The Structure of Idealization
The Structure of Idealization

Author: Lesz Nowak

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 9401576513

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Much is said in Marxist literature about Marxist methodology which is supposed to be entirely original - differing a great deal from all other trends in the modern philosophy of science. On the other hand, however, it is unfallacious to state that there are no people outside Marxism who would like to deny this statement. This has to put those who really believe that Marxism has something important to say in philosophy of science on guard: if someone says something important others usually are inclined to protest. But who is inclined to protest when it is stated that Marx em ployed both induction and deduction, a historical method and a logical one as well, synthesis, but also analysis, etc? Who is inclined to protest when it is not known what within this framework 'induction', 'deduction' 'history' or 'logic' mean? Who is inclined to protest when 'Marxist meth odology' is presented not with the aid of precise definitions and clear hypotheses but with the aid of a jungle of quotations? I think that the main malfeasance of the current 'Marxist methodology', is that of ecclecticism. The methodology of Marx is presented as a col lection of trivial and/or obscure ideas but not as a system of statements subordinated to any clear, definite viewpoint presenting a new grasp ofthe nature of scientific cognition. Search for reconstruction of Marxian meth odology as a system of the kind is the main aim of this book.

As If
As If

Author: Kwame Anthony Appiah

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2017-08-14

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 0674982193

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“Appiah is a writer and thinker of remarkable range... [He] has packed into this short book an impressive amount of original reflection... A rich and illuminating book.” —Thomas Nagel, New York Review of Books Idealization is a fundamental feature of human thought. We build simplified models to make sense of the world, and life is a constant adjustment between the models we make and the realities we encounter. Our beliefs, desires, and sense of justice are bound up with these ideals, and we proceed “as if” our representations were true, while knowing they are not. In this elegant and original meditation, Kwame Anthony Appiah suggests that this instinct to idealize is not dangerous or distracting so much as it is necessary. As If explores how strategic untruth plays a critical role in far-flung areas of inquiry: decision theory, psychology, natural science, and political philosophy. A polymath who writes with mainstream clarity, Appiah defends the centrality of the imagination not just in the arts but in science, morality, and everyday life. “Appiah is the rare public intellectual who is also a first-rate analytic philosopher, and the characteristic virtues associated with each of these identities are very much in evidence throughout the book.” —Thomas Kelly, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews

Idealization and the Aims of Science
Idealization and the Aims of Science

Author: Angela Potochnik

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2020-09-23

Total Pages: 263

ISBN-13: 022675944X

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Science is the study of our world, as it is in its messy reality. Nonetheless, science requires idealization to function—if we are to attempt to understand the world, we have to find ways to reduce its complexity. Idealization and the Aims of Science shows just how crucial idealization is to science and why it matters. Beginning with the acknowledgment of our status as limited human agents trying to make sense of an exceedingly complex world, Angela Potochnik moves on to explain how science aims to depict and make use of causal patterns—a project that makes essential use of idealization. She offers case studies from a number of branches of science to demonstrate the ubiquity of idealization, shows how causal patterns are used to develop scientific explanations, and describes how the necessarily imperfect connection between science and truth leads to researchers’ values influencing their findings. The resulting book is a tour de force, a synthesis of the study of idealization that also offers countless new insights and avenues for future exploration.

Idealization XIV
Idealization XIV

Author: Giacomo Borbone

Publisher: Poznań Studies in the Phi

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 9789004318298

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Idealization XIV: Models in science' offers a detailed ontological, epistemological and historical account of the role of models in scientific practice. The volume contains contributions of different international scholars who developed many aspects of the use of idealizations and models both in the natural and the social sciences. This volume is particularly relevant because it offers original contributions concerning one of the main topic in philosophy of science: the role of models in such branches of the sciences and the humanities like comparative historical sociology, economics, history, linguistics and political philosophy.0.

