Transgenic and Mutant Tools to Model Brain Disorders
Transgenic and Mutant Tools to Model Brain Disorders

Author: Allan V. Kalueff

Publisher: Humana

Published: 2016-08-23

Total Pages: 246

ISBN-13: 9781493961450

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As the presence of genetically modified animal models in research laboratories has multiplied, the role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of brain disorders has become particularly important. The refinement of molecular genetic methods has continued to broaden our understanding of the genetic factors associated with a variety of disorders. In "Transgenic and Mutant Tools to Model Brain Disorders", leading scientists specializing in this field contribute a timely collection of recent advances featuring a vast array of topics in order to contribute to the diverse approaches taken toward the evaluation of genetically modified models in biomedical research. Opening with several chapters covering general aspects of genetically modified animal models, the book then continues with detailed chapters on models of specific human brain disorders, including OCD, Rett Syndrome, anxiety disorders, depression, and schizophrenia. As a volume in the successful NeuromethodsTM series, the chapters provide authoritative reviews covering the most commonly used approaches in the field. Cutting-edge and concise, "Transgenic and Mutant Tools to Model Brain Disorders" offers a comprehensive and descriptive overview on a variety of topics in neuroscience and biological psychiatry.

Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience
Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience

Author: Jerry J. Buccafusco

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2000-08-29

Total Pages: 341

ISBN-13: 1420041819

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Using the most well-studied behavioral analyses of animal subjects to promote a better understanding of the effects of disease and the effects of new therapeutic treatments on human cognition, Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience provides a reference manual for molecular and cellular research scientists in both academia and the pharmaceutic

Forensic Plant Science
Forensic Plant Science

Author: Jane H Bock

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2015-11-17

Total Pages: 228

ISBN-13: 0128015810

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Forensic botany is the application of plant science to the resolution of legal questions. A plant's anatomy and its ecological requirements are in some cases species specific and require taxonomic verification; correct interpretation of botanical evidence can give vital information about a crime scene or a suspect or victim. The use of botanical evidence in legal investigations in North America is relatively recent. The first botanical testimony to be heard in a North American court concerned the kidnapping and murder of Charles Lindbergh's baby boy and the conviction of Bruno Hauptmann in 1935. Today, forensic botany encompasses numerous subdisciplines of plant science, such as plant anatomy, taxonomy, ecology, palynology, and diatomology, and interfaces with other disciplines, e.g., molecular biology, limnology and oceanography.Forensic Plant Science presents chapters on plant science evidence, plant anatomy, plant taxonomic evidence, plant ecology, case studies for all of the above, as well as the educational pathways for the future of forensic plant science. - Provides techniques, collection methods, and analysis of digested plant materials - Shows how to identify plants of use for crime scene and associated evidence in criminal cases - The book's companion website: http://booksite.elsevier.com/9780128014752, will host a microscopic atlas of common food plants

Food Toxicants Analysis
Food Toxicants Analysis

Author: Yolanda Picó

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2007-02-07

Total Pages: 787

ISBN-13: 0080468012

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Food Toxicants Analysis covers different aspects from the field of analytical food toxicology including emerging analytical techniques and applications to detect food allergens, genetically modified organisms, and novel ingredients (including those of functional foods). Focus will be on natural toxins in food plants and animals, cancer modulating substances, microbial toxins in foods (algal, fungal, and bacterial) and all groups of contaminants (i.e., pesticides), persistent organic pollutants, metals, packaging materials, hormones and animal drug residues. The first section describes the current status of the regulatory framework, including the key principles of the EU food law, food safety, and the main mechanisms of enforcement. The second section addresses validation and quality assurance in food toxicants analysis and comprises a general discussion on the use of risk analysis in establishing priorities, the selection and quality control of available analytical techniques. The third section addresses new issues in food toxicant analysis including food allergens and genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The fourth section covers the analysis of organic food toxicants.* step-by-step guide to the use of food analysis techniques* eighteen chapters covering emerging fields in food toxicants analysis* assesses the latest techniques in the field of inorganic analysis

Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2)
Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2)

Author: Hardy J. Rideout

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-03-28

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 3319499696

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This is the first book to assemble the leading researchers in the field of LRRK2 biology and neurology and provide a snapshot of the current state of knowledge, encompassing all major aspects of its function and dysfunction. The contributors are experts in cell biology and physiology, neurobiology, and medicinal chemistry, bringing a multidisciplinary perspective on the gene and its role in disease. The book covers the identification of LRRK2 as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. It also discusses the current state of the field after a decade of research, putative normal physiological roles of LRRK2, and the various pathways that have been identified in the search for the mechanism(s) of its induction of neurodegeneration.

Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment
Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2000-12-21

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 0309070864

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Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.

International Animal Research Regulations
International Animal Research Regulations

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2012-06-26

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13: 0309252113

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Animals are widely used in neuroscience research to explore biological mechanisms of nervous system function, to identify the genetic basis of disease states, and to provide models of human disorders and diseases for the development of new treatments. To ensure the humane care and use of animals, numerous laws, policies, and regulations are in place governing the use of animals in research, and certain animal regulations have implications specific to neuroscience research. To consider animal research regulations from a global perspective, the IOM Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders, in collaboration with the National Research Council and the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, held a workshop in Buckinghamshire, UK, July 26-27, 2011. The workshop brought together neuroscientists, legal scholars, administrators, and other key stakeholders to discuss current and emerging trends in animal regulations as they apply to the neurosciences. This document summarizes the workshop.

Multifunctional Systems for Combined Delivery, Biosensing and Diagnostics
Multifunctional Systems for Combined Delivery, Biosensing and Diagnostics

Author: Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu

Publisher: William Andrew

Published: 2017-05-03

Total Pages: 374

ISBN-13: 0323527264

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Multifunctional Systems for Combined Delivery, Biosensing, and Diagnostics explores how multifunctional nanocarriers are being used in combined delivery and diagnostics in contemporary medicine. Particular attention is given to efforts to i) reduce the side effects of therapeutic agents, ii) increase the pharmacological effect, and iii) improve aqueous solubility and chemical stability of different therapeutic agents. The chapters focus on applications of nanostructured materials and nanocarriers, highlighting how these can be used effectively in both diagnosis and delivery. This applied focus makes the book an important reference source for those wanting to learn more about how specific nanomaterials and nanotechnology systems can help to solve drug delivery and diagnostics problems. This book is a valuable resource for materials scientists, bioengineers, and medical researchers who are looking for an applications-oriented guide on how nanotechnology and nanomaterials can be used effectively throughout the medical treatment process, from diagnosis to treatment. - Explores the benefits of using a variety of nanomaterials as drug delivery agents - Explains how nanocarriers can reduce the side effects of therapeutic agents - Provides an analysis of the pros and cons of using specific nanocarriers to solve particular diagnosis and delivery problems

Gnotobiotics
Gnotobiotics

Author: Trenton R Schoeb

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2017-08-11

Total Pages: 430

ISBN-13: 0128045833

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Gnotobiotics summarizes and analyzes the research conducted on the use of gnotobiotes, providing detailed information regarding actual facility operation and derivation of gnotobiotic animals. In response to the development of new tools for microbiota and microbiome analysis, the increasing recognition of the various roles of microbiota in health and disease, and the consequent expanding demand for gnotobiotic animals for microbiota/microbiome related research, this volume collates the research of this expanding field into one definitive resource. - Reviews and defines gnotobiotic animal species - Analyzes microbiota in numerous contexts - Presents detailed coverage of the protocols and operation of a gnotobiotic facility

Care, Use, and Welfare of Marmosets as Animal Models for Gene Editing-Based Biomedical Research
Care, Use, and Welfare of Marmosets as Animal Models for Gene Editing-Based Biomedical Research

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2019-08-26

Total Pages: 123

ISBN-13: 0309488516

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The marmoset, a type of small monkey native to South America, is a research model of increasing importance for biomedical research in the United States and globally. Marmosets offer a range of advantages as animal models in neuroscience, aging, infectious diseases, and other fields of study. They may be particularly useful for the development of new disease models using genetic engineering and assisted reproductive technologies. However, concerns have been voiced with respect to the development of new marmoset-based models of disease, ethical considerations for their use, the supply of marmosets available for research, and gaps in guidance for their care and management. To explore and address these concerns, the Roundtable on Science and Welfare in Laboratory Animal Use hosted a public workshop on October 22-23, 2018, in Washington, DC. The workshop focused on the availability of marmosets in the United States and abroad; animal welfare and ethical considerations stemming from the use of wildtype and genetically modified marmosets; and standards of housing and care, dietary needs, and feeding requirements for marmosets in captivity. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.