Use of Carbon Isotopic Tracers in Investigating Soil Carbon Sequestration and Stabilization in Agroecosystems
Use of Carbon Isotopic Tracers in Investigating Soil Carbon Sequestration and Stabilization in Agroecosystems

Author: International Atomic Energy Agency

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789201064172

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"This publication provides an overview of conventional and isotopic methods available for measuring and modelling soil carbon dynamics. It includes information on the use of carbon isotopes in soil and plant research, including both theoretical and practical aspects of nuclear and radioisotope tracer techniques for in situ glasshouse and field labelling techniques to assess soil organic carbon turnover and sequestration, and provides up-to-date information on topics related to soil carbon sequestration and stabilization in agroecosystems. With its focus on practical application of radiotracer and stable isotope tracer techniques, it will be particularly useful for university and national research scientists working to improve soil organic matter management and conservation in agricultural systems."--Publisher's description.

Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils
Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils

Author: Alessandro Piccolo

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-01-11

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 3642233856

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This compilation of techniques, methodologies and scientific data arises from a four-year Italian research project, which took place at university research stations in Turin, Piacenza, Naples and Potenza. Soil Organic Matter (SOM) represents an active and essential pool of the total organic carbon on the planet. Consequently, even small changes in this SOM carbon pool may have a significant impact on the concentration of atmospheric CO2. Recent new understanding of the chemical nature of SOM indicates that innovative and sustainable technologies may be applied to sequester carbon in agricultural soils. Overall results of the project have been applied to develop an innovative model for the prediction and description, both quantitatively and qualitatively, of carbon sequestration in agricultural soils. This book provides experts in different areas of soil science with a complete picture of the effects of new soil management methods and their potentials for practical application in farm management.

Soil Carbon Stabilization to Mitigate Climate Change
Soil Carbon Stabilization to Mitigate Climate Change

Author: Rahul Datta

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-08-25

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 9813367652

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Carbon stabilization involves to capturing carbon from the atmosphere and fix it in the forms soil organic carbon stock for a long period of time, it will be present to escape as a greenhouse gas in the form of carbon dioxide. Soil carbon storage is an important ecosystem service, resulting from interactions of several ecological processes. This process is primarily mediated by plants through photosynthesis, with carbon stored in the form of soil organic carbon. Soil carbon levels have reduced over decades of conversion of pristine ecosystems into agriculture landscape, which now offers the opportunity to store carbon from air into the soil. Carbon stabilization into the agricultural soils is a novel approach of research and offers promising reduction in the atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. This book brings together all aspects of soil carbon sequestration and stabilization, with a special focus on diversity of microorganisms and management practices of soil in agricultural systems. It discusses the role of ecosystem functioning, recent and future prospects, soil microbial ecological studies, rhizosphere microflora, and organic matter in soil carbon stabilization. It also explores carbon transformation in soil, biological management and its genetics, microbial transformation of soil carbon, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), and their role in sustainable agriculture. The book offers a spectrum of ideas of new technological inventions and fundamentals of soil sustainability. It will be suitable for teachers, researchers, and policymakers, undergraduate and graduate students of soil science, soil microbiology, agronomy, ecology, and environmental sciences

Soil Carbon
Soil Carbon

Author: Alfred E. Hartemink

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2014-04-01

Total Pages: 503

ISBN-13: 3319040847

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Few topics cut across the soil science discipline wider than research on soil carbon. This book contains 48 chapters that focus on novel and exciting aspects of soil carbon research from all over the world. It includes review papers by global leaders in soil carbon research, and the book ends with a list and discussion of global soil carbon research priorities. Chapters are loosely grouped in four sections: § Soil carbon in space and time § Soil carbon properties and processes § Soil use and carbon management § Soil carbon and the environment A wide variety of topics is included: soil carbon modelling, measurement, monitoring, microbial dynamics, soil carbon management and 12 chapters focus on national or regional soil carbon stock assessments. The book provides up-to-date information for researchers interested in soil carbon in relation to climate change and to researchers that are interested in soil carbon for the maintenance of soil quality and fertility. Papers in this book were presented at the IUSS Global Soil C Conference that was held at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.

Management of Carbon Sequestration in Soil
Management of Carbon Sequestration in Soil

Author: Rattan Lal

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2019-08-08

Total Pages: 811

ISBN-13: 1351091158

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This book addresses the importance of soil processes in the global carbon cycle.Agricultural activities considered responsible for an increase in CO2 levels in our atmosphere include: deforestation, biomass burning, tillage and intensive cultivation, and drainage of wetlands.However, agriculture can also be a solution to the problem in which carbon can be removed from the atmosphere and permanently sequestered into the soil. Management of Carbon Sequestration in Soil highlights the importance of world soils as a sink for atmospheric carbon and discusses the impact of tillage, conservation reserve programs (CRP), management of grasslands and woodlands, and other soil and crop management and land use practices that lead to carbon sequestration.

