Votes, Drugs, and Violence

Votes, Drugs, and Violence

Author: Guillermo Trejo

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2020-09-03

Total Pages: 379

ISBN-13: 1108899900

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One of the most surprising developments in Mexico's transition to democracy is the outbreak of criminal wars and large-scale criminal violence. Why did Mexican drug cartels go to war as the country transitioned away from one-party rule? And why have criminal wars proliferated as democracy has consolidated and elections have become more competitive subnationally? In Votes, Drugs, and Violence, Guillermo Trejo and Sandra Ley develop a political theory of criminal violence in weak democracies that elucidates how democratic politics and the fragmentation of power fundamentally shape cartels' incentives for war and peace. Drawing on in-depth case studies and statistical analysis spanning more than two decades and multiple levels of government, Trejo and Ley show that electoral competition and partisan conflict were key drivers of the outbreak of Mexico's crime wars, the intensification of violence, and the expansion of war and violence to the spheres of local politics and civil society.


Votes, Drugs, and Violence

Votes, Drugs, and Violence

Author: Guillermo Trejo

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2020-09-03

Total Pages: 379

ISBN-13: 1108841740

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When widespread state-criminal collusion persists in transitions from autocracy to democracy, electoral competition becomes a catalyst of large-scale criminal violence.


Votes, Drugs, and Violence

Votes, Drugs, and Violence

Author: Guillermo Trejo

Publisher:

Published: 2020-08

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781108894807

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"In the most widely-accepted minimalist definition, democracy is conceived as a governance system in which citizens select their representatives through competitive elections and resolve their differences without bloodshed. While in recent decades scholars have shown that countries transitioning from authoritarian rule to democracy tend to experience major outbreaks of political violence, and that peace prevails only after democratic rules and practices have been fully engrained in society, the association of democratic mechanisms with different forms of violence continues to be mind-boggling. It continues to be analytically surprising and morally disheartening when newly established democratic mechanisms like voting and competitive elections become catalysts of collective violence. It is even more disconcerting when democratic mechanisms become triggers of violent conflict among "non-political" actors like organized criminal groups and drug cartels, which have long been considered quintessential examples of private illicit actors with no interest or meaningful connection with electoral politics. This book is the result of a long intellectual shared journey aimed at making sense of an uncommonly intense wave of large-scale criminal violence in Mexico that began six years after the end of one-party rule, when President Felipe Calderâon (2006-2012) declared war on the country's drug cartels, triggering multiple state-cartel and inter-cartel violent conflicts across Mexican territory"--


Making Peace in Drug Wars

Making Peace in Drug Wars

Author: Benjamin Lessing

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 357

ISBN-13: 1107199638

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State crackdowns on drug cartels often backfire, producing entrenched 'cartel-state conflict'; deterrence approaches have curbed violence but proven fragile. This book explains why.


Bringing the State Back In

Bringing the State Back In

Author: Social Science Research Council (U.S.). Committee on States and Social Structures

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1985-09-13

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 9780521313131

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Papers from a conference held at Mount Kisco, N.Y., Feb. 1982, sponsored by the Committee on States and Social Structures, the Joint Committee on Latin American Studies, and the Joint Committee on Western European Studies of the Social Science Research Council. Includes bibliographies and index.


Policy, Office, Or Votes?

Policy, Office, Or Votes?

Author: Wolfgang C. Müller

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1999-08-28

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 9780521637237

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This book examines the behaviour of political parties in situations where they experience conflict between two or more important objectives.


Authoritarian Police in Democracy

Authoritarian Police in Democracy

Author: Yanilda María González

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2020-11-12

Total Pages: 375

ISBN-13: 1108900380

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In countries around the world, from the United States to the Philippines to Chile, police forces are at the center of social unrest and debates about democracy and rule of law. This book examines the persistence of authoritarian policing in Latin America to explain why police violence and malfeasance remain pervasive decades after democratization. It also examines the conditions under which reform can occur. Drawing on rich comparative analysis and evidence from Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia, the book opens up the 'black box' of police bureaucracies to show how police forces exert power and cultivate relationships with politicians, as well as how social inequality impedes change. González shows that authoritarian policing persists not in spite of democracy but in part because of democratic processes and public demand. When societal preferences over the distribution of security and coercion are fragmented along existing social cleavages, politicians possess few incentives to enact reform.


Resisting Extortion

Resisting Extortion

Author: Eduardo Moncada

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-01-06

Total Pages: 269

ISBN-13: 1108843387

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New ethnographic data leads to insights into the widespread yet understudied phenomenon of criminal extortion in Latin America.


Blood Gun Money

Blood Gun Money

Author: Ioan Grillo

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2021-02-23

Total Pages: 417

ISBN-13: 1635572797

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“An eye-opening and riveting account of how guns make it into the black market and into the hands of criminals and drug lords.”--Adam Winkler From the author of El Narco and winner of the Maria Moors Cabot Prize, a searing investigation into the enormous black market for firearms, essential to cartels and gangs in the drug trade and contributing to the epidemic of mass shootings. The gun control debate is revived with every mass shooting. But far more people die from gun deaths on the street corners of inner city America and across the border as Mexico's powerful cartels battle to control the drug trade. Guns and drugs aren't often connected in our heated discussions of gun control-but they should be. In Ioan Grillo's groundbreaking new work of investigative journalism, he shows us this connection by following the market for guns in the Americas and how it has made the continent the most murderous on earth. Grillo travels to gun manufacturers, strolls the aisles of gun shows and gun shops, talks to federal agents who have infiltrated biker gangs, hangs out on Baltimore street corners, and visits the ATF gun tracing center in West Virginia. Along the way, he details the many ways that legal guns can cross over into the black market and into the hands of criminals, fueling violence here and south of the border. Simple legislative measures would help close these loopholes, but America's powerful gun lobby is uncompromising in its defense of the hallowed Second Amendment. Perhaps, however, if guns were seen not as symbols of freedom, but as key accessories in our epidemics of addiction, the conversation would shift. Blood Gun Money is that conversation shifter.


Britain's China Policy and the Opium Crisis

Britain's China Policy and the Opium Crisis

Author: Glenn Melancon

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-07-28

Total Pages: 248

ISBN-13: 1351954733

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The first Opium War (1840-42) was a defining moment in Anglo-Chinese relations, and since the 1840s the histories of its origins have tended to have been straightforward narratives, which suggest that the British Cabinet turned to its military to protect opium sales and to force open the China trade. Whilst the monetary aspects of the war cannot be ignored, this book argues that economic interests should not overshadow another important aspect of British foreign policy - honour and shame. The Palmerston's government recognised that failure to act with honour generated public outrage in the form of petitions to parliament and loss of votes, and as a result was at pains to take such considerations into account when making policy. Accordingly, British Cabinet officials worried less about the danger to economic interests than the threat to their honour and the possible loss of power in Parliament. The decision to wage a drug war, however, made the government vulnerable to charges of immorality, creating the need to justify the war by claiming it was acting to protect British national honour.