Forward Scatter Meter Measurements of Slant Visual Range

Forward Scatter Meter Measurements of Slant Visual Range

Author: Wayne S. Hering

Publisher:

Published: 1978

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13:

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The potential for remote tower measurements of point visibility in the determination of slant range visibility for aircraft landing operations was explored through analysis of data collected at the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory Weather Test Facility at Otis AFB, Massachusetts. This report described initial experiments that deal with an analysis of the small scale variability of extinction coefficient in time and space. Data from two instrumented towers spaced 1500 ft apart were classified for investigation of the horizontal variability of visibility at elevations up to 100 ft and space-time variability for lag periods from 0 to 10 minutes. The preliminary tests give additional evidence that the runway visual range (RVR) measurements alone often are not representative of pilot visibility during approach and touchdown. Remote measurements of visibility using either a 50-ft or 100-ft instrumented tower would add significantly to the real safety of 'see-to-land' operations under conditions of Categories I, II, and IIIa through an improved description of conditions related to airfield visibility. (Author).


The Psychophysical Measurement of Visual Function

The Psychophysical Measurement of Visual Function

Author: Thomas T. Norton

Publisher:

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780750699358

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This easy-to-follow book presents the fundamentals of how to measure vision and visual function. It offers a solid understanding of the neural basis of vision where it is known or can be deduced. Each chapter features an overview summarizing the chapter, declarative headings throughout for instant review, study guide questions, and a glossary. Explanations of the neural mechanisms underlying visual function help readers understand how vision is measured. It details the scientific basis of how visual function is measured and applies laboratory measurement to clinical procedures.


Charge Determination by Thin-down Track Width Measurements

Charge Determination by Thin-down Track Width Measurements

Author: Y. K. Lim

Publisher:

Published: 1966

Total Pages: 16

ISBN-13:

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Mean track width data for tracks of multiply-charged ions in nuclear emulsions in the thin-down region from published works and our own measurements have been analyzed and found to be reducible to a relation obtainable from a simple model proposed by Bizzeti and Della Corte. The use of this relation in calibration and charge determination is discussed.


Measurements using Optic and RF Waves

Measurements using Optic and RF Waves

Author: Frédérique de Fornel

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-02-04

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 1118586344

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The scientific and technical basis underpinning modern measurement techniques used for electromagnetic quantities and phenonema is necessarily wide-ranging, as the electromagnetic environment spans all possible frequencies and wavelengths. Measurements must be applicable in fields as varied as nanotechnologies, telecommunications, meteorology, geo-location, radio-astronomy, health, biology, and many others. In order to adequately cover the many different facets of the topic, this book provides examples from the entire range of the electromagnetic spectrum — covering frequencies from several hertz to terahertz, and considering wavelength distances ranging from nanometers to light-years in optics. It then provides coverage of the various measurement techniques using electromagnetic waves for various applications, devoting chapters to each different field of application. This comprehensive book gives detailed information on: the various techniques and methods available to measure the key characteristics of electromagnetic waves, in terms of the local field and phase for a broad field of frequencies; determination of physical quantities such as distance, time, etc., using electromagnetic properties; new approaches to measurements in the field of electromagnetic distribution in complex structures media, such as biological tissues and in the nanosciences.


Visual Impairments

Visual Impairments

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2002-08-17

Total Pages: 369

ISBN-13: 0309083486

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When children and adults apply for disability benefits and claim that a visual impairment has limited their ability to function, the U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) is required to determine their eligibility. To ensure that these determinations are made fairly and consistently, SSA has developed criteria for eligibility and a process for assessing each claimant against the criteria. Visual Impairments: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits examines SSA's methods of determining disability for people with visual impairments, recommends changes that could be made now to improve the process and the outcomes, and identifies research needed to develop improved methods for the future. The report assesses tests of visual function, including visual acuity and visual fields whether visual impairments could be measured directly through visual task performance or other means of assessing disability. These other means include job analysis databases, which include information on the importance of vision to job tasks or skills, and measures of health-related quality of life, which take a person-centered approach to assessing visual function testing of infants and children, which differs in important ways from standard adult tests.


Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements

Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements

Author: Thomas Foken

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-11-09

Total Pages: 1761

ISBN-13: 3030521710

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This practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians.


To Measure the Sky

To Measure the Sky

Author: Frederick R. Chromey

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-05-27

Total Pages: 461

ISBN-13: 052176386X

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With a lively yet rigorous and quantitative approach, this textbook introduces the fundamental topics in optical observational astronomy for undergraduates. It explains the theoretical foundations for observational practices and reviews essential physics to support students' mastery of the subject. Student understanding is strengthened through over 120 exercises and problems.


Measurements for Terrestrial Vegetation

Measurements for Terrestrial Vegetation

Author: Charles D. Bonham

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-04-16

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13: 1118534522

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Measurements for Terrestrial Vegetation, 2nd Edition presents up-to-date methods for analyzing species frequency, plant cover, density and biomass data. Each method is presented in detail with a full discussion of its strengths and weaknesses from field applications through statistical characteristics of bias and use of the correct probability distribution to describe and analyze data. This practical book also covers the use of satellite imagery to obtain measurement data on cover, density and biomass. Field data collection includes current applications of statistical sampling and analysis designs that should be used to obtain and analyze these data. This new and thoroughly updated edition of a classic text will be essential reading for everyone involved in measuring and assessing vegetation and plant biomass, including researchers and practitioners in vegetation science, plant ecology, forestry, global change scientists and conservation scientists. Provides a comprehensive catalogue of sampling, surveying and measuring techniques in vegetation science Updated to include new technologies and developments in the field New coverage of prediction models for large areas, including satellite mapping and remote sensing techniques Includes up-to-date applications of statistical sampling and analysis designs used to obtain and analyse data Reviews the strengths and weaknesses of each technique, allowing an informed choice of alternative approaches Clear diagrams to explain best-practice in methodology The companion website for this book can be found at www.wiley.com/go/bonham/measurements