An ultra-filtration system has been installed at Ferro Techniek BV in the Netherlands. This system is equipped with ceramic membranes to separate heavy metals from waste water released by an enamelling process. In comparison to the previous system, in which polymer membranes were used, 72,000 kWh of electricity, worth NLG 9,900, is saved annually. A further saving of NLG 8,400 is made on reduced maintenance costs. This leads to a payback period on the NLG 125,000 investment of less than seven years.
Soon after its publication in 1987, the first edition of Ultrafiltration Handbook became recognized as the leading handbook on ultrafiltration technology. Reviews in professional journals praised it as an authoritative and substantive information resource on this technology. Now a completely, updated and expanded edition is available under the title, Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration Handbook. This practical handbook systematically covers the basics of this technology from its scientific fundamentals to a wide range of industrial applications. The presentation is clear and concise with the emphasis on practical use. Many schematics and micrographs illustrate membranes, equipment and processes. Numerous tables and graphs provide useful data on specifications and performance. The updated information is useful to all those involved in the use of separation and filtration in industrial processes.
Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings Volume 34, Issue 6 - Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics VI A collection of 13 papers from The American Ceramic Society's 37th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, held in Daytona Beach, Florida, January 27-February 1, 2013. This issue includes papers presented in Symposium 5 - Next Generation Bioceramics and Biocomposites and Symposium 9 - Porous Ceramics: Novel Developments and Applications.
This manual contains necessary and useful information and data in an easily accessible format relating to the use of membranes. Membranes are among the most important engineering components in use today, and each year more and more effective uses for membrane technologies are found - for example: water purification, industrial effluent treatment, solvent dehydration by per-vaporation, recovery of volatile organic compounds, protein recovery, bioseparations and many others. The pace of change in the membrane industry has been accelerating rapidly in recent years, occasioned in part by the demand of end-users, but also as a result of the investment in R&D by manufacturers. To reflect these changes the author has obtained the latest information from some of the leading suppliers in the business. In one complete volume this unique handbook gives practical guidance to using selected membrane processes in individual industries while also providing a useful guide to equipment selection and usage.
Filters are used in most industries, especially the water, sewage, oil, gas, food and beverage, and pharmaceutical industries. The new edition of this established title is an all-encompassing practical account of standard filtration equipment and its applications. Completely revised and rewritten, it is an essential book for the engineer working in a plant situation-who requires guidance and information on what’s available and whether it’s suitable for the job. Co-published with the Institution of Chemical Engineers. Co-published with the Institution of Chemical Engineers. The leading practical engineering guide to filtration techniques, systems and their applications Meets the needs of all key sectors where filtration is a critical process, including chemical processing and manufacture, food, oil and gas, air-conditioning and water A comprehensive sourcebook and reference for plant engineers, process engineers, plant designers, filter media and filtration specialists and equipment specifiers
Advances in Water Purification Techniques: Meeting the Needs of Developed and Developing Countries provides a variety of approaches to water purification that can help assist readers with their research and applications. Water contamination problems occur frequently worldwide, hence the most updated knowledge on water purification systems can be helpful in employing the right type of filter or other mechanism of decontamination. The problems with arsenic contamination of water in Bangladesh and the lead problem in Flint, Michigan remind us of the need to monitor water pollution rigorously, from both point and non-point sources. Provides a valuable resource on how to solve water contamination problems or develop new approaches to water purification Presents advanced methods for monitoring water contamination Describes various approaches to water purification Encourages new developments in water purification techniques Includes methods for assessing and monitoring environmental contaminants Covers recent advancement in molecular techniques
Approximately four million years of human history has passed. We have been using materials to make a variety of tools. The first materials used were naturally occurring materials such as animal bones, stones, wood etc.; and some of these familiar materials are porous. Porous materials are so familiar that they are sometimes forgotten or ignored. The taste experience of ice cream is created not only by adjusting ingre dients, but also by including air as an ingredient, i.e. pores that give the smooth texture of ice cream. This book is designed to describe and explain about pores, the synthesis of materials with pores (porous materials), and applications of porous materi als. This book is intended for engineers and scientists of different disciplines and specialities, and is expected to be useful in the design and synthesis of porous materials for existing as well as potential new applications. Let us rediscover pores. K. Ishizaki, S. Komameni and M. Nanko January 1998 1 Introduction 1.1 WHAT ARE POROUS MATERIALS? Porous materials are dermed as solids containing pores. Figure 1.1 shows different porous materials. Generally speaking, porous materials have a porosity of 0.2-0.95. The porosity means the fraction of pore volume to the total volume. Porous materials have been used in various applications from daily necessities, such as purifying drinking water by activated carbon or porous ceramics, to uses in modern industries, for example removing dusts from high purity process gases for semiconductor production.
This book provides a systematic overview of the processing and applications of sustainable polymers. The volume covers recent advances in biomedical, food packaging, fuel cell, membrane, and other emerging applications. The book begins by addressing different sections of biomedical application including use of carbohydrate-based therapeutics, nanohybrids, nanohydrogels, bioresorbable polymers and their composites, polymer-grafted nanobiomaterials for biomedical devices and implants, nanofibres, and others. The second part of this book discusses various processing and packaging materials for food packaging applications. The last section discusses other emerging applications, including using microbial fuel cells for waste water treatment, microfluidic fuel cells for low power applications, among others. This volume will be relevant to researchers working to improve the properties of bio-based materials for their advanced application and wide commercialization.
This book promotes understanding of the raw material selection, refractory design, tailor-made refractory developments, refractory properties, and methods of application. It provides a complete analysis of modern iron and steel refractories. It describes the daily demands on modern refractories and describes how these needs can be addressed or improved upon to help achieve the cleanest and largest yields of iron and steel. The text contains end-of-chapter summaries to help reinforce difficult concepts. It also includes problems at the end of chapters to confirm the reader's understanding of topics such as hoop stress modeling in steel ladle and vessels, establishment of thermal gradient modeling , refractory corrosion dynamics, calculation of Blast furnace trough dimension based on thermal modeling, to name a few. Led by editors with backgrounds in both academia and industry, this book can be used in college courses, as a reference for industry professionals, and as an introduction to the technology for those making the transition to industry. Stands as a comprehensive introduction to the science and technology of modern steel and iron-making refractories that examines the processes, construction, and potential improvement of refractory performance and sustainability; Serves as a versatile resource appropriate for all levels, from the student to industry novices to professionals; Reinforces difficult-to-grasp concepts with end-of-chapter summaries; Maximizes reader understanding of key topics, such as refractory selection for steel ladle and vessels, and their corrosion dynamics, with real life problems.
This is a comprehensive guide to single-stranded RNA phages (family Leviviridae), first discovered in 1961. These phages played a unique role in early studies of molecular biology, the genetic code, translation, replication, suppression of mutations. Special attention is devoted to modern applications of the RNA phages and their products in nanotechnology, vaccinology, gene discovery, evolutionary and environmental studies. Included is an overview of the generation of novel vaccines, gene therapy vectors, drug delivery, and diagnostic tools exploring the role of RNA phage-derived products in the revolutionary progress of the protein tethering and bioimaging protocols. Key Features Presents the first full guide to single-stranded RNA phages Reviews the history of molecular biology summarizing the role RNA phages in the development of the life sciences Demonstrates how RNA phage-derived products have resulted in nanotechnological applications Presents an up-to-date account of the role played by RNA phages in evolutionary and environmental studies
