Three-dimensional Geomodeling to Identify Spatial Relations Between Lithostratigraphy and Porosity in the Karst Carbonate Biscayne Aquifer, Southeastern Florida
Three-dimensional Geomodeling to Identify Spatial Relations Between Lithostratigraphy and Porosity in the Karst Carbonate Biscayne Aquifer, Southeastern Florida

Author: Richard Westcott

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13:

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In southeastern Florida, the majority of drinking water comes from the Biscayne Aquifer. This aquifer is comprised of heterogeneous limestones, sandstones, sand, shell and clayey sand with zones of very high permeability. Visualizing the spatial variations in lithology, porosity and permeability of heterogeneous aquifers, like the Biscayne, can be difficult using traditional methods of investigation. Using the Roxar IRAP RMS software multi-layered 3D conceptual geomodels of the lithology, cyclostratigraphy and porosity were created in a portion of the Biscayne Aquifer. The models were built using published data from borehole geophysical measurements, core samples, and thin sections. Spatial relations between lithology, cyclostratigraphy, porosity, and preferential flow zones were compared and contrasted to better understand how these geologic features were inter-related. The models show local areas of differing porosity within and cross-cutting different cycles and lithologies. Porosity in the Biscayne Aquifer study area follows a hierarchy attributed to lithofacies with a pattern of increasing porosity for the high frequency cycles. This modeling improves understanding of the distribution and interconnectedness of preferential flow zones, and is thus an invaluable tool for future studies of groundwater flow and groundwater contamination in the Biscayne Aquifer.

Seismic Diffraction
Seismic Diffraction

Author: Tijmen Jan Moser

Publisher: SEG Books

Published: 2016-06-30

Total Pages: 823

ISBN-13: 1560803177

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The use of diffraction imaging to complement the seismic reflection method is rapidly gaining momentum in the oil and gas industry. As the industry moves toward exploiting smaller and more complex conventional reservoirs and extensive new unconventional resource plays, the application of the seismic diffraction method to image sub-wavelength features such as small-scale faults, fractures and stratigraphic pinchouts is expected to increase dramatically over the next few years. “Seismic Diffraction” covers seismic diffraction theory, modeling, observation, and imaging. Papers and discussion include an overview of seismic diffractions, including classic papers which introduced the potential of diffraction phenomena in seismic processing; papers on the forward modeling of seismic diffractions, with an emphasis on the theoretical principles; papers which describe techniques for diffraction mathematical modeling as well as laboratory experiments for the physical modeling of diffractions; key papers dealing with the observation of seismic diffractions, in near-surface-, reservoir-, as well as crustal studies; and key papers on diffraction imaging.

Hypogene Karst Regions and Caves of the World
Hypogene Karst Regions and Caves of the World

Author: Alexander Klimchouk

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-08-17

Total Pages: 903

ISBN-13: 3319533487

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This book illustrates the diversity of hypogene speleogenetic processes and void-conduit patterns depending on variations of the geological environments by presenting regional and cave-specific case studies. The cases include both well-known and newly recognized hypogene karst regions and caves of the world. They all focus on geological, hydrogeological, geodynamical and evolutionary contexts of hypogene speleogenesis. The last decade has witnessed the boost in recognition of the possibility, global occurrence, and practical importance of hypogene karstification (speleogenesis), i.e. the development of solutional porosity and permeability by upwelling flow, independent of recharge from the overlying or immediately adjacent surface. Hypogene karst has been identified and documented in many regions where it was previously overlooked or misinterpreted. The book enriches the basis for generalization and categorization of hypogene karst and thus improves our ability to adequately model hypogene karstification and predict related porosity and permeability. It is a book which benefits every researcher, student, and practitioner dealing with karst.

Microbial Carbonates in Space and Time:
Microbial Carbonates in Space and Time:

Author: D.W.J. Bosence

Publisher: Geological Society of London

Published: 2015-08-21

Total Pages: 310

ISBN-13: 1862397279

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Microbial carbonates (microbialites) are remarkable sedimentary deposits because they have the longest geological range of any type of biogenic limestones, they form in the greatest range of different sedimentary environments, they oxygenated the Earth’s atmosphere, and they produce and store large volumes of hydrocarbons. This Special Publication provides significant contributions at a pivotal time in our understanding of microbial carbonates, when their economic importance has become established and the results of many research programmes are coming to fruition. It is the first book to focus on the economic aspects of microbialites and in particular the giant pre-salt discoveries offshore Brazil. In addition it contains papers on the processes involved in formation of both modern and ancient microbialites and the diversity of style in microbial carbonate buildups, structures and fabrics in both marine and non-marine settings and throughout the geological record.

Karst Modeling
Karst Modeling

Author: Arthur Palmer

Publisher: Karst Waters Institute

Published: 1999-02-01

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 0964025841

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Proceedings of the symposium held February 24 through 27, 1999, Charlottesville, Virginia

Evolution of Karst
Evolution of Karst

Author: Franci Gabrovšek

Publisher: Založba ZRC

Published: 2002-09-16

Total Pages: 452

ISBN-13: 9616358634

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Knjiga Evolution of karst: from prekarst to cessation (Razvoj krasa: od predkrasa do izginotja) je zbornik istoimenskega simpozija, ki je v septembru 2002 potekal na Inštitutu za raziskovanje krasa ZRC SAZU. Namen knjige je odgovoriti na vprašanja, kot so: Kdaj se začne kras in kdaj končač Kateri procesi in dogodki določajo razvoj kraškega podzemlja in površjač Kako je razvoj krasa povezan s pretakanjem voda v kraškem vodonosniku in kako z razvojem in razširjenostjo bioloških vrstč Kako merimo čas, ki je minil od določenih dogodkov v krasuč

Lunar Settlements
Lunar Settlements

Author: Haym Benaroya

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2010-02-12

Total Pages: 804

ISBN-13: 1420083333

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Bringing together some of the most recognized and influential researchers and scientists in various space-related disciplines, Lunar Settlements addresses the many issues that surround the permanent human return to the Moon. Numerous international contributors offer their insights into how certain technological, physiological, and psychological challenges must be met to make permanent lunar settlements possible. The book first looks to the past, covering the Apollo and Saturn legacies. In addition, former astronaut and U.S. Senator Harrison H. Schmitt discusses how to maintain deep space exploration and settlement. The book then discusses economic aspects, such as funding for lunar commerce, managing human resources, and commercial transportation logistics. After examining how cultural elements will fit into habitat design, the text explores the physiological, psychological, and ethical impact of living on a lunar settlement. It also describes the planning/technical requirements of lunar habitation, the design of both manned and modular lunar bases, and the protection of lunar habitats against meteoroids. Focusing on lunar soil mechanics, the book concludes with discussions on lunar concrete, terraforming, and using greenhouses for agricultural purposes. Drawing from the lunar experiences of the six Apollo landing missions to the many American and Soviet robotic missions to current space activities and research, this volume summarizes the problems, prospects, and practicality of enduring lunar settlements. It reflects the key disciplines, including engineering, physics, architecture, psychology, biology, and anthropology, that will play significant roles in establishing these settlements.