerging economies with these new models and are now competing with established multinational corporations. Organizational Innovation and IT Governance in Emerging Economies develops a methodological framework that supports new approaches of technological innovation by companies. This reference book provides contributions from experts in emerging economies, highlighting specific case studies of home grown companies from these emerging markets, offering lessons on how traditional multinationals can compete with these new companies for policymakers, government officers, academics, researchers, students, and practitioners.