Technical Report
Technical Report

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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The goal of this research is to provide a better scientific understanding of carbon cycle processes within an agricultural landscape characteristic of the Upper Midwest. This project recognizes the need to study processes at multiple spatial and temporal scales to reduce uncertainty in ecosystem and landscape-scale carbon budgets to provide a sound basis for shaping future policy related to carbon management. Specifically, this project has attempted to answer the following questions: 1. Would the use of cover crops result in a shift from carbon neutral to significant carbon gain in corn-soybean rotation ecosystems of the Upper Midwest? 2. Can stable carbon isotope analyses be used to partition ecosystem respiration into its autotrophic and heterotrophic components? 3. Can this partitioning be used to better understand the fate of crop residues to project changes in the soil carbon reservoir? 4. Are agricultural ecosystems of the Upper Midwest carbon neutral, sinks, or sources? Can the proposed measurement and modeling framework help address landscape-scale carbon budget uncertainties and help guide future carbon management policy?

World Soil Resources and Food Security
World Soil Resources and Food Security

Author: Rattan Lal

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2011-09-13

Total Pages: 576

ISBN-13: 143984450X

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Soil—The Basis of All Terrestrial Life Ancient civilizations and cultures—Mayan, Aztec, Mesopotamian, Indus, and Yangtze—were built on good soils, surviving only as long as soils had the capacity to support them. In the twenty-first century, productive soil is still the engine of economic development and essential to human well-being. The quality of our soil resources, however, is threatened by human-induced and natural perturbations. World Soil Resources and Food Security takes an in-depth look at the availability and status of soil resources in the context of the growing demands of an increasing world population and rising expectations of living standards. This timely reference presents current information on the soil resources available for food production. Presenting innovative strategies for soil and water management, it discusses how to maintain or improve the world’s soil resources in order to increase food production. With the majority of the world’s 1.02 billion food-insecure people concentrated in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, several chapters focus on soil resources in these regions. Contributions from renowned scientists deal with topics including: Global food situations World soil resources Soil resources of humid Asia and their acidification Soil resources of South Asia Properties and management of Vertisols Use of radioisotopic techniques in soil management The potential of rain-fed agriculture in the semiarid tropics The status of land degradation Nutrient balance in sub-Saharan Africa The book concludes by outlining the need for further research to generate credible data on soil resources and degradation. This volume is a useful resource for those interested in the state of the soils of the world in relation to food security and environmental quality.

Assessment Methods for Soil Carbon
Assessment Methods for Soil Carbon

Author: R. Lal

Publisher:

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 676

ISBN-13:

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Methods for assessing soil C pools; Methodology for sampling and preparation for soil carbon determination; Importance of soil bulk density and methods of its measurement; The effects of terrain position and elevation on soil C in the southern Appalachians; Approaching "functional"soil organic matter pools through particle-size fractionation: examples for tropical soils; Spatial variability: enhancing the mean estimate of organic and inorganic carbon in a sampling unit; Assessment of soil organic carbon using the U.S. soil survey; Organic carbon methods, microbial biomass, root biomass, and sampling design under development by NRCS; Characterization of soil organic carbon pools; Measuring and comparing soil carbon storage; Estimating total systems C in smallhold farming systems of the East African highlands; Assessment and significance of labile organic C pools in forest soils; Interlaboratory carbon isotope measurements of five soils; The determination of soil C pool sizes and turnover rates: biophysical fractionation and tracers; Ecozone and soil profile screening for C-residence time, rejuvenation, bomb 14C photosynthetic 13 changes; Use of 13C isotopes to determine net carbon sequestration in soil under ambient and elevated CO2; Methods using amino sugars as markers for microbial residues in soil; Characterization of soil organic matter; Fractionating soil in stable aggregates using a rainfall simulator; Toward an efficient method for measuring total organic stocks in forests; Soil organic matter evaluation; The development of the KMnO4 oxidation technique to determine labile carbon in soil and its use in a carbon management index; Effects of soil morphological and physical properties on estimation of carbon storage in arctic soils; Estimation of particulate and total organic matter by weight loss-on-ignition; Use of near infrared spectroscopy to determine inorganic and organic carbon fractions in soil and litter; Development of rapid instrumental methods for measuring soil organic carbon; Soil quality evaluations of alternative and conventional management systems in the great plains; 137 Cs for measuring soil erosion and redeposition: application for understanding soil carbon; Assesing the impact of erosion on soil organic carbon pools and fluxes; Assessing water erosion impacts on soil carbon pools fluxes; Soil organic carbon erosion assessment by Cesium- 137; A simple model to estmate soil carbon dynamics at the BOREAS northern study area, Manitoba, Canada; Methods used to create the North American Soil Organic Carbon Digital Database; Basic principles for soil carbon sequestration and calculating dynamic country-level balances including future scenarios; Examining the carbon stocks of boreal forest ecosystems at stand and regional scales; Predicting broadscale C stores of woody detritus from plot data; Soil C dynamics: measurement, simulation and site-to-region scale-up; Some factors affecting the distribution of carbon in soils of a dryland agricultural system in southwestern Australia; A national inventory of changes in soil carbon from national resources inventory data; Assessing economics of carbon sequestration in agriculture; Climate change policy and the agricultural sector; Approaches to assessing carbon credits and identifying trading mechanisms; Methodological challenges: toward balancing soil C pools and fluxes.

Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 37
Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 37

Author: Inamuddin

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-01-01

Total Pages: 170

ISBN-13: 3030292983

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This book presents sources of carbon dioxide emission, related environmental issues and methods for carbon dioxide utilization, storage, analysis, modeling and optimization. This first volume focused on biochemical methods of carbon dioxide sequestration such as forestry, biomineralization, geo-chemo-mechanical, mangrove plantation and biowaste.