Monograph on trade union mergers and trade union federations in the USA - analyses merger negotiations and membership concentration in the iron and steel industries, mail handlers, pulp and paper industry, railway industry, etc., And includes a chronology of mergers, a list of trade unions and employees associations and merger agreements. Bibliography pp. 205 to 218, references and statistical tables.
As Trade Union membership has declined, merger and amalgamation have been prominent features in strategies of revitalization. Yet, there is very little systematic, empirical research into their effects on unions or the wider union movement. This ground-breaking study fills this gap with its in-depth analysis of British unions' mergers since 1978.
This Brief examines the way that labor unions have been able to use mergers to survive the trend of sharply declining size and bargaining power. Using the metaphor of a ship adrift in a stormy sea, the author addresses the often-asked questions of why unions merge, how unions merge, and what unions can accomplish by merging. The first chapter sets the stage for union mergers by presenting the dilemma of American unions. The second chapter describes the motivation to merge by linking it to union decline. The third chapter deals with the barriers to merger, primarily major differences in union governance and opposition from officers, members and union staff. The fourth chapter examines the specific process by which unions amalgamate and absorb, the dynamics of merger overtures and negotiations, and the themes and variations of merger agreements and merger implementation agreements. The fifth chapter examines merger outcomes and the degree to which mergers are only a partial solution and often cannot resolve the problems that prompted them. The sixth and final chapter summarizes the present and future role that mergers might play in stabilizing and strengthening a labor movement adrift in a sea of turmoil. This Brief will be of interest to scholars of industrial relations, labor economics, and management.
Focusing on trade union mergers in Britain and Germany, and drawing on interviews with senior policy-makers, this book addresses reasons for mergers, examines the conclusion processes, and analyzes costs and benefits for post-merger organizations.
The past fifteen years have been difficult for the labor movements in industrial countries. Gary N. Chaison addresses questions implicit in the decline of unions in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand: How and why do labor unions merge under pressure? What role do mergers play in the unions' strategies to deal with membership losses, management opposition, and hostile governments? Are there distinctive national profiles of union mergers? Chaison begins by describing the dynamics of the union merger process as large unions combine with each other in amalgamations, as small unions are absorbed into larger ones, and as local unions affiliate into nationals. He discusses the reasons for mergers, the barriers to consolidation, and the problems of integration which may result. The five chapters that follow are arranged in order of increasing intensity in merger activity, ranging from the United States, where interest in mergers is growing, to New Zealand, where changing legislation has catalyzed an enormous wave of mergers. For each of the five countries considered, Chaison characterizes the industrial relations climate and merger record since 1980, explains landmark mergers, identifies the antecedents, and assesses the chances that a sudden flood of mergers will occur. The final chapter compares the national profiles, extrapolating the significant differences and common threads. Chaison concludes that while mergers can play a critical role in revitalizing labor movements and building the dominant unions of the future, they are not necessarily solving the fundamental economic and political problems that plague unions.
Throughout the industrialised world trade unionists are reforming their organisations as part of a strategy to adjust to new labour market, economic and political circumstances. This volume examines the role of merger activity in this process of reform. The book identifies the pattern of merger activity, the factors that promote its development and its impact on union structure and governance. Most merger activity is shown to originate in some adverse environmental change, such as membership decline. Furthermore, there is little evidence to suggest that mergers have improved union performance in the recruitment, retention and organisation of members, although, in some cases, the reform of systems of membership participation has been facilitated. The shift away from industrial unions has been accelerated by merger involvement, which has also brought into question the role of confederations where the number of affiliated unions has declined markedly. The book comprises two sections. The first section examines the merger process in ten countries (Australia, Austria, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, UK and US). The second section comprises three 'horizontal' chapters in which authors of the national chapters develop themes that emerge from the national chapters in comparative perspective.
Recent years have seen a huge growth in European cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A), and considerable attention has been given to how such deals arise and are completed. A U.S. investor must understand the basic difference in the principle of individual labor law in the U.S. and how it compares with the laws of the target country in an M&A. In the U.S., under the employment at-will doctrine, the U.S. private sector employers can dismiss their non-unionized employees at any time for any reason or even no reason at all. In most European Union (EU) countries and Germany and Italy specifically, employees are presumed to have a basic right to keep their jobs indefinitely. One of the greatest labor cost disparity with the U.S. is not wages. It is the amount of paid time-off and other benefits. Employers in Germany and Italy will find it difficult to discharge employees without incurring substantial liability. For high-level, long-term employees, these severance payments can run into six or even seven figures.
