Toilet Adoption in Rural India
Toilet Adoption in Rural India

Author: Saswata Biswas

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2024-03-28

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 1040000495

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book examines sanitation and toilet access across rural India, focusing on psychological, socio-cultural, infrastructural, and normative barriers to the initiative of Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM). While sketching the evolution of sanitation policies in India, it assesses their impact on sanitation behaviour. It also studies the implications of variations in caste, religion, and geography on toilet usage across Indian states. By analysing data from various states and intensive micro-level studies of three states, i.e., rural Bihar, Gujarat, and Telangana, this volume: Suggests that socio-cultural factors are as significant as economic factors in shaping sanitation behaviour Argues that the concepts of cleanliness and pollution are often determined by the social-cultural context, rooted in historical events that have shaped traditional beliefs and ideas about space Explores gendered perspectives on the usage of and access to toilets Highlights the limited effectiveness of Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) programs in encouraging toilet adoption and emphasizes the need for information dissemination at the ground level Gives recommendations for enhancing the adoption of toilets in rural India, including provision for more than one toilet per household, uninterrupted access to water, and behavioural change to combat open defecation This book will be useful to students studying sociology, psychology, social work, and development studies. It will also be an invaluable companion to NGOs, social workers and activists actively involved in water, sanitation, and hygiene. Moreover, this book holds immense value as a pivotal resource and point of reference for policymakers engaged in rural development with a specific focus on Sustainable Development Goals.

Toilet Adoption in Rural India
Toilet Adoption in Rural India

Author: S. N. Biswas

Publisher:

Published: 2024

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781032726267

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

"This book examines sanitation and toilet access across rural India, focusing on psychological, socio-cultural, infrastructural, and normative barriers to the initiative of Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM). While sketching the evolution of sanitation policies in India, it assesses their impact on sanitation behaviour. It also studies the implications of variations in caste, religion, and geography on toilet usage across Indian states. By analysing data from various states and intensive micro-level studies of three states, i.e., rural Bihar, Gujarat, and Telangana, this volume: Suggests that socio-cultural factors are as significant as economic factors in shaping sanitation behaviour; Argues that the concepts of cleanliness and pollution are often determined by the social-cultural context, rooted in historical events that have shaped traditional beliefs and ideas about space; Explores gendered perspectives on the usage of and access to toilets; Highlights the limited effectiveness of Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) programs in encouraging toilet adoption and emphasizes the need for information dissemination at the ground level; Gives recommendations for enhancing the adoption of toilets in rural India, including provision for more than one toilet per household, uninterrupted access to water, and behavioural change to combat open defecation. This book will be useful to students studying sociology, psychology, social work, and development studies. It will also be an invaluable companion to NGOs, social workers and activists actively involved in water, sanitation, and hygiene. Moreover, this book holds immense value as a pivotal resource and point of reference for policymakers engaged in rural development with a specific focus on Sustainable Development Goals"--

Flushed with Success
Flushed with Success

Author: Malvika Tyagi

Publisher:

Published: 2023

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This study investigates the impact of participation in a social scheme on toilet adoption and soap usage, while addressing the issue of self-selection bias. Using a linear probability model, we find that households receiving treatment were significantly more likely to adopt a toilet and use soap (for hand wash) than non-participants. However, to address the potential for self-selection bias, we implement Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to create reasonable counterfactuals for the treatment group. Results from both radius matching and nearest-neighbor matching indicate that households receiving treatment were significantly more likely to adopt a toilet and use soap than non-participants. Our study highlights the importance of addressing self-selection bias when estimating the impact of participation in social schemes on sanitation. The findings provide important insights for policymakers seeking to improve sanitation outcomes through social interventions.

Where India Goes
Where India Goes

Author: Diane Coffey

Publisher: Harper Collins

Published: 2017-07-10

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 9352645669

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

More than half the people who defecate in the open live in India. Around the world, people live healthier lives than in centuries past, in part because latrines keep faecal germs away from growing babies. India is an exception. Most Indians do not use toilets or latrines, and so infants in India are more likely to die than in neighbouring poorer countries. Children in India are more likely to be stunted than children in sub-Saharan Africa.Where India Goes demonstrates that open defecation in India is not the result of poverty but a direct consequence of the caste system, untouchability and ritual purity. Coffey and Spears tell an unsanitized story of an unsanitary subject, with characters spanning the worlds of mothers and babies living in villages to local government implementers, senior government policymakers and international development professionals. They write of increased funding and ever more unused latrines.Where India Goes is an important and timely book that calls for the annihilation of caste and attendant prejudices, and a fundamental shift in policy perspectives to effect a crucial, much overdue change.