Mechanical Vibration
Mechanical Vibration

Author: Haym Benaroya

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2009-06-10

Total Pages: 992

ISBN-13: 1420080571

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Mechanical Vibration: Analysis, Uncertainties, and Control simply and comprehensively addresses the fundamental principles of vibration theory, emphasizing its application in solving practical engineering problems. The authors focus on strengthening engineers’ command of mathematics as a cornerstone for understanding vibration, control, and the ways in which uncertainties affect analysis. It provides a detailed exploration and explanation of the essential equations involved in modeling vibrating systems and shows readers how to employ MATLAB® as an advanced tool for analyzing specific problems. Forgoing the extensive and in-depth analysis of randomness and control found in more specialized texts, this straightforward, easy-to-follow volume presents the format, content, and depth of description that the authors themselves would have found useful when they first learned the subject. The authors assume that the readers have a basic knowledge of dynamics, mechanics of materials, differential equations, and some knowledge of matrix algebra. Clarifying necessary mathematics, they present formulations and explanations to convey significant details. The material is organized to afford great flexibility regarding course level, content, and usefulness in self-study for practicing engineers or as a text for graduate engineering students. This work includes example problems and explanatory figures, biographies of renowned contributors, and access to a website providing supplementary resources. These include an online MATLAB primer featuring original programs that can be used to solve complex problems and test solutions.

Textbook of Seismic Design
Textbook of Seismic Design

Author: G. R. Reddy

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-08-03

Total Pages: 558

ISBN-13: 9811331766

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This book focuses on the seismic design of Structures, Piping Systems and Components (SSC). It explains the basic mechanisms of earthquakes, generation of design basis ground motion, and fundamentals of structural dynamics; further, it delves into geotechnical aspects related to the earthquake design, analysis of multi degree-of-freedom systems, and seismic design of RC structures and steel structures. The book discusses the design of components and piping systems located at the ground level as well as at different floor levels of the structure. It also covers anchorage design of component and piping system, and provides an introduction to retrofitting, seismic response control including seismic base isolation, and testing of SSCs. The book is written in an easy-to-understand way, with review questions, case studies and detailed examples on each topic. This educational approach makes the book useful in both classrooms and professional training courses for students, researchers, and professionals alike.

Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students
Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students

Author: T.H.G. Megson

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2007-03-08

Total Pages: 825

ISBN-13: 0080488315

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Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students is the leading self contained aircraft structures course text. It covers all fundamental subjects, including elasticity, structural analysis, airworthiness and aeroelasticity. Now in its fourth edition, the author has revised and updated the text throughout and added new case study and worked example material to make the text even more accessible. - The leading Aircraft Structures text, covering a complete course from basic structural mechanics to finite element analysis - Enhanced pedagogy with additional case studies, worked examples and home work exercises

Structural and Stress Analysis
Structural and Stress Analysis

Author: T.H.G. Megson

Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann

Published: 2019-03-20

Total Pages: 842

ISBN-13: 0081025874

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Structural and Stress Analysis, Fourth Edition, provides readers with a comprehensive introduction to all types of structural and stress analysis. Starting with an explanation of the basic principles of statics, the book then covers normal and shear force, bending moments, and torsion. Building on the success of prior editions, this update features new material on structural dynamics and fatigue, along with additional discussions of Eurocode compliance in the design of beams. With worked examples, practice problems, and extensive illustrations, it is an all-in-one resource for students and professionals interested in learning structural analysis. - Presents a comprehensive overview of structural and stress analysis - Includes numerous worked examples and end-of-chapter problems - Extensively illustrated to help visualize concepts - Contains a greater focus on digital trends in structural engineering, including newer computer analysis methods and how to check output of such methods to avoid 'black-box' engineering - Contains additional worked examples on plastic analysis of frames, bending moment distribution and displacement evaluations on collapse mechanics - Introduces content on statics to ensure that students know the basic concepts and can understand the equilibrium principles that govern all structures as well as the principles of the mechanisms involved in computer-based calculations