Early American city builders developed material regulations that define where and when specific building materials can be used based on a singular urban risk, conflagration. Over the next century, building codes translated fire protection goals into rules addressing vulnerabilities at the building scale--including occupancy, building height, and property line proximity--to define the range of allowable building materials in specific locations. The resulting "Construction Types" produced a product-scale material performance mentality and gave rise to urban neighborhoods characterized by a dominant building material with correlating delineations of socioeconomic vulnerability. Encoded in these material choices and the patterns they establish, one can find a direct link between building codes, construction materials, financial policy, and overall quality of life, marking an essential arena for social and economic debate in the built environment.
The classic work on the evaluation of city form. What does the city's form actually mean to the people who live there? What can the city planner do to make the city's image more vivid and memorable to the city dweller? To answer these questions, Mr. Lynch, supported by studies of Los Angeles, Boston, and Jersey City, formulates a new criterion—imageability—and shows its potential value as a guide for the building and rebuilding of cities. The wide scope of this study leads to an original and vital method for the evaluation of city form. The architect, the planner, and certainly the city dweller will all want to read this book.
This contemporary, comprehensive, case-driven book from award-winning teacher Matthew Lippman covers the constitutional foundation of criminal procedure and includes numerous cases selected for their appeal to today’s students. Organized around the challenge of striking a balance between rights and liberties, Criminal Procedure, Fourth Edition emphasizes diversity and its impact on how laws are enforced. Built-in learning aids, including You Decide scenarios, Legal Equations, and Criminal Procedure in the News features, engage students and help them master key concepts. Fully updated throughout, the Fourth Edition includes today’s most recent legal developments and decisions. Features and Benefits A chapter-opening vignette drawn from a case in the chapter gets students immediately involved in the content that follows. Test Your Knowledge questions at the beginning of each chapter help students activate prior knowledge read with purpose for topics they don't yet know. Edited cases introduced by clear and accessible descriptions provide students with concrete examples and illustrations and expose them to the actual documents that have shaped the American criminal justice system. Additional edited cases are available on the student study website. Legal Equations offer visual overviews of the laws and concepts discussed in the text. Questions after each case reinforce learning and help students uncover the key points. Criminal Procedure in the News excerpts expose students to contemporary developments in the law through current events. Chapter Summaries and Chapter Review Questions help students prepare for exams. A chapter-ending Legal Terminology section with corresponding Glossary helps students master the vocabulary of the criminal justice system. New to this Edition A number of significant, new U.S. Supreme Court decisions are now cases discussed in the book, such as United States v. Carpenter, which raised important questions around police use of new technology. Other new cases address important issues including privacy, racial discrimination, and effective assistance of counsel, search and seizure, juries, plea bargaining, the exclusionary rule, pretrial motions, and habeas corpus. Features. The content includes a new Test Your Knowledge feature and a number of new You Decide and Criminal Procedure in the News features that explore crucial topics such as police use of deadly force, the second amendment and gun control, a defendant’s right to a bail, racial bias in jury deliberations, searches of electronic devices, and much more. Topics. Several new topics have been added or expanded to reflect their growing impact on criminal procedure. These topics include technology and the home, police use of cell-site location information and body cameras, patterns and trends of Terry stops in major cities across the US, individuals being arrested for “Walking While Black,” racial bias in the judiciary, and the impact of the policies of the Trump administration on the use of drones, the detention of undocumented immigrants, and the continued operation of the detention facilities at Guantanamo.
In the United States, people of color are disproportionally more likely to live in environments with poor air quality, in close proximity to toxic waste, and in locations more vulnerable to climate change and extreme weather events. In many vulnerable neighborhoods, structural racism and classism prevent residents from having a seat at the table when decisions are made about their community. In an effort to overcome power imbalances and ensure local knowledge informs decision-making, a new approach to community engagement is essential. In Resilience for All, Barbara Brown Wilson looks at less conventional, but often more effective methods to make communities more resilient. She takes an in-depth look at what equitable, positive change through community-driven design looks like in four communities—East Biloxi, Mississippi; the Lower East Side of Manhattan; the Denby neighborhood in Detroit, Michigan; and the Cully neighborhood in Portland, Oregon. These vulnerable communities have prevailed in spite of serious urban stressors such as climate change, gentrification, and disinvestment. Wilson looks at how the lessons in the case studies and other examples might more broadly inform future practice. She shows how community-driven design projects in underserved neighborhoods can not only change the built world, but also provide opportunities for residents to build their own capacities.