Drinking Water Security in Rural India
Drinking Water Security in Rural India

Author: M. Dinesh Kumar

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-02-07

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 9811691983

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book highlights the multi-pronged strategy for achieving sustainable rural domestic water supply in India. It deepens the understanding of groundwater (predominant source of water supply) behaviour in response to natural processes in different geological settings, analyses the factors influencing the performance of water supply schemes; identifies the conditions under which groundwater-based drinking water sources become sustainable, suggests measures for improving the sustainability of drinking water wells in hard rock regions (covering 2/3rd of India’s geographical area), presents a decision-making framework for planning rural water supply schemes in the country for ensuring long-term sustainability, and suggests physical strategies and policy measures for achieving them. The analyses for development and validation of various models that explain groundwater system behaviour and performance of rural water supply schemes are undertaken for different geological settings in Maharashtra, as the state represents a microcosm of the various hydrological, topographical, and geohydrological conditions encountered in the country. The final analysis for proposing nation-wide strategies considers the various hydrological, geological, geohydrological, and topographical and climatic settings and groundwater contamination and pollution in the country.

Shifting Social Norms to Reduce Open Defecation in Rural India
Shifting Social Norms to Reduce Open Defecation in Rural India

Author: Varun Gauri

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Toilet ownership in India has grown in recent years, but open defecation can persist even when rural households own latrines. There are at least two pathways through which social norms inhibit the use of toilets in rural India: (i) beliefs/expectations that others do not use toilets or latrines or find open defecation unacceptable; and (ii) beliefs about ritual notions of purity that dissociate latrines from cleanliness. A survey in Uttar Pradesh, India, finds a positive correlation between latrine use and social norms at baseline. To confront these, an information campaign was piloted to test the effectiveness of rebranding latrine use and promoting positive social norms. The intervention, which made information about growing latrine use among latrine owners more salient, reduced open defecation practices across all treatment households, with average latrine use score in treatment villages increasing by up to 11 percent, relative to baseline. Large improvements were also observed in pro-latrine beliefs. This suggests that low-cost information campaigns can effectively improve pro-latrine beliefs and practices, as well as shift perceptions of why many people still find open defecation acceptable. Measuring social norms as described can help diagnose barriers to reducing open defecation, contribute to the quality of large-scale surveys, and make development interventions more sustainable.

Design of Sustainable Toilets for Rural and Urban India
Design of Sustainable Toilets for Rural and Urban India

Author: Parag Deshpande

Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 92

ISBN-13: 9783847322511

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The world is moving towards green lifestyle and so are Indians too. Users are trying to be environmental friendly and designers are giving them the products which would take care of the future generations. Huge investments are being made and latest technologies are being adopted to keep environment and human beings healthy. Sanitation is one of the crucial factors which can take care of environment and human beings. There is a massive demand for proper sanitation, especially in India as most of the citizens are deprived of it. Sustainable products are becoming a trend for many of us. Making sustainable sanitation a pleasurable experience as well as an income generation mechanism was always unrequited. It is surely possible and thus the aim was to design a toilet which would be self sustaining and can be made using resources locally available, to sanitize and reuse the waste generated, emphasizing on the usability, cost, returns and different environmental conditions. Different design methodologies were adopted during the process. A small exercise was also performed on Return of Investment, which shows the affordability of the product to a common man of India.

Management of Irrigation and Water Supply Under Climatic Extremes
Management of Irrigation and Water Supply Under Climatic Extremes

Author: M. Dinesh Kumar

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-03-20

Total Pages: 371

ISBN-13: 3030594599

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This volume provides a theoretical basis for the argument that available research that analyzes the impacts of climate on hydrology, water resources, and water systems, without factoring in the effect of climate variability, are inadequate and often misleading. Also, the book empirically shows that the impacts of climate variability on hydrology and water resources, and irrigation, water supply & sanitation systems are far more pronounced than the likely impacts of future change in climate. The book discusses technological, institutional and policy alternatives for reducing these impacts on various competitive use sectors, especially, irrigation, and water supply and sanitation through case studies of river basins in different hydrological setting. To set the context, the volume first presents the long term trends in precipitation and temperature in different regions of India, and compares them against inter-annual, inter-seasonal and intra-day variations in climatic parameters, to show how their differential impacts on water resources.