What we call time in physics is not a real entity in the universe. The real entities in the universe are matter and energy. Energy gives motion to matter or allows the transformation of matter, giving us the illusion of passing time or more precisely a perception of an "arrow of time". The mistake about using time as a real entity in physics came first in the 18th century when L. Euler, in 1752, states that acceleration of a body is the time derivative of velocity. Instead, we will use d'Alembert definition of acceleration deduced by experimental results: (phi*dt)=dv, where dt is not time differential as in differential calculation but only a small constant of "duration", and phi the acceleration. Einstein theory was to think that time is a real entity in the universe and then space-time coordinates can describe the universe.
Bestselling author and acclaimed physicist Lawrence Krauss offers a paradigm-shifting view of how everything that exists came to be in the first place. “Where did the universe come from? What was there before it? What will the future bring? And finally, why is there something rather than nothing?” One of the few prominent scientists today to have crossed the chasm between science and popular culture, Krauss describes the staggeringly beautiful experimental observations and mind-bending new theories that demonstrate not only can something arise from nothing, something will always arise from nothing. With a new preface about the significance of the discovery of the Higgs particle, A Universe from Nothing uses Krauss’s characteristic wry humor and wonderfully clear explanations to take us back to the beginning of the beginning, presenting the most recent evidence for how our universe evolved—and the implications for how it’s going to end. Provocative, challenging, and delightfully readable, this is a game-changing look at the most basic underpinning of existence and a powerful antidote to outmoded philosophical, religious, and scientific thinking.
From Nobel prize-winner Roger Penrose, this groundbreaking book is for anyone "who is interested in the world, how it works, and how it got here" (New York Journal of Books). Penrose presents a new perspective on three of cosmology’s essential questions: What came before the Big Bang? What is the source of order in our universe? And what cosmic future awaits us? He shows how the expected fate of our ever-accelerating and expanding universe—heat death or ultimate entropy—can actually be reinterpreted as the conditions that will begin a new “Big Bang.” He details the basic principles beneath our universe, explaining various standard and non-standard cosmological models, the fundamental role of the cosmic microwave background, the paramount significance of black holes, and other basic building blocks of contemporary physics. Intellectually thrilling and widely accessible, Cycles of Time is a welcome new contribution to our understanding of the universe from one of our greatest mathematicians and thinkers.
This book is for anyone who wants a fresh approach to modern physics. Are you tired of amusing anecdotes about scientists' personal lives and eureka moments? Bored of chronological narratives of scientific progress through the ages? No longer wowed by ideas like string theory? Interested in first principles thinking and what it can do for you? This book is for you. This book is designed to take you step by step through the fundamental principles that underlie the physics of space, time, and matter. It is a how-to guide for building up our universe from first principles. By posing questions and answering them with illustrations and examples, the book shows how we can demonstrate what we know about the universe with simple concepts and thought experiments. With this book, you too can apply first principles to build up your own model of the universe and how it works, one you can take with you, and apply it to other areas of your life such as your job, business, even your relationships. There are no complicated mathematics in this book and I have minimized the amount of jargon. Thus, it is suitable anyone of any educational background from high school on. The book aims to be straightforward about how we get from simple ideas to complex physical theories. So, if you are interested in a new way of looking at the universe and are not afraid to unlearn some of what you have learned, take a look inside.
'If you feel you are in a black hole, don't give up. There's a way out' What is inside a black hole? Is time travel possible? Throughout his extraordinary career, Stephen Hawking expanded our understanding of the universe and unravelled some of its greatest mysteries. In What Is Inside a Black Hole? Hawking takes us on a journey to the outer reaches of our imaginations, exploring the science of time travel and black holes. 'The best most mind-bending sort of physics' The Times Brief Answers, Big Questions: this stunning paperback series offers electrifying essays from one of the greatest minds of our age, taken from the original text of the No. 1 bestselling Brief Answers to the Big Questions.
Writing for the general reader or student, Wald has completely revised and updated this highly regarded work to include recent developments in black hole physics and cosmology. Nature called the first edition "a very readable and accurate account of modern relativity physics for the layman within the unavoidable constraint of almost no mathematics. . . . A well written, entertaining and authoritative book."
What is superstring theory and why is it important? Can superstrings offer the fulfilment of Einstein's lifelong dream of a Theory of Everything? Co-authored by one of the leading pioneers in superstrings, this book approaches these scientific questions, looking at the scientific research.
ATTENTION - The reviewer who left one star, only did - quote - "a QUICK scan of the first few paragraphs". He also then said, 'he's off to search for books with religion in' ! - There is no religious content in my book, I can only guess that when the reviewer discovered this he may have been displeased. As for the formatting, I used the paperback manuscript in order to preserve the page numbers, so they do break the text, and unfortunately, there's sometimes a space of several lines before the next text starts. I've sent a corrected manuscript up along with this new description, but I've still left the page numbers in. I would hardly call it a 'nightmare' as the reviewer has done. On to the positive - If you love science, existence and reality, there's nothing more exciting than reading about new ideas ! Well, here, are several NEW and PROFOUND ideas. Update yourself with the latest universe theories, and - crucially - get the whole picture, with latest the thinking about - TIME, FREE WILL, RANDOMNESS, CAUSE AND EFFECT, INFORMATION AND ORDER, BLACK HOLES and THE BIG BANG - Learn about my new 'THE STEADY STATE OF THE INFINITE' theory - Learn why the universe won't keep expanding forever - Learn why black holes don't destroy information - Learn why everything that can happen doesn't happen - Learn why time doesn't exist - Learn why there's no such thing as free will - Learn the importance 'cause and effect' and 'information and order' have in shaping our world and the universe. Exciting ideas for general readers - and top scientists alike, who are fascinated by EXISTENCE ! As a taste of what's to come, in the first chapter of my book I've coined the statement - "THAT WHICH CAME OUT OF THE BIG BANG WENT IN FIRST". Simple as it seems, not many theories or scientists have ever suggested that. The only way to escape this conclusion is to assume you can have something from nothing. Many theories seem to treat the big bang as the beginning of everything, even time and space itself. Many concentrate on 'the universe' as the be-all and end-all of everything. I don't, as you may come to read. So for a complete picture, you need a theory to include what was before the big bang, what's in the rest of the space it went bang in, and what's going to happen to our universe. I've created many such ideas and statements which I believe are new and with profound consequences. When I combine them all together I reach some AMAZING and mind-blowing conclusions ! It's not enough just to have a good theory of the universe, so I've included a mixture of major related topics, again including many of my own new ideas, in order to give you a complete picture of existence. I get straight to the point without waffle or histories, e.g. what Plato thought etc., so it's a short book and you won't have to worry about finding time to read it. - I PROMISE AND STAND BY MY STATEMENT, THAT - "There are several NEW and PROFOUND ideas" in my book. I believe with all sincerity that at least some of my ideas will forever change the way you see existence ! Best wishes David J Franks
There are two scientific theories that, taken together, explain the entire universe. The first, which describes the force of gravity, is widely known: Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity. But the theory that explains everything else—the Standard Model of Elementary Particles—is virtually unknown among the general public. In The Theory of Almost Everything, Robert Oerter shows how what were once thought to be separate forces of nature were combined into a single theory by some of the most brilliant minds of the twentieth century. Rich with accessible analogies and lucid prose, The Theory of Almost Everything celebrates a heretofore unsung achievement in human knowledge—and reveals the sublime structure that underlies the world as we know it.